Translating and Reading The Second Sex in Czechoslovakia in the 1960s

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-253
Author(s):  
Dagmar Pichová
Keyword(s):  
General Public ◽  
Academic Journals ◽  
Philosophical Review ◽  
Second Sex ◽  
The 1960S

Abstract The Czech translation of selected parts of The Second Sex was published in 1966. The Slovak translation, published in 1967, was nearly the complete text. Attitudes toward Beauvoir’s feminism can be observed in two Czech academic journals (Sociologický časopis [Czech sociological review] and Filosofický časopis [Philosophical review]) and in a debate in Literární noviny (Literary review). The author focuses on the context of both translations and describes the reactions to the Czech translation both in the academy and by the general public.

scholarly journals American Society Viewed from Youths’ Lens: A Study on Bob Dylan’s “A Hard Rain’s a-Gonna Fall”

Lexicon ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fauzan Rodi ◽  
Rahmawan Jatmiko
Keyword(s):  
General Public ◽  
Baby Boomer ◽  
Literary Work ◽  
Social Injustice ◽  
Baby Boomer Generation ◽  
Bob Dylan ◽  
Sociological Literature ◽  
American Society ◽  
The 1960S

This study examines the lyric of a famous song entitled A Hard Rains a-Gonna Fall composed by American folk musician, Bob Dylan. The objective of this study is to analyze the perspective of the baby-boomer generation, which remarkably differs from that of the older generations in terms of their attitude on certain issues such as war, social injustice, racism and equality in the 1960s America. All of these are reflected in the lyric of the song and also in the sociological and historical facts around the time when the work was created. The approach of sociological literature is employed in this study, which is chosen for the analysis to start from the assumption that the meaning of the lyrics is seen as the reflection of what happens in the society. This is also to reconfirm that a literary work can be used as a means of analyzing a period of time and, therefore, giving insights as to how the general public think about it.

Beauvoir, Simone de (1908–86)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stella Sandford
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Public Intellectual ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
Feminist Philosophy ◽  
Second Sex ◽  
Historical Investigation ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Political Essays ◽  
The 1960S

Beauvoir was an existentialist philosopher, novelist and writer. Her early philosophical work (including The Ethics of Ambiguity, 1947) attempted to develop an existentialist ethics, rethinking the ideas of freedom, responsibility and action through the prism of the self–other relation. Her work helped to shift existential thought towards a greater emphasis on embodiment and the analysis of oppression. This approach culminated in The Second Sex (1949), an interdisciplinary study of the oppression and situation of women. This is both a historical investigation into the social conditions that cast women as 'Other' and second to men and a philosophical (existential and phenomenological) account of the lived experience of 'feminine' existence. The Second Sex is of outstanding importance for feminist philosophy and the philosophy of sex and gender, as well as being a major influence on the women's movement since the 1960s. Beauvoir is also well known for her philosophical novels and plays, political essays, travel writing and published letters. Her last book, Old Age (1970), is one of very few philosophical works on ageing and old age. She was co-founder (1945) and lifetime editor of the important political and philosophical journal Les temps modernes. As a prominent public intellectual she was an influential supporter of many leftist and, in later life, feminist causes.

scholarly journals PRESENTACIÓN

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Luis Perdices de Blas ◽  
Manuel Santos Redondo
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Public Opinion ◽  
General Public ◽  
Economic Science ◽  
Academic Journals ◽  
Research Topics ◽  
The Social ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
Artistic Works ◽  
Intellectual Climate

"Economy and Culture" has several meanings, related to each other, but different. In this monograph we refer above all to the dissemination of economic ideas through literary and artistic works: novels, movies, music, painting, journalism. Academic journals and books and professional debate are the usual field of economic science, but their dissemination not only takes place through these means. Being social sciences, and dealing with problems that interest the general public, they are often an important part of the content of literary and artistic works. The ideas that appear there, adapted to the author's intention, may be close or far from those that most academic economists write about these same issues; but in both cases they contribute significantly to shaping public opinion, something always relevant in the social sciences. They are also part of the intellectual climate in which new ideas are developed among academics, what Schumpeter called the "preanalytic cognitive act" that drives the choice of our research topics.

scholarly journals Economic Prescriptions for Environmental Problems: How the Patient Followed the Doctor's Orders

1989 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert W Hahn
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Academic Journals ◽  
Marketable Permits ◽  
Actual Use ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Selective Analysis ◽  
Emission Charges

In this paper, I consider two tools which have received widespread support from the economics community: marketable permits and emission charges. Until the 1960s, these tools only existed on blackboards and in academic journals, as products of the fertile imaginations of academics. However, some countries have recently begun to explore using these tools as part of a broader strategy for managing environmental problems. This paper chronicles the experience with both marketable permits and emissions charges. It also provides a selective analysis of a variety of applications in Europe and the United States and shows how the actual use of these tools tends to depart from the role which economists have conceived for them.

Revolution, modernization and Chinese foreign policy

1986 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 235-241
Author(s):  
J. D. Armstrong
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Cultural Revolution ◽  
General Public ◽  
Balance Of Power ◽  
Chinese Foreign Policy ◽  
Great Power ◽  
Alternative Perspective ◽  
The World ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Radical Transformation

If Churchill's aphorism about Russia being ‘a riddle wrapped in a mystery inside an enigma’ was an apt formulation of Western puzzlement about that nation, several further layers of obfuscation would be required accurately to depict Western perceptions of China. Since 1949 a number of conflicting conceptions of China's nature and purpose have vied with each other to gain the allegiance of analysts, governments and the general public alike. There was, for too many years, the China of American demonology: aggressive, expansionist and cruel, conspiring with the USSR to bring about world domination, its implacable rulers brooding malevolently over their nation of docile ants. Even while this notion held centre stage, an alternative perspective was available from such eminent Sinologists as C. P. Fitzgerald and I. K. Fairbank: that China had not undergone such a dramatic metamorphosis under the communists as many believed but was still ‘eternal China’, reproducing the same age-old patterns of behaviour that had persisted with little change through many centuries, if not millennia. Then, during the 1960s a new image emerged: China the ultrarevolutionary power, itself engaged upon a process of radical transformation through the turbulence of the Cultural Revolution, while simultaneously acting as the principal inspiration of violent revolution elsewhere in the world. The Sino-American rapprochement soon produced an entirely different perspective: China was now a responsible great power, maintaining a global balance of power in accordance with the Nixon–Kissinger vision of international order.

L’invenzione della tv in Italia nell’ esperienza di Mario Sasso.

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Maria Gazzano
Keyword(s):  
General Public ◽  
Public Television ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1960S

Mario Sasso, painter and videoartist, has gradually made the expressive exploration of new technological languages the privileged area of his experience. However, he is also known to the general public for being the most sensitive "art director" of television graphics, an activity in which, since the 1960s, and in particular for Rai-Radiotelevisione italiana, he has transfused the richness of his plastic research. Sasso is the main architect of the "image" of Italian public television: of that particular way of presenting himself and being recognized, beyond the programs, in peculiar signs and graphic layouts that the artist himself has conceptually contributed to conceiving: innovating and proposing in new ways the languages of nascent television. Made by him are the first “covers”, the first broadcast opening credits of Rai and its flagship programs; as well as a whole series of expressive innovations that have marked the history of the audiovisual sector. Furthermore, operations of destructuring and intersection of artistic languages that have contributed to building the identity of the medium in Italy even before the official affirmation of the electronic arts and up to the pioneering experience of RaiSat.

Using and conserving artists’ books at the School of the Art Institute of Chicago

2007 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 36-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doro Boehme
Keyword(s):  
General Public ◽  
Experimental Art ◽  
Hands On ◽  
Art Forms ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Access Policies

This article describes the Joan Flasch Artists’ Book Collection, a unique archive of experimental art forms from the 1960s to the present, and how students and the general public make use of its welcoming access policies. It further addresses conservation efforts as they apply to a setting that strongly emphasizes hands-on usage of materials.

Adventures of Feminism: Simone de Beauvoir's Autobiographies, Women's Liberation, and Self-Fashioning

2000 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann Curthoys
Keyword(s):  
Sense Of Self ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Feminist Critique ◽  
Theoretical Contribution ◽  
Significant Aspect ◽  
Second Sex ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Historical Examination ◽  
Sydney Australia

While The Second Sex is usually taken as Simone de Beauvoir's major theoretical contribution to feminism, in the 1960s and 1970s it was very often through her autobiographies – especially Memoirs of a Dutiful Daughter, The Prime of Life, and Force of Circumstance, along with novels such as She Came to Stay and The Mandarins – that her feminist ideas were most thoroughly absorbed. The autobiographies became nothing less than a guide for the fashioning of a new kind of feminine self. Where The Second Sex had intimated that a significant aspect of human liberation lay in women not losing their identity or their sense of self in those of men, it was the autobiographies which suggested and demonstrated in great detail how this might be done. In them, the rejection of conventional marriage and children was no mere slogan, but the foundation of what seemed to young female readers to be a fascinating and challenging life. In this paper, I reflect on de Beauvoir and her historical and contemporary relevance: first through reminiscence and re-reading of the autobiographies themselves; then with an historical examination of how they were read, taking Sydney, Australia, as my example; and finally by offering some reflections on subsequent feminist critique.

Copyleft

Virtual Words ◽  
2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathon Keats
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
General Public ◽  
Early Experiment ◽  
Software Companies ◽  
Future Version ◽  
Carry Over ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The One ◽  
The Right ◽  
General Public License

Developing an open-source alternative to the UNIX operating system in the early 1980s, the master hacker Richard Stallman faced a dilemma: if he put his new GNU software in the public domain, people could copyright their improved versions, undermining the open-source cycle by taking away the freedoms he’d granted. So Stallman copyrighted GNU himself, and distributed it, at no cost, under a license that arguably was to have greater impact on the future of computing than even the software he was striving to protect. The GNU Emacs General Public License was the founding document of the copyleft. The word copyleft predated Stallman’s innovation by at least a couple of decades. It had been used jestingly, together with the phrase “All Rights Reversed,” in lieu of the standard copyright notice on the Principia Discordia, an absurdist countercultural religious doctrine published in the 1960s. And in the 1970s the People’s Computer Company provocatively designated Tiny BASIC, an early experiment in open-source software, “Copyleft—All Wrongs Reserved.” Either of these may have indirectly inspired Stallman’s phrasing. (He first encountered the word copyleft as a humorous slogan stamped on a letter from his fellow hacker Don Hopkins.) Stallman’s genius was to realize this vague countercultural ideal in a way that was legally enforceable. That Stallman was the one to do so, and the Discordians weren’t, makes sense when one considers his method. His license stipulated that GNU software was free to distribute, and that any aspect of it could be freely modified except the license, which would mandatorily carry over to any future version, ad infinitum, ensuring that GNU software would always be free to download and improve. “The license agreements of most software companies keep you at the mercy of those companies,” Stallman wrote in the didactic preamble to his contract. “By contrast, our general public license is intended to give everyone the right to share GNU Emacs. To make sure that you get the rights we want you to have, we need to make restrictions that forbid anyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the rights.” Freedom was paradoxically made compulsory.

scholarly journals The Legacies of the Stonewall Riots in Denmark and the Netherlands

2020 ◽  
Vol 89 ◽  
pp. 193-206
Author(s):  
Andrew D J Shield
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
York City ◽  
General Public ◽  
Iranian Revolution ◽  
Gay Liberation ◽  
National Organization ◽  
National Media ◽  
The 1960S

Abstract The Netherlands and Denmark housed Europe’s first two postwar homophile organizations, and by the 1960s, activists were already debating anti-homosexual laws in national media (in the Netherlands) demonstrating publicly; thus Stonewall was not the origin of activism in either of these countries. Yet the events in New York City 1969 had two lasting influences in these countries: first, Stonewall catalyzed a transnational ‘consciousness’ (or solidarity) among gay and lesbian activists during a period of radicalization; and second, the Christopher Street Liberation Day 1970 inspired the visible demonstrations known today as ‘Pride’ celebrations. From 1971, Denmark’s national organization planned Christopher Street Day demonstrations every June; and that same year, a radical Gay Liberation Front split off from the association. From 1977, the Netherlands planned its own late-June demonstrations, often with transnational themes (e.g. Anita Bryant in 1977, the Iranian Revolution in 1979). In the following decades, these demonstrations of gay/lesbian visibility moved to August, and Denmark (and Belgium) dropped Christopher Street from event names. Yet scholars, activists, and the general public still evoke the memory of the first Liberation Day when referring to a ‘post-Stonewall’ era in the Netherlands and Denmark.

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