The Seven Avatars of Love: Deliberations on Rūmī’s Mathnawī

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 67-90
Author(s):  
Amir H. Zekrgoo ◽  
Leyla H. Tajer
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Study ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Emotional Challenges ◽  
The Earth ◽  
True Love ◽  
Magnum Opus ◽  
Self Discovery

AbstractAn ‘avatar’ is a technical Sanskrit term used in Indian mythology, referring to a divine manifestation on earth. The ultimate goal of an avatar is to save the earth and guide its occupants to salvation. Similarly, Rūmī equates true love with God and introduces seven different personifications of love on earth as divine agents who are there to lead mankind to the ultimate joy of liberation – liberation from their own egos and from their surroundings. The typical stories of love revolve around the lovers’ fears, pains, joys, and other emotional states, and the path they follow in order to experience the ultimate ecstasy of union with the beloved. In the Mathnawī the issue of love has been discussed in various passages and stages. A detailed analytical study of the magnum opus shows an effort by Rūmī to represent various stages of love in bodily forms. That is to say the lover, in his mystical journey, faces individuals who are in fact personifications of love. In his journey of self-discovery, the lover encounters seven mysterious individuals, whom we have termed the Seven Avatars of Love. These seven avatars appear at various stages of the journey in order to test, help, and provide guidance to the lover. They are in fact manifestations of a single reality disguised in seven forms: the Blood-shedder, the Spiritual Guide (Pīr), the Constable, the King, the Caliph, the Angel Gabriel, and finally, the Musician. Together they display various intellectual, mental, and emotional challenges that are experienced by true lovers on the path of love.

scholarly journals An analytical study comparing the work done and the instantaneous speed of the ball to launch the penalty skill from the penalty mark (6 meters and 10 meters) for FUTSAL players

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 0032
Author(s):  
Dr. Diar Muhammed
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Study ◽  
Video Camera ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Instantaneous Speed ◽  
Starting Speed ◽  
The Right ◽  
Work Done ◽  
And Training ◽  
Descriptive Method

The importance of the research lies in trying to find the best solutions to get the player to the optimal motor path by studying mechanical (kinematical) variables for one of the most important skills for the futsal soccer game, which is the scoring skill of the penalty marks (6 - 10) meters in highlighting the study of the differences between The completed work and the instantaneous speed of the ball to launch the scoring skill from the penalty mark for scoring (6 meters and 10 meters) for players in some biomechanical variables such as the vertical work done variable and the angle of the ball launch so that we can know those differences and overcome them in the stages of education and training. The research objectives were: 1-Knowing the values ​​of the job variables performed for the scoring skill from the penalty mark (6 meters - 10 meters) for FUTSAL players 2- Knowing the values ​​of the instant speed of the ball for scoring skill from the penalty mark (6 meters-10 meters) for FUTSAL players 3-Identify the differences between the work done and the instantaneous starting speed of the ball for scoring skill from the penalty mark (6 meters - 10 meters) for FUTSAL players The researcher used the descriptive method in the analysis method to suit his nature of the research. The research sample consisted of (12) players who represented the Sulaymaniyah Governorate team and the participant in the Iraqi championship for the first degree for the year (2016-2017). The researcher used video imaging to achieve the technical scientific observation by using a Japanese-made video camera (CASIO.EX.FH25.EXILM) with an internal memory (4kB) placed at a distance of (9.80 meters) and on the right of the player and the height of the lens ( 1,40) from the surface of the Earth, and the speed of the photographic machine was In video (120 images / second), the Kinovea V 0.8.24 program was used to obtain the vertical work variable and the starting angle of the sphere and the researcher used the following statistical methods (arithmetic mean - standard deviation - difference coefficient - T test for independent samples) To obtain the research data, the researcher recommended a set of recommendations and conclusions for the research.

scholarly journals Worship in Islam and Contemplation in God's Creation (An Analytical Study)

sjesr ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-298
Author(s):  
Dr. Samina Begum ◽  
Dr. Hafiz Muhammad Ibrar Ullah ◽  
Dr. Hashmat Begum
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Study ◽  
Human Being ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The World ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The One ◽  
Bear Witness ◽  
The Universe ◽  
Do So

The contemplation of God’s creation is one of the greatest forms of worship in Islam  every human being, when he observes the different scenes of this universe of colors and smells, enjoys seeing some of them so much that he longs to repeat this pleasure۔  It is not amazing, therefore, that countless Quranic verses give confidence this action and do so using a range of methods to appeal to every temperament and religious state. The mean is to switch people away from their dulled senses, awful habits, and monotonous familiarity, and encourage them to observe the signs of their Lord in the world with insight and vulnerable hearts. True Islamic contemplation can only spring from a mind that believes in God and a mind that submits to Him and His glorious Attributes. This is the unwavering faith of oneness (tawhÏd), which is to bear witness that the Almighty is the One and only God Who created, governs, and maintain the universe. Any other form of contemplation of the attractiveness and brilliance of the heavens and the earth would be measured atheism or polytheism (shirk) because the contemplator would not be distinguished, let alone admiring and express thanks to the Creator. In all religions, after beliefs, the highest importance is given to worship. Worship and contemplation are inseparable.

scholarly journals Using prosocial behavior to safeguard mental health and foster emotional well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic: A registered report protocol for a randomized trial

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. e0245865
Author(s):  
Andrew Miles ◽  
Meena Andiappan ◽  
Laura Upenieks ◽  
Christos Orfanidis
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Health Anxiety ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Emotional Challenges ◽  
Viable Approach

The COVID-19 pandemic, the accompanying lockdown measures, and their possible long-term effects have made mental health a pressing public health concern. Acts that focus on benefiting others—known as prosocial behaviors—offer one promising intervention that is both flexible and low cost. However, neither the range of emotional states prosocial acts impact nor the size of those effects is currently clear, both of which directly influence its attractiveness as a treatment option. Using a large online sample from Canada and the United States, we will examine the effect of a three-week prosocial intervention on two indicators of emotional well-being (happiness and the belief that one’s life is valuable) and mental health (anxiety and depression). Respondents will be randomly assigned to perform prosocial, self-focused, or neutral behaviors each week. Two weeks after the intervention, a final survey will assess whether the intervention has a lasting effect on mental health and emotional well-being. Our results will illuminate whether prosocial interventions are a viable approach to addressing mental health needs during the current COVID-19 pandemic, as well for those who face emotional challenges during normal times.

From the Remainder of Adam’s Clay

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 6-28
Author(s):  
Ali Karjoo-Ravary
Keyword(s):  
English Translation ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Magnum Opus ◽  
Other World ◽  
Human Intellect ◽  
Sense Of Wonder

Abstract This article presents an introduction to and a complete English translation of the eighth chapter of Ibn al-ʿArabī’s (d. 638/1240) magnum opus al-Futūḥāt al-makkiyya. The chapter, entitled, “On the earth that was made from the remainder of Adam’s leaven clay, which is the Earth of Reality, and on some of the strange and wondrous things contained therein,” contains a description of a world wholly separate from our own. An underlying argument in this chapter is that the human intellect, constrained as it is by the categories of possibilities which pertain to our earthly configuration, is incapable of grasping the vast expanse of this “Earth of Reality.” Ibn al-ʿArabī also aims to show how many of the Qur’anic and Prophetic traditions which the intellect struggles to comprehend exist in this other world without any contradiction. In this sense, the chapter in question seeks to inculcate a sense of wonder and bewilderment in readers, reminding them that there will always be worlds, beyond our immediate sensory world, that remain to be seen and known.

scholarly journals Almighty saying: (We offered the Trust" al'amana" …) an analytical study and faith indications

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 1575-1589
Author(s):  
Marwa Mahmoud kharma ◽  
◽  
Omar Arafat
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Study ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Great Honor ◽  
Divine Power ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The World

This research deals with the study of a noble verse that raises questions about its understanding; As it relates to offer the Trust "al'amana" to God’s creation, accepting it from some and not accepting it from others. The study aims to clarify the meaning of the offer, the trust and the bear it. And the research has been divided into two topics: The first: the analytical study of the noble verse, and it contains four demands: The first: what the offer is, how it is, and its time. The second: What is Trust and what it means to carry the heavens, the earth, the mountains, and the human being to it. And the third: the meaning of declined to bear it and feared it from the heavens, the earth, and the mountains. And the fourth: the meaning of the fact that a person is unjust and ignorant, then came the second topic to explain: The faith indications of the noble verse: It includes three demands: The first: the manifestations of divine power and mercy in this verse. The second: the explanation of holding a person accountable for his burden of trust. And the third: the honor of slavery and the benefits of carrying trust to the human being. Then a conclusion with the most prominent results, including: that the offer to the heavens and the earth and the mountains was not an obligatory proposition, but rather an offer of choice, so they declined to bear it underestimating themselves and not arrogance to obedience, and that honesty is everything that is entrusted to him, in terms of orders and prohibitions and matters of religion and the world, and the entire Sharia is trust, and human has taken it as an honor for him, and God has promised to help him in carrying it, and that slavery is a great honor for the servant, so carrying us to trust was to complete our existence, raise our status, and achieve our happiness in this world and the hereafter.

scholarly journals The Founder of Modern Geology Died 100 Years Ago: The Scientific Work and Legacy of Eduard Suess

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 181 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.M. Celâl Şengör
Keyword(s):  
Plate Tectonics ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Urban Geology ◽  
The Earth ◽  
History Of Geology ◽  
The Face ◽  
Il Y A ◽  
History Of ◽  
Magnum Opus ◽  
Géologie Urbaine

Eduard Suess (1831-1914) is probably the greatest geologist who ever lived. He died 100 years ago and left us the modern geology as we know it. His work ranged from paleontology through stratigraphy, geomorphology, urban geology, finally to tectonics. His magnum opus was the multi-volume Das Antlitz der Erde (The Face of the Earth), the greatest book in the history of geology. It is a complete description of the geology of the planet from the viewpoint of the theory of thermal contraction in Constant Prévost’s version, as modified by Suess. For all the admiration it caused it has been largely left unread and as a consequence geology lost some half a century until the invention of plate tectonics in 1965. This was in part, because the way Suess wrote the book made reading very difficult. The following is not a biography of Suess, but a review and evaluation of his work during the centenary of his death.RÉSUMÉEduard Suess (1831-1914) est probablement le plus grand géologue qui ait jamais vécu. Il est mort il y a 100 ans et il nous a laissé la géologie moderne telle que nous la connaissons. Son oeuvre va de la paléontologie à la stratigraphie, la géomorphologie, la géologie urbaine, enfin jusqu’à la tectonique. Son magnum opus est le multi-volume Das Antlitz der Erde (La Face de la Terre), le plus grand livre de l’histoire de la géologie. C’est une description complète de la géologie de la planète du point de vue de la théorie de la contraction thermique dans la version de Constant Prévost, modifiée par Suess lui -même. En dépit de l’admiration dont il était l’objet , ce grand livre a été très peu lu. En conséquence la géologie a perdu près d’un demi-siècle jusqu’à l’invention de la tectonique des plaques en 1965. C’est en partie a cause de la façon dont Suess a écrit le livre qui rend la lecture très difficile. Ce qui suit n’est pas une biographie de Suess, mais un examen et une évaluation de son travail à l’occasion du centenaire de sa mort.

The motion of a lunar orbiter

1966 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 373
Author(s):  
Y. Kozai
Keyword(s):  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Artificial Satellite ◽  
Equations Of Motion ◽  
Triaxial Ellipsoid ◽  
The Moon ◽  
Secular Motion ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Close Satellite ◽  
The Mean

The motion of an artificial satellite around the Moon is much more complicated than that around the Earth, since the shape of the Moon is a triaxial ellipsoid and the effect of the Earth on the motion is very important even for a very close satellite.The differential equations of motion of the satellite are written in canonical form of three degrees of freedom with time depending Hamiltonian. By eliminating short-periodic terms depending on the mean longitude of the satellite and by assuming that the Earth is moving on the lunar equator, however, the equations are reduced to those of two degrees of freedom with an energy integral.Since the mean motion of the Earth around the Moon is more rapid than the secular motion of the argument of pericentre of the satellite by a factor of one order, the terms depending on the longitude of the Earth can be eliminated, and the degree of freedom is reduced to one.Then the motion can be discussed by drawing equi-energy curves in two-dimensional space. According to these figures satellites with high inclination have large possibilities of falling down to the lunar surface even if the initial eccentricities are very small.The principal properties of the motion are not changed even if plausible values ofJ3andJ4of the Moon are included.This paper has been published in Publ. astr. Soc.Japan15, 301, 1963.

Formation of Lunar Craters and Bright Rays as a Result of Meteorite Impacts

1962 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 415-418
Author(s):  
K. P. Stanyukovich ◽  
V. A. Bronshten
Keyword(s):  
Explosive Charge ◽  
The Moon ◽  
Meteorite Impacts ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Lunar Craters ◽  
The Impact

The phenomena accompanying the impact of large meteorites on the surface of the Moon or of the Earth can be examined on the basis of the theory of explosive phenomena if we assume that, instead of an exploding meteorite moving inside the rock, we have an explosive charge (equivalent in energy), situated at a certain distance under the surface.

The Origin of the Moon

1962 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 149-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. L. Ruskol
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Solar System ◽  
The Moon ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Origin Of The Moon

The difference between average densities of the Moon and Earth was interpreted in the preceding report by Professor H. Urey as indicating a difference in their chemical composition. Therefore, Urey assumes the Moon's formation to have taken place far away from the Earth, under conditions differing substantially from the conditions of Earth's formation. In such a case, the Earth should have captured the Moon. As is admitted by Professor Urey himself, such a capture is a very improbable event. In addition, an assumption that the “lunar” dimensions were representative of protoplanetary bodies in the entire solar system encounters great difficulties.

The Origin of the Moon and its Relationship to the Origin of the Solar System

1962 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 133-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harold C. Urey
Keyword(s):  
Solar System ◽  
The Moon ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Origin Of The Moon

During the last 10 years, the writer has presented evidence indicating that the Moon was captured by the Earth and that the large collisions with its surface occurred within a surprisingly short period of time. These observations have been a continuous preoccupation during the past years and some explanation that seemed physically possible and reasonably probable has been sought.

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