Chapter One New Stage of China’s Social Construction: Analysis and Forecast of China’s Social Development from 2010 to 2011 by the Task Group for “Analysis and Forecast on the Social Situation," Chinese Academy of Social Sciences

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-32
Author(s):  
T.V. Avakyan ◽  
S.V. Volikova ◽  
M.G. Sorokova

The influence of a specific social development situation on the operational and motivational components of social cognition in orphan adolescents investigated. The theoretical basis of the study was the provisions of the "social situation of development" L.S. Vygotsky, theories of attachment by J. Bowlby, the multifactor model of social cognition A.B. Kholmogorova, O.V. Rychkova. 68 orphans aged from 10 to 17 years old living in the orphanage examined. It shown that orphaned teenagers with an insecure type of attachment have more difficulty in understanding their own feelings, regardless of the length of their stay in the institution. Orphans living in institutions for more than 5 years have a higher level of social anxiety and distress during social interaction.


Author(s):  
Elisa Narminio ◽  
Caterina Carta

This chapter describes discourse analysis. In linguistics, discourse is generally defined as a continuous expression of connected written or spoken language that is larger than a sentence. However, as a method in the social sciences, discourse analysis (DA) gave rise to diatribes about where to set the borders of discourse. As language constitutes the very entry point to the world, some discourse analysts argue that all that exists acquires meaning through language. Does this mean that discourse constitutes reality? Is there anything outside text and discourse? Or is discourse one among many means of social construction? The evolution of DA in social science unearths an ontological debate between ‘realists’ and ‘nominalists’, which eventually reverberates in epistemological strategies.


2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Arias-Maldonado

How should political thinkers deal with environmental science? The question has acquired a new urgency with the rise of the Anthropocene, a scientific concept rapidly assimilated by the social sciences and the humanities. In that respect, some critics have levelled against it the well-known objections that environmental political thinkers and philosophers have directed towards science at large in the past. Anthropocene science might lead towards planetary governmentality, imposing a reductive way of understanding both the planet and sustainability. This article will claim that a clear demarcation between scientific and sociopolitical enquiries is needed. Political thinkers should take the findings provided by natural scientists as the basis for normative exploration and the quest for meaning. Arendt’s reflections on truth and factfulness will help to make this point.


2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurkhalis Nurkhalis

AbstractThis article examines two realities of life experienced by humans in living. These two realities are subjective and objective, both of which have a high power of study when combined. As the development of phenomena or social problems increasingly complex, the presence of Social Construction theory becomes a bridge to see the social situation in the two sides of the subjective and objective. As the sociologists struggle arguing for subjective and objective dominance, the Social Construction theory takes its position as peacemaker by giving portions on both sides that are equally important. Therefore, it is appropriate that the Social Construction theory is categorized into the critical theory of a set of tools closer to the social reality for observing the social dynamic and social static.Keywords: Subjective, Objective, Social Construction theory, Social Dynamic, Social Static


2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (17) ◽  
pp. 6798
Author(s):  
Fidel Molina-Luque

This article analyzes the challenges faced by the inhabitants of the island of Rapa Nui in connection with climate change-related environmental and socio-economic problems, and the survival of the islanders’ cultural identity and their very sustainability. A qualitative research methodology was adopted, using observation and in-depth interviews within a life course approach. An innovative and creative methodology was employed, cross-referencing and comparing data from 2011 and 2020. This methodology has led to the further strengthening of a new concept in sociology and the social sciences in general: profiguration (intergenerational and interdependent socialization). Based on the results of this study, some analytically robust descriptions were made of the socio-cultural and environmental situation in Rapa Nui, and of an increasingly sustainable social development model. It is a model of social development that is on the way to being sustainable, intercultural, intergenerational, and promoted by the community.


2003 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-161
Author(s):  
Chayan Vaddhanaphuti

This paper examines social development as a process and as a historically produced discourse before and during the crisis in Southeast Asia. Using the case of Thai social science in different historical periods — from distanced social science to socially engaged social science — to illustrate its relevance to social development, this paper argues that new modes of knowing is necessary to challenge, rethink, and reconstruct the role of social science based on situated knowledge and contextualised views expressed.


Res Publica ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-245
Author(s):  
Marc Swyngedouw

This article exposes comparable social mechanisms that have generated the social construction of threatening immigrants in Europe in the thirties and in the eighties. The analysis is building on Bourdieu 's theory of the construction of social space and the genesis of social groups. This semiotic-praxiological approach is used to explain why the specific historical and socio-economical conditions in the thirties and eighties have lead to the construction of Jews and Muslims as threatening immigrants. Our discussion focuses on the exemplary caseof the 'migrant problem' in historical and actual political discourse in Flanders (Belgium). Where at the end of the thirties the notion 'immigrant' referred exclusively to Jews, in the eighties it is used for Turkish and Maroccan 'guestworkers'. In spite of the specific historical and social situation of Jewish and Muslim immigrants parallel social mechanisms and discourses emerge in the redrawing of the social space by creating 'theatening' immigrants/strangers. These mechanisms are a religious anti Judaism/anti-Islamism, rapid social economie change fueling an economical argumented antiJew/anti-muslim and (cultural) racism legitimized by an internationally disseminated ethno-nationalism.


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