scholarly journals Revision of Ischnopelta Stål, 1868 with the description of twenty new species (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae: Discocephalinae)

Megataxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
PEDRO ROSSO ◽  
LUIZ ALEXANDRE CAMPOS
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
South America ◽  
Congo Red ◽  
Morphometric Parameters ◽  
Image Processor ◽  
Incertae Sedis ◽  
Microscope Imaging ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Made In

Ischnopelta Stål, 1868 is a Discocephalini genus with three known species, I. scutellata (Signoret, 1851), I. oblonga (Fieber, 1851), and I. luteicornis (Walker, 1867), and distribution restricted to South America. The examination of 284 specimens from several localities in Venezuela, Brazil, Bolivia, Argentina, and Paraguay, revealed the existence of new species. Measurements of 24 morphometric parameters were taken using stereomicroscope and tpsDig2 version 2.16 from images captured with an MShot MD50 camera coupled to a Techno RZ stereomicroscope and edited in MShot DIS version 1.1. The genitalia of both sexes was dissected upon specimen availability, digested in KOH 10%, dehydrated in ethanol 70%, stained in Congo red (when needed), and preserved in liquid glycerin. Photographs were made in a Nikon AZ100M stereomicroscope, and a focus stacking procedure was done with Nikon NIS-Elements Ar Microscope Imaging Software. Drawings were produced over the images with a vectorial image processor. In this work Ischnopelta is revised, I. scutellata and I. luteicornis are redescribed, and keys to males and females of the species are proposed. We describe 20 new species: I. alalonga sp. n., I. anangulata sp. n., I. bechyneorum sp. n., I. confusa sp. n., I. coralinae sp. n., I. cordiformis sp. n., I. crassula sp. n., I. cristulata sp. n., I. cylindrata sp. n., I. guarani sp. n., I. impunctata sp. n., I. magna sp. n., I. marginella sp. n., I. montana sp. n., I. paiagua sp. n., I. parvula sp. n., I. pellucidula sp. n., I. ruckesi sp. n., I. vellozia sp. n., and I. wigodzinskyi sp. n.. We were unable to locate the syntypes of I. oblonga (Fieber, 1851) and the species is treated here as incertae sedis.

Three new species of Camillina Berland, 1919 (Araneae: Gnaphosidae) from Brazil

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4802 (3) ◽  
pp. 502-518
Author(s):  
CLÁUDIA XAVIER ◽  
RICARDO OTT ◽  
REGIANE SATURNINO
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
South America ◽  
Diagnostic Character ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
Made In

The genus Camillina Berland, 1919 includes 75 valid species which are mainly distributed in South America. However, in Brazil, the knowledge regarding Camillina remains limited and a few contributions to the taxonomy of the genus have been made in the last two decades. Camillina belongs to Zelotinae, a group of gnaphosid spiders which diagnostic character is a preening comb on metatarsi III and IV, and the genus can be recognized by the presence of a prolaterally situated, bifid terminal apophysis and medially situated, recessed embolar base on the male palp and a median epigynal plate. Here, we describe the males and females of three new species: C. suya sp. nov. and C. kuarup sp. nov., both from Fazenda Tanguro, Querência, state of Mato Grosso, Brazil and C. bonaldoi sp. nov. from Parque Nacional de Sete Cidades, Piracuruca, state of Piauí, Brazil. 

Contribution to the taxonomy of Paracloeodes Day 1955 (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae) from South America

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4403 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
PAULO VILELA CRUZ ◽  
FREDERICO FALCÃO SALLES ◽  
NEUSA HAMADA
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
South America ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Western Hemisphere ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
General Lack ◽  
New Synonym ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
One New Species ◽  
Made In

In recent decades, major advances in the systematics of the Western Hemisphere genus Paracloeodes Day have been made in South America. Despite the taxonomic progress, uncertainties in identification remain due to the morphological similarities among some nymphs and due to the general lack of knowledge of the imago stages (only 4 of 20 are described from throughout the range of the genus). This study addresses these impediments in part through description of the male imagoes of six species (P. atroari Nieto & Salles, P. binodulus Lugo-Ortiz & McCafferty, P. ibicui Lugo-Ortiz & McCafferty, P. pacawara Nieto & Salles, P. peri Nieto & Salles, P. waimiri Nieto & Salles), description of two new species based on morphologically distinct nymphs (P. aristotelesi sp. n. and P. carolinae sp. n.), description of one new species based on morphologically distinct nymph and male imago (P. prismatobranchus sp. n.); redescription of three species based on type material (P. ibicui Lugo-Ortiz & McCafferty, P. leptobranchus Lugo-Ortiz & McCafferty and P. eurybranchus Lugo-Ortiz & McCafferty); proposal of one new synonym based on morphological analyses of specimens from Bolivia, Brazil and Uruguay, including type specimens (P. pacawara = P. morellii Emmerich & Nieto); and the presentation of a new key to identify nymphs from South America to the species level. 

Revision of the genus Corythalia C.L. Koch, 1850, part 1: Diagnosis and new species from South America (Araneae: Salticidae: Salticinae: Euophryini)

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4806 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-144
Author(s):  
STEFFEN BAYER ◽  
HUBERT HÖFER ◽  
HEIKO METZNER
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
South America ◽  
French Guiana ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Nominal Species ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Incertae Sedis ◽  
The World ◽  
Primary Type ◽  
First Time

We propose a revision of the spider genus Corythalia C.L. Koch, 1850 (Salticidae: Euophryini) with a revised genus diagnosis based on examination of all species available to us. In this paper we redescribe all previously described species from South America with revised species diagnoses and describe 20 new species from South America (and the nearby islands). For C. latipes, the type species of the genus Corythalia, a neotype is designated. In total, 52 nominal species of the genus are herein treated, 46 species are recognized as valid. The females of C. waleckii Taczanowski, 1871, C. luctuosa Caporiacco, 1954 and C. latipes (C.L. Koch, 1846) are described for the first time. Corythalia sellata Simon, 1901, erroneously considered as nomen nudum in the present version of the World Spider Catalog, is here recognised as a valid species. Corythalia fulgipedia Crane, 1948 is also considered a valid species and is removed from the synonymy of C. tropica (Mello-Leitão, 1939). One name is considered a nomen dubium (Corythalia variegata Caporiacco, 1954), two are nomina nuda (C. major Simon, 1901; C. dimidiata Simon, 1901). Two species are transferred to other genera: C. argyrochrysos (Mello-Leitão, 1946) to Pachomius Peckham & Peckham, 1896 as Pachomius argyrochrysos (Mello-Leitão, 1946), comb. nov. and C. heliophanina (Taczanowski, 1871) to Neonella Gertsch, 1936, as Neonella heliophanina (Taczanowski, 1871), comb. nov. under incertae sedis. One species is synonymised: C. barbipes (Mello-Leitão, 1939) is a junior synonym of C. cincta (Badcock, 1932), syn. nov. The new Corythalia species are: C. conferta sp. nov. (♂♀, Brazil), C. concinna sp. nov. (♀, Brazil), C. drepane sp. nov. (♂♀, Brazil), C. drepanopsis sp. nov. (♀, Brazil), C. antepagmenti sp. nov. (♂♀, Brazil), C. ricti Bayer, sp. nov. (♂, Guyana), C. protensa sp. nov. (♂, Brazil), C. gasnieri sp. nov. (♂, Brazil), C. verhaaghi sp. nov. (♀, Brazil), C. scutellaris Bayer, sp. nov. (♂♀, Ecuador), C. dakryodes Bayer, sp. nov. (♀, Colombia), C. foelixi Bayer, sp. nov. (♂♀, French Guiana), C. longiducta sp. nov. (♀, Brazil), C. latior sp. nov. (♂, Bolivia), C. trochophora Bayer, sp. nov. (♂, Ecuador), C. lineata Bayer, sp. nov. (♂, Guyana), C. hamulifera Bayer, sp. nov. (♂, Ecuador), C. tribulosa sp. nov. (♂, Colombia), C. flagrans sp. nov. (♂, Brazil) and C. fragilis sp. nov. (♂♀, Brazil). Illustrations are provided for all of the new species and for all (primary) type specimens of the species re-described. Hypotheses of possible relationships among the different species of Corythalia are discussed. 

Denticulobasis and Tuberculobasis, new genera close to Leptobasis, with description of ten new species (Odonata: Coenagrionidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 2108 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANGELO B. M. MACHADO
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
South America ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
New Genera ◽  
Diagnostic Characters ◽  
Males And Females

Two new genera, Denticulobasis and Tuberculobasis, are described. Denticulobasis contains three species: D. dunklei sp. nov. from Loreto, Peru, and D. garrisoni sp.nov. and D. ariken sp. nov. from Rondônia, Brazil. Tuberculobasis includes 12 spp., all from South America, seven of which are new, viz.: T. arara sp. nov. from Rondônia, Brazil, T. geijskesi sp.nov. from Suriname, T. guarani sp. nov. from São Paulo, Brazil, T. karitiana sp.nov. from Rondônia, Brazil, T. macuxi sp.nov. from Roraima, Brazil, T. tirio sp. nov. from Pará, Brazil, and T. williamsoni sp.nov. from Colombia and Venezuela. Five species are herein transferred from Leptobasis Selys, 1877 to Tuberculobasis: L. cardinalis (Fraser, 1946), L. costalimai Santos, 1957, L. inversa Selys, 1876, L. mammilaris Calvert, 1909, and L. yanomami De Marmels, 1992. The new genera are close to Leptobasis; differences between them are analyzed and their diagnostic characters are described. In addition, diagnostic characters of females of three species of Tuberculobasis, most likely new, are illustrated but they are not named. A key for males and females of Tuberculobasis is provided, and an attempt to understand their life cycle is made.

scholarly journals V.—The Fauna of the Bokkeveld Beds

1907 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 165-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. R. Cowper Reed
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
South America ◽  
South African ◽  
The South ◽  
Poor State ◽  
Working Hypotheses ◽  
Made In

It is useful from time to time to take stock of our knowledge in connection with such a geological problem as that of the fauna of the Bokkeveld Beds, so that we may ascertain to what stage in the process of its elucidation we have arrived, and may note the direction in which the evidence is pointing. An indication of the principal gaps in our knowledge may also be obtained in this manner, and new suggestions as to the more promising lines of investigation. The conclusions arrived at from such a survey may be employed tentatively as working hypotheses, but it may be premature to base upon them confident generalisations. Approaching the question of the composition, relations, origin, and distribution of the Bokkeveld fauna in this spirit of caution and with the foregoing objects in view, we find firstly that a considerable advance has been made in our knowledge of it and allied faunas during the last few years. The researches of Ulrich, Kayser, Clarke, Katzer, Thomas, and others in South America have given us an immense amount of fresh information on the Devonian faunas of that continent, and the South African fossils themselves have been studied by Lake, Schwarz, and the author. Their general poor state of preservation is a matter of regret, but the increase in the material available has cleared away some of the difficulties met with by Salter and other previous workers. Much undoubtedly remains to be learnt from work in the field, and we may expect further yields of new species from different localities in the immense area still to be explored.

scholarly journals Systematics, Biostratigraphy, and Dental Evolution of the Palaeothentidae, Later Oligocene to Early–Middle Miocene (Deseadan–Santacrucian) Caenolestoid Marsupials of South America

1993 ◽  
Vol 67 (S29) ◽  
pp. 1-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas M. Bown ◽  
John G. Fleagle
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
South America ◽  
Middle Miocene ◽  
Temporal Analysis ◽  
Tierra Del Fuego ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Santa Cruz ◽  
Incertae Sedis ◽  
The Family ◽  
Continuous Record

The family Palaeothentidae contains some of the dentally more specialized of the small-bodied marsupials of South America and was a clade almost equivalent with the Abderitidae in having been the most abundant caenolestoids. They were unquestionably the most diverse, containing two subfamilies, nine genera, and 19 species, with a distribution ranging from Colombia to Tierra del Fuego. The best and most continuous record of the Palaeothentidae is from Patagonian Argentina where eight genera and 17 species are recognized. There, the Palaeothentidae ranged in age from the Deseadan (later Oligocene) through the late Santacrucian (middle Miocene—the Santacrucian record lasting from about 19.4 m.y. to considerably less than 16.05 m.y. before the present). The family appears to have survived longer in Colombia. The palaeothentine Palaeothentes boliviensis (Bolivia) and the incertae sedis genus and species Hondathentes cazador (Colombia) are the only taxa restricted to an extra-Argentine distribution.Two palaeothentid subfamilies are recognized. The subfamily Acdestinae is new and is erected to accommodate four genera and five species of herbivorous to frugivorous palaeothentids known from the Deseadan through the middle–late Santacrucian. Three of those genera are new (Acdestoides, Acdestodon, and Trelewthentes), as are three acdestine species placed in the genera Acdestodon, Trelewthentes, and Acdestis. The largely faunivorous Palaeothentinae includes four genera and 13 species; the genera Propalaeothentes and Carlothentes are new and new species are described for the genera Propalaeothentes (2) and Palaeothentes (3). Carlothentes is named for Ameghino's Deseadan species Epanorthus chubutensis, and Ameghino's genus Pilchenia is resurrected to accommodate Deseadan P. lucina. New species include: Acdestodon bonapartei, Trelewthentes rothi, Acdestis lemairei, Palaeothentes marshalli, P. migueli, P. pascuali, and Propalaeothentes hatcheri.The Palaeothentinae contains more generalized palaeothentid species than does the Acdestinae, but also includes some very specialized forms. The most generalized known palaeothentid is the Colombian Hondathentes cazador. Both the Acdestinae and Palaeothentinae have large- and small-bodied species; Palaeothentes aratae was the largest palaeothentid (about 550 g), and P. pascuali n. sp. the smallest (about 50 g). The oldest known members of both subfamilies consist of five of the six largest palaeothentids.The evolutionary history of the Palaeothentidae is complicated by thick sequences containing no fossils, several lacunae in sequences that yield fossils, and a continent-wide distribution of localities. By far the densest and most continuous record of the family exists in the coastal Santa Cruz Formation of Patagonian Argentina. Three major clades exist within the Palaeothentidae: 1) the incertae sedis species Hondathentes cazador; 2) the Acdestinae; and 3) the Palaeothentinae (including the new genus Propalaeothentes). The evolution of dental characters in these clades is documented with the aid of 719 new specimens (about 80% of the hypodigm of the family), most of which (about 90% of the new specimens) have precise stratigraphic data.Biostratigraphic study of the new samples was assisted by a new technique of temporal analysis of paleosols and by radiometric age determinations, the latter indicating that the upper part of the Pinturas Formation (16.6 Ma) is older than the lower part of the Santa Cruz Formation (16.4 Ma) and that the top of the marine Monte León Formation (Grupo Patagonica) is older than either (19.4 Ma).Fifty-two gnathic and dental characters were used to identify the taxonomy and to reconstruct the phylogeny of the Palaeothentidae. Analysis of sequencing of appearances of derived characters documents rampant convergences at all taxonomic levels and considerable phenotypic plasticity (variable percent representation of different mutable character morphs) in the organization of the palaeothentid dentition. Certain highly generalized character states survive for the duration of the family in some lineages, whereas others are phenotypically lost for a time and then reappear as a minor percentage of character variability. In general, replacement faunas of palaeothentids were morphologically more generalized than their antecedent forms. The high rate of character mutability and the survival and reappearance of generalized dental characters in the Palaeothentidae were probably related to massive events of pyroclastic deposition that periodically caused at least local extinctions of small mammal populations throughout the duration of the Patagonian middle Tertiary. Dental character regression indicates that palaeothentids arose prior to the Deseadan from a relatively large-bodied marsupial having generalized tribosphenic molars with more or less bunodont cusps; probably an unknown member of the Didelphidae.

New species and combinations in Calvitimela and Tephromela from the southern subpolar region

2011 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 225-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan M. FRYDAY
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
South America ◽  
Falkland Islands ◽  
Marion Island ◽  
New Combinations ◽  
Southern Chile ◽  
Southern South America ◽  
Heard Island ◽  
Campbell Island ◽  
Made In

AbstractThe new species Calvitimela austrochilenis Fryday and Tephromela superba Fryday are described: the former from several collections from southern Chile and one from Marion Island, and the latter from southern South America (including the Falkland Islands), Campbell Island, (New Zealand), and Antarctica. Four new combinations are also made in Tephromela: T. atrocaesia (Nyl. ex Cromb.) Fryday from Îles Kerguelen, Heard Island, South Georgia, and southern South America; T. atroviolacea (Flot.) Fryday from southern South America and Îles Kerguelen; T. lirellina (Darb.) Fryday from only southern South America; and T. skottsbergii (Darb.) Fryday, which is shown to be an earlier name for T. austrolitoralis (Zahlbr.) Kalb & Elix, from throughout the region. Lectotypes are selected for Lecanora atrocaesia and L. atroviolacea. The systematic placement of Tephromela eatonii (Cromb.) Hertel from Kerguelen, Marion Island and Bouvetøya is also discussed but the species is retained in Tephromela.

Notes on South American Carex section Schiedeanae and description of the new species Carex roalsoniana

Phytotaxa ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 260 (2) ◽  
pp. 185 ◽  
Author(s):  
PEDRO JIMÉNEZ-MEJÍAS ◽  
MARCIAL ESCUDERO
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
South America ◽  
The Other ◽  
South American ◽  
South American Species ◽  
Southern South America ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Incertae Sedis ◽  
The North ◽  
Northern South America

The new species Carex roalsoniana (Cyperaceae) from Ecuador and Peru (northern South America) is here described and illustrated. It is related to C. subandrogyna, a species that has been placed in section Schiedeanae. An additional incertae sedis species, Carex lepida from Ecuador, may also be related to them. Section Schiedanae is a morphologically well-defined group previously known from southern North America (southern USA and Mexico), and southern South America (northern Argentina and southern Bolivia). The new species presents very clear-cut characters that distinguish it from all the other members of the section. Specifically, C. roalsoniana and C. subandrogyna differ in utricle morphology (3.6–4.1 mm long, with a beak 0.5–1.2 mm in C. roalsoniana vs. 2.4–2.9 mm long, with a beak up to 0.3 mm long or beakless in C. subandrogyna) and leaves (up to 3–4 mm wide, stiff, in C. roalsoniana vs. up to 5.6–7.5 mm wide, very soft in C. subandrogyna). Carex lepida is easily distinguished from C. roalsoniana and C. subandrogyna because its habit (rhizomes elongated vs. rhizomes densely caespitose) and number of stigmas (two vs. three). The glabrous nerveless utricles of the three South American species distinguish them from the North American species of the section, which have scabrid to hispidulous, conspicuously nerved utricles. The formal ascription of C. lepida among the South American members of section Schiedeanae is also discussed. A brief key to distinguish C. lepida and C. roalsoniana from the other species of the section and the co-occurring species is provided.

Discovery of the westernmost population of the genus Ansonia Stoliczka (Anura, Bufonidae) with the description of a new species from the Shan Plateau of eastern Myanmar

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4656 (3) ◽  
pp. 545-571 ◽  
Author(s):  
EVAN S. H. QUAH ◽  
L. LEE GRISMER ◽  
PERRY L. JR. WOOD ◽  
MYINT KYAW THURA ◽  
JAMIE R. OAKS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Sequence Divergence ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Hind Limbs ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Spot 5 ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Made In

A new species of Ansonia is described from the Shan Plateau of Myanmar based on an integrative taxonomic analysis that differentiates it from all other congeners. Molecular phylogenetic analyses based on the mitochondrial genes 12S and 16S rRNA and tRNA-val recover A. kyaiktiyoensis sp. nov. as the sister species to A. inthanon from Thailand but differs from it and other congeners by at least a 5.0% sequence divergence. It is further differentiated by the following combination of morphological characters: (1) maximum SVL 24 mm in males and females; (2) first finger shorter than second; (3) absence of interorbital and tarsal ridges; (4) presence of light-coloured interscapular spot; (5) presence of yellow rictal tubercle; (6) absence of wide, light-coloured patch below eye; (7) presence of large, discrete, bright-yellow submandibular spots along the underside of lower jaw; (8) iris yellow-gold; (9) presence of markings on the snout consisting of streaks below the eye to the lip, and on the canthus rostralis to the nostril; (10) dorsum grey-brown with orange-beige spots, a dark-brown X-shaped marking on the back surrounding the interscapular spot, and dark-coloured markings on rump; (11) fore- and hind limbs with orange-beige cross-bars; and (12) venter light-gray with yellow spotting, especially near flanks and underside of hind limbs. Ansonia kyaiktiyoensis sp. nov. is the westernmost known record for the genus and the only species west of the Salween Basin. Its discovery echoes the increasing number of herpetological discoveries being made in upland regions fringing the Ayeyarwady and Salween Basins. 

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document