Introducing the new Indian mangrove species, Vaginatispora microarmatispora (Lophiostomataceae) based on morphology and multigene phylogenetic analysis

Phytotaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 329 (2) ◽  
pp. 139 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. DEVADATHA ◽  
V.V. SARMA ◽  
D.N. WANASINGHE ◽  
KEVIN D. HYDE ◽  
E.B.G JONES
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Close Association ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Mangrove Species ◽  
Dichotomous Key ◽  
Distinct Lineage ◽  
Multigene Phylogenetic Analysis

Vaginatispora microarmatispora sp. nov. (Lophiostomataceae) is a new saprobic marine fungal species found on dead intertidal wood of Aegiceras corniculatum collected from Muthupet mangroves, Tamil Nadu, along the south-east coast of India. This species has characters similar to other species of the genus Vaginatispora, but differs in ascospore dimensions. Phylogeny inferred from a combined LSU, SSU, ITS and TEF1 sequence dataset reveal a close association of the new taxon to species of Vaginatispora, but as a distinct lineage. Hence, in this paper, we introduce the new species with illustrations, descriptions and comparison with related taxa. A synopsis of characters of all Vaginatispora species along with a dichotomous key are also provided.

Roussoella guttulata (Roussoellaceae, Pleosporales), a novel bambusicolous ascomycete from Thailand

Phytotaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 471 (3) ◽  
pp. 221-233
Author(s):  
JING-YI ZHANG ◽  
RUNGTIWA PHOOKAMSAK ◽  
SARANYAPHAT BOONMEE ◽  
KEVIN D. HYDE ◽  
DONG-QIN DAI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Tree ◽  
Full Description ◽  
Distinct Lineage ◽  
Thin Walled ◽  
Multigene Phylogenetic Analysis

Roussoella guttulata sp. nov. (Roussoellaceae) was found on bamboo culms collected in the northeast of Thailand. Roussoella guttulata differs from other species in having immersed, gregarious, black pseudoascostromata, single and central ostiole with periphyses, thin-walled peridium composed of cells of textura angularis to textura prismatica and yellowish brown ascospores. The multigene phylogenetic analysis shows that the new species forms a distinct lineage basal to R. hysterioides, R. japanensis, R. scabrispora and R. verrucispora. The new species is compared with closely related Roussoella species. A full description, color photo plates and a phylogenetic tree to show the placement of the new species are provided.

scholarly journals New Taxon of Fungal Endophytes from Phrynium capitatum Willd: A Promising Ethnomedicinal Plant in Northeast India and its Systematic and Phylogenetic Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-36
Author(s):  
Richa Sharma ◽  
◽  
Sumpam Tangjang ◽  
Amritesh C. Shukla ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Fungal Endophytes ◽  
Northeast India ◽  
Fungal Endophyte ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Analgesic Effects ◽  
Ethnomedicinal Plant ◽  
Pestalotiopsis Neglecta

The findings of the current study deal with the first time report on the diversity of fungal endophyte from the ethnomedicinal plant- Phrynium capitatum Willd., (Marantaceae). The plant is growing wildly in the forest of Papum Pare, Arunachal Pradesh, India, and traditionally been used for anti-diabetic, antihyperglycemic or analgesic effects. During the investigation, samples of the plant parts, viz., leaves, stem, and roots were collected for isolation of endophytic spp. The endophytic spp were identified based on the morphological, cultural, and reproductive structures (hyaline, ellipsoidal, aseptate, pycnidia, beta conidia, perithecia, asci, and ascospores). Further, the phylogenetic analysis of the isolated species was made, using the sequences of 5.8S and 28S rDNA internal transcribed spacer sequence 1 and 4. The largest number of fungal endophytes (39%) were isolated from the leaves, followed by the roots (31%) and stems (30%). Overall 35 fungal species have been isolated, out of which, thirty-four belongs to the class Ascomycetes, and one from the class zygomycetes. The highest species richness and frequency of colonization were recorded in the leaf. The observations show that Pestalotiopsis longiseta was the most dominant endophytic species followed by Diplodina microsperma, Nodulisporium hinnuleum, Aspergillus flavus , Diaporthe sp., Nigrospora oryzae and Lasiodiplodia viticola. However, Pestalotiopsis neglecta, Sordaria fimicola, Diplodina microsperma, Fusarium incarnatum, Preussia sp., Diaporthe sp., Aureobasidium sp.were common fungal endophytes isolated from P. capitatum

scholarly journals A new slider turtle (Testudines: Emydidae: Deirochelyinae:Trachemys) from the late Hemphillian (late Miocene/early Pliocene) of eastern Tennessee and the evolution of the deirochelyines

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e4338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven E. Jasinski
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Morphological Evidence ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Strict Consensus Tree ◽  
Fossil Species ◽  
Gray Fossil Site ◽  
Slider Turtle ◽  
Distinct Lineage ◽  
Fossil Site ◽  
A New Species

Trachemys(Testudines: Emydidae) represents one of the most well-known turtle genera today. The evolution ofTrachemys, while being heavily documented with fossil representatives, is not well understood. Numerous fossils from the late Hemphillian Gray Fossil Site (GFS) in northeastern Tennessee help to elucidate its evolution. The fossilTrachemysat the GFS represent a new species. The new taxon,Trachemys haugrudi, is described, and currently represents the most thoroughly described fossil emydid species known. A phylogenetic analysis, including 31 species, focusing on the subfamily Deirochelyinae is performed that includes the new fossil species, along with numerous other modern and fossil deirochelyine species, representing the first phylogenetic analysis published that includes several fossil deirochelyines. The phylogenetic analysis, utilizing morphological evidence, provides monophyletic clades of all modern deirochelyines, includingChrysemys,Deirochelys,Pseudemys,Malaclemys,Graptemys, andTrachemys. A strict consensus tree finds the recently described fossil speciesGraptemys kernerito be part of a clade ofGraptemys+Malaclemys. Three fossil taxa, including one previously referred toPseudemys(Pseudemys caelata) and two toDeirochelys(Deirochelys carriandDeirochelys floridana) are found to form a clade with modernDeirochelys reticularia reticularia, withD. floridanasister to the other members of the clade.Chrysemysis found to be part of a basal polytomy withDeirochelysin relation to other deirochelyine taxa. Two fossil taxa previously referred toChrysemys(Chrysemys timidaandChrysemys williamsi) form a paraphyly with the modernChrysemys picta pictaandDeirochelys, and may be referable to distinct genera. Additionally, fossil taxa previously attributed toTrachemys(Trachemys hillii,Trachemys idahoensis,Trachemys inflata, andTrachemys platymarginata) andT. haugrudiare found to form a clade separate from clades of northern and southernTrachemysspecies, potentially suggesting a distinct lineage ofTrachemyswith no modern survivors. Hypotheses of phylogenetic relationships mostly agree between the present study and previous ones, although the inclusion of fossil taxa provides further clues to the evolution of parts of the Deirochelyinae. The inclusion of more fossil taxa and characters may help resolve the placement of some taxa, and further elucidate the evolution of these New World turtles.

PASTURE ESTABLISHMENT ON EAST COAST NORTH ISLAND HILL COUNTRY

1984 ◽  
pp. 216-218
Author(s):  
B.J. Arnst ◽  
O.L. Park
Keyword(s):  
White Clover ◽  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Return On Investment ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Close Association ◽  
Development Programme ◽  
Low Fertility ◽  
Stock Management ◽  
Hill Country

Large areas of North Island hill country are producing below potential as a result of low fertility and poor pasture composition. Removal of undesirable species and replacement with a higher producing pasture is essential for increased productivity but is difficult to achieve. A development programme is described where the use of glyphosate in close association with oversowing and stock management has allowed rapid pasture establishment, marked increase in carrying capacity and a quick return on investment. Keywords: Pasture establishment, glyphosate, oversowing, white clover, subdivision, productivity.

LegumeDB: Development of Legume Medicinal Plant Database and Comparative Molecular Evolutionary Analysis of matK Proteins of Legumes and Mangroves

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 353-362
Author(s):  
Sambhaji B. Thakar ◽  
Maruti J. Dhanavade ◽  
Kailas D. Sonawane
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Homology Modeling ◽  
Sequence Alignment ◽  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Multiple Sequence Alignment ◽  
Legume Species ◽  
Mangrove Species ◽  
Multiple Sequence ◽  
Thespesia Populnea

Background: Legume plants are known for their rich medicinal and nutritional values. Large amount of medicinal information of various legume plants have been dispersed in the form of text. Objective: It is essential to design and construct a legume medicinal plants database, which integrate respective classes of legumes and include knowledge regarding medicinal applications along with their protein/enzyme sequences. Methods: The design and development of Legume Medicinal Plants Database (LegumeDB) has been done by using Microsoft Structure Query Language Server 2017. DBMS was used as back end and ASP.Net was used to lay out front end operations. VB.Net was used as arranged program for coding. Multiple sequence alignment, phylogenetic analysis and homology modeling techniques were also used. Results: This database includes information of 50 Legume medicinal species, which might be helpful to explore the information for researchers. Further, maturase K (matK) protein sequences of legumes and mangroves were retrieved from NCBI for multiple sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis to understand evolutionary lineage between legumes and mangroves. Homology modeling technique was used to determine three-dimensional structure of matK from Legume species i.e. Vigna unguiculata using matK of mangrove species, Thespesia populnea as a template. The matK sequence analysis results indicate the conserved residues among legume and mangrove species. Conclusion: Phylogenetic analysis revealed closeness between legume species Vigna unguiculata and mangrove species Thespesia populnea to each other, indicating their similarity and origin from common ancestor. Thus, these studies might be helpful to understand evolutionary relationship between legumes and mangroves. : LegumeDB availability: http://legumedatabase.co.in

scholarly journals Antimicrobial susceptibility, serotype distribution, virulence profile and molecular typing of piliated clinical isolates of pneumococci from east coast, Peninsular Malaysia

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurul Diana Dzaraly ◽  
Mohd Nasir Mohd Desa ◽  
AbdulRahman Muthanna ◽  
Siti Norbaya Masri ◽  
Niazlin Mohd Taib ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Serotype Distribution ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Test ◽  
Conjugate Vaccines

AbstractPilus has been recently associated with pneumococcal pathogenesis in humans. The information regarding piliated isolates in Malaysia is scarce, especially in the less developed states on the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia. Therefore, we studied the characteristics of pneumococci, including the piliated isolates, in relation to antimicrobial susceptibility, serotypes, and genotypes at a major tertiary hospital on the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia. A total of 100 clinical isolates collected between September 2017 and December 2019 were subjected to serotyping, antimicrobial susceptibility test, and detection of pneumococcal virulence and pilus genes. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and phylogenetic analysis were performed only for piliated strains. The most frequent serotypes were 14 (17%), 6A/B (16%), 23F (12%), 19A (11%), and 19F (11%). The majority of isolates were resistant to erythromycin (42%), tetracycline (37%), and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (24%). Piliated isolates occurred in a proportion of 19%; 47.3% of them were multidrug-resistant (MDR) and a majority had serotype 19F. This study showed ST236 was the most predominant sequence type (ST) among piliated isolates, which was related to PMEN clone Taiwan19F-14 (CC271). In the phylogenetic analysis, the piliated isolates were grouped into three major clades supported with 100% bootstrap values. Most piliated isolates belonged to internationally disseminated clones of S. pneumoniae, but pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) have the potential to control them.

scholarly journals The Role of Fungi in the Cocoa Production Chain and the Challenge of Climate Change

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 202
Author(s):  
Johannes Delgado-Ospina ◽  
Junior Bernardo Molina-Hernández ◽  
Clemencia Chaves-López ◽  
Gianfranco Romanazzi ◽  
Antonello Paparella
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Close Association ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Production Chain ◽  
Cocoa Production

Background: The role of fungi in cocoa crops is mainly associated with plant diseases and contamination of harvest with unwanted metabolites such as mycotoxins that can reach the final consumer. However, in recent years there has been interest in discovering other existing interactions in the environment that may be beneficial, such as antagonism, commensalism, and the production of specific enzymes, among others. Scope and approach: This review summarizes the different fungi species involved in cocoa production and the cocoa supply chain. In particular, it examines the presence of fungal species during cultivation, harvest, fermentation, drying, and storage, emphasizing the factors that possibly influence their prevalence in the different stages of production and the health risks associated with the production of mycotoxins in the light of recent literature. Key findings and conclusion: Fungi associated with the cocoa production chain have many different roles. They have evolved in a varied range of ecosystems in close association with plants and various habitats, affecting nearly all the cocoa chain steps. Reports of the isolation of 60 genera of fungi were found, of which only 19 were involved in several stages. Although endophytic fungi can help control some diseases caused by pathogenic fungi, climate change, with increased rain and temperatures, together with intensified exchanges, can favour most of these fungal infections, and the presence of highly aggressive new fungal genotypes increasing the concern of mycotoxin production. For this reason, mitigation strategies need to be determined to prevent the spread of disease-causing fungi and preserve beneficial ones.

A new species of the genus Phytocoris (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Miridae: Mirinae) from western Iran

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4446 (4) ◽  
pp. 567
Author(s):  
REZA HOSSEINI ◽  
SAADI MOHAMMADI
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Male Genitalia ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Western Iran ◽  
Dichotomous Key ◽  
The University ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Insect Collection

A new species, Phytocoris (Eckerleinius) hawramanicum sp. nov is described from Iran. A revised dichotomous key to the species of subgenus Eckerleinius Wagner known in Iran and adjacent regions, illustrations of male genitalia and male habitus photographs of this new taxon are provided. Diagnosis of the new species is based on a comparison with other congeneric found from Iran and adjacent countries. The type specimens were deposited in the insect collection of the University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran. 

scholarly journals The putative lissamphibian stem-group: phylogeny and evolution of the dissorophoid temnospondyls

2018 ◽  
Vol 93 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rainer R. Schoch
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Stem Group ◽  
Phylogeny And Evolution

AbstractDissorophoid temnospondyls are widely considered to have given rise to some or all modern amphibians (Lissamphibia), but their ingroup relationships still bear major unresolved questions. An inclusive phylogenetic analysis of dissorophoids gives new insights into the large-scale topology of relationships. Based on a TNT 1.5 analysis (33 taxa, 108 characters), the enigmatic taxonPerryellais found to nest just outside Dissorophoidea (phylogenetic defintion), but shares a range of synapomorphies with this clade. The dissorophoids proper are found to encompass a first dichotomy between the largely paedomorphic Micromelerpetidae and all other taxa (Xerodromes). Within the latter, there is a basal dichotomy between the large, heavily ossified Olsoniformes (Dissorophidae + Trematopidae) and the small salamander-like Amphibamiformes (new taxon), which include four clades: (1) Micropholidae (Tersomius,Pasawioops,Micropholis); (2) Amphibamidae sensu stricto (Doleserpeton,Amphibamus); (3) Branchiosauridae (Branchiosaurus,Apateon,Leptorophus,Schoenfelderpeton); and (4) Lissamphibia. The generaPlatyrhinopsandEoscopusare here found to nest at the base of Amphibamiformes. Represented by their basal-most stem-taxa (Triadobatrachus,Karaurus,Eocaecilia), lissamphibians nest withGerobatrachusrather than Amphibamidae, as repeatedly found by former analyses.UUID:http://zoobank.org/dadf36db-e003-4af7-bfa7-44d79bc04450

scholarly journals First rebbachisaurid sauropod dinosaur from Asia

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. e0246620
Author(s):  
Alexander Averianov ◽  
Hans-Dieter Sues
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Fossil Record ◽  
Upper Cretaceous ◽  
Neural Spine ◽  
Lateral Side ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Caudal Vertebra

Dzharatitanis kingi gen. et sp. nov. is based on an isolated anterior caudal vertebra (USNM 538127) from the Upper Cretaceous (Turonian) Bissekty Formation at Dzharakuduk, Uzbekistan. Phylogenetic analysis places the new taxon within the diplodocoid clade Rebbachisauridae. This is the first rebbachisaurid reported from Asia and one of the youngest rebbachisaurids in the known fossil record. The caudal is characterized by a slightly opisthocoelous centrum, ‘wing-like’ transverse processes with large but shallow PRCDF and POCDF, and the absence of a hyposphenal ridge and of TPRL and TPOL. The neural spine has high SPRL, SPDL, SPOL, and POSL and is pneumatized. The apex of neural spine is transversely expanded and bears triangular lateral processes. The new taxon shares with Demandasaurus and the Wessex rebbachisaurid a high SPDL on the lateral side of the neural spine, separated from SPRL and SPOL. This possibly suggests derivation of Dzharatitanis from European rebbachisaurids. This is the second sauropod group identified in the assemblage of non-avian dinosaurs from the Bissekty Formation, in addition to a previously identified indeterminate titanosaurian.

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