Morphology and molecular data of the species of Suillus (Suillaceae, Boletales) associated with Pinus sibirica at the European northeast of Russia

Phytotaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 490 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-34
Author(s):  
MARINA A. PALAMARCHUK ◽  
DMITRY V. KIRILLOV ◽  
DMITRY M. SHADRIN
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Data ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Pinus Sibirica ◽  
Molecular Approach ◽  
Its2 Rdna ◽  
Rdna Sequences ◽  
Blast Analysis ◽  
The Family ◽  
First Results

The genus Suillus represents the largest genus of the family Suillaceae, forming ectomycorrhizae with coniferous trees. Here, we presented the first results of molecular research (nrITS1-5.8S-ITS2 rDNA sequences) of the specimens of Suillus, forming ectomycorrhizae with Pinus sibirica, at the territory of European northeast of Russia. The six taxa (Suillus acidus var. intermedius, S. placidus, S. plorans subsp. plorans, S. plorans subsp. cyanescens, S. punctipes and S. sibiricus) are identified based on morphological and molecular evidence. The key for identification, full morphological descriptions, the color photos of basidiomata and information on their ecology and distribution in Russia and world are presented for these taxa. On the basis of the molecular approach, we confirmed the relevance of subspecies Suillus plorans subsp. cyanescens previously described only by morphological features. BLAST-analysis of Suillus placidus with untypical for this species brown pileus revealed 99% identity with the specimens of S. placidus from Asia, for which the color of pileus varies from white to brown.

Regarding the taxonomic status of Ophyra Robineau-Desvoidy (Diptera: Muscidae): A molecular approach

Zootaxa ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 712 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
GUILHERME SCHNELL E. SCHUEHLI ◽  
CLAUDIO JOSÉ BARROS DE CARVALHO ◽  
BRIAN M. WIEGMANN
Keyword(s):  
Elongation Factor ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Systematic Position ◽  
Mitochondrial Genes ◽  
Phylogenetic Study ◽  
Molecular Approach ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Elongation Factor 1

The muscid genus Ophyra has long been the subject of debate over its placement within the family. However, a phylogenetic study has never been conducted that would clarify its systematic position. In the present paper, phylogenetic relationships are examined between Ophyra albuquerquei and related muscid genera. The mitochondrial genes Cytochrome Oxidase I and II and tRNA-Leu were used combined with the nuclear genes CAD and Elongation Factor 1 to compose a matrix with 2989 characters (716 parsimonyinformative). These characters were analyzed under parsimony resulting in a single most parsimonious tree. Contrary to some recent classifications, our molecular data suggest the placement of Ophyra albuquerquei within the Muscinae in a separate position from the azeliine genus Hydrotaea.

Morphological and molecular data support the monophyletic nature of the genus Pratylenchoides Winslow, 1958 (Nematoda: Merliniidae) and reveal its intrageneric structuring

Nematology ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 1165-1183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kourosh Azizi ◽  
Ali Eskandari ◽  
Akbar Karegar ◽  
Reza Ghaderi ◽  
Sven van den Elsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Data ◽  
Lsu Rdna ◽  
Rdna Sequences ◽  
The Family ◽  
Lateral Lines ◽  
Male Head ◽  
Single Transition ◽  
Pharyngeal Gland ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data ◽  
The Relationship

The genus Pratylenchoides has recently been transferred from the family Pratylenchidae to Merliniidae. To investigate further the relationship between these ‘Pratylenchus-like’ species (residing in the subfamily Pratylenchoidinae) and the subfamily Merliniinae, more than 500 soil samples were collected from various natural and agronomic habitats in the northern and north-western provinces of Iran. In this study, paratypes or populations of 22 species of Pratylenchoides, including the Iranian populations of P. alkani, P. crenicauda, P. erzurumensis, P. laticauda, P. nevadensis, P. ritteri and an undescribed species, were studied. Intra- and interspecies variation of the following characters were investigated: position of the pharyngeal gland nuclei, shape of female and male head, striation of female tail terminus, number of lateral lines at mid-body and in phasmid region for females, presence of intestinal fasciculi, and shape of sperm. Combining morphological and molecular data prompted us to propose two clusters of related Pratylenchoides species. One cluster includes P. crenicauda, P. variabilis and P. erzurumensis, whereas the second cluster consists of P. alkani, P. nevadensis and P. ritteri. Our data point to a sister positioning of P. magnicauda vis-à-vis all Pratylenchoides species included in this research. Analyses of SSU rDNA (for family and subfamily relationships) and partial LSU rDNA sequences (for intrageneric relationships) data revealed: i) the distal and nested positioning of all Pratylenchoidinae within the Merliniidae; ii) the single transition from ectoparasitism to migratory endoparasitism within the family Merliniidae corresponds with the current subfamily partitioning; and iii) support for the monophyletic nature of the genus Pratylenchoides.

scholarly journals Cretaceous park of sex determination: sex chromosomes are conserved across iguanas

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 20131093 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michail Rovatsos ◽  
Martina Pokorná ◽  
Marie Altmanová ◽  
Lukáš Kratochvíl
Keyword(s):  
Sex Determination ◽  
Sex Chromosomes ◽  
Phylogenetic Diversity ◽  
New World ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Rapid Turnover ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Cretaceous Period

Many poikilothermic vertebrate lineages, especially among amphibians and fishes, possess a rapid turnover of sex chromosomes, while in endotherms there is a notable stability of sex chromosomes. Reptiles in general exhibit variability in sex-determining systems; as typical poikilotherms, they might be expected to have a rapid turnover of sex chromosomes. However, molecular data which would enable the testing of the stability of sex chromosomes are lacking in most lineages. Here, we provide molecular evidence that sex chromosomes are highly conserved across iguanas, one of the most species-rich clade of reptiles. We demonstrate that members of the New World families Iguanidae, Tropiduridae, Leiocephalidae, Phrynosomatidae, Dactyloidae and Crotaphytidae, as well as of the family Opluridae which is restricted to Madagascar, all share homologous sex chromosomes. As our sampling represents the majority of the phylogenetic diversity of iguanas, the origin of iguana sex chromosomes can be traced back in history to the basal splitting of this group which occurred during the Cretaceous period. Iguanas thus show a stability of sex chromosomes comparable to mammals and birds and represent the group with the oldest sex chromosomes currently known among amniotic poikilothermic vertebrates.

Applicability of its Data in Roccellaceae (Arthoniales, Euascomycetes) Phylogeny

1999 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 461-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Myllys ◽  
K. Lohtander ◽  
M. Källersjö ◽  
A. Tehler
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Data ◽  
Ssu Rdna ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacers ◽  
Data Matrix ◽  
Phylogenetic Structure ◽  
Variable Regions ◽  
Rdna Sequences ◽  
The Family ◽  
Its Regions ◽  
Data Matrices

AbstractThe ability of the internal transcribed spacers (ITS regions) of ribosomal DNA to resolve phylogenetic relationships within the euascomycetous order Arthoniales, focusing on the family Roccellaceae was investigated. The effect of alignment on phylogenetic hypotheses was evaluated. A data matrix from the ITS regions was constructed from 33 specimens representing 14 genera, including the outgroup Arthothelium spectabile. Six different alignments were analysed cladistically using parsimony jackknifing. Most groups in the six trees were congruent and well supported under the different alignment settings. In a conservative analysis, where only unambiguously alignable regions were included, the resolution was low. These results indicate that the ITS regions contain phylogenetic structure, and all information, including the variable regions, should be utilised. A data matrix from the SSU rDNA sequences was constructed for the same taxa. The SSU rDNA tree was less resolved than the ITS trees. There were only minor conflicts between the two sources of data and an incongruence test confirmed that the ITS and SSU rDNA data matrices were not significantly incongruent. The six differently aligned data matrices generated from the ITS regions were each combined with the SSUrDNA data. Simultaneous analysis of the combined data sets is the best approach as it uses all available evidence. As with the ITS trees, most groups in the combined trees were congruent and well supported. The SSU rDNA provided resolution within one clade, otherwise the ITS sequences provided most of the signal in the combined analysis, both at the basal nodes and at the tips of the tree. Molecular data clearly indicates that the fruticose/crustose habits have evolved multiple times even in comparatively small groups as in the family Roccellaceae and that the characters such as fruticose-crustose may be overemphasized in morphological analyses.

Redescription of Acanthogyrus (Acanthosentis) maroccanus (Dollfus, 1951) (Acanthocephala: Quadrigyridae), a parasite of the Algerian barb Luciobarbus callensis (Valenciennes) (Cyprinidae) in Algeria, and first molecular data

2019 ◽  
Vol 94 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Menasria ◽  
D. Barčák ◽  
N. Kaouachi ◽  
M. Bensouilah ◽  
T. Scholz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bayesian Inference ◽  
Maximum Likelihood ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Reproductive Structures ◽  
Rdna Sequences ◽  
Northwest Africa ◽  
28S Rdna Sequences ◽  
Cyprinid Fishes

Abstract Acanthogyrus (Acanthosentis) maroccanus (Dollfus, 1951), an insufficiently described quadrigyrid acanthocephalan of cyprinid fishes from Northwest Africa, is redescribed based on recently collected specimens from the Algerian barb Luciobarbus callensis (Valenciennes) in Algeria. Newly observed morphological features for A. (A.) maroccanus include the arrangement of proboscis hooks (not in regular circles), the male reproductive structures extending into the copulatory bursa and the presence of a para-receptacle structure and vaginal sleeve. The mechanism of copulation of this acanthocephalan is described based on several copulating pairs. The phylogenetic position of A. (A.) maroccanus within Eoacanthocephala was assessed based on partial 28S rDNA sequences. Maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference analyses placed A. (A.) maroccanus in a clade with Palliolisentis (Demidueterospinus) ophiocephalus (Thapar, 1931), both species included in the Quadrigyridae, the only family within the Gyracanthocephala.

scholarly journals Gastronautidae Deroux, 1994 and Trithigmostoma Jankowski, 1967: Evolutionary Links Among Cyrtophorian Ciliates (Protista, Ciliophora, and Phyllopharyngea)

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhishuai Qu ◽  
Hongbo Pan ◽  
Congcong Wang ◽  
Honggang Ma ◽  
Thorsten Stoeck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Ssu Rdna ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Special Position ◽  
Morphological Taxonomy ◽  
Rdna Sequences ◽  
Closed Circle ◽  
The Family ◽  
Morphological Research

Studies on cyrtophorian ciliates (Cyrtophoria) have accumulated much knowledge on morphological taxonomy and molecular phylogeny, and the general classification and phylogenetic relationships of most families have thereby been revealed. However, the phylogenetic position of the family Gastronautidae Deroux, 1994 remains uncertain. This is due to the presence of specialized characteristics (in particular a circumoral kinety in a closed circle), and most importantly, the lack of molecular data of this family. In addition, TrithigmostomaJankowski, 1967 holds a special position among genera in Chilodonellidae Deroux, 1976 due to its divergent characteristics. In the present work, we studied a new gastronautid, Gastronauta paraloisi sp. n., and three populations of Trithigmostoma cucullulus (Müller, 1786) Jankowski, 1967, using integrative methods. Species identifications were confirmed by morphological research. We also obtained SSU rDNA sequences, which included the first available sequence of Gastronautidae. The following SSU rDNA-inferred phylogenetic analyses showed that the establishment of the family Gastronautidae is necessary, and Gastronautidae and Trithigmostoma may represent intermediate evolutionary links in the order Chlamydodontida.

scholarly journals Tackling the Taxonomic Challenges in the Family Scoliidae (Insecta, Hymenoptera) Using an Integrative Approach: A Case Study from Southern China

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 892
Author(s):  
Zhen Liu ◽  
Sheng-Jie Yang ◽  
Yu-Yuan Wang ◽  
Yan-Qiong Peng ◽  
Hua-Yan Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cryptic Species ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Integrative Approach ◽  
Morphological Evidence ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
The Family ◽  
Coi Sequences ◽  
Taxonomic Approach

Species of the family Scoliidae are larval parasitoids of scarabaeoid beetles and pollinators of various plants. Despite their great importance in pest biological control and plant pollination, the taxonomy and systematics of these parasitoids are far from clear. Some species of the family are extremely morphologically similar and difficult to identify, especially in males. In this study, an integrative taxonomic approach, combining morphology and molecular data, was used to discriminate the species of Scoliidae from southern China. In total, 52 COI sequences belonging to 22 morphospecies of 9 genera in two tribes were obtained. The COI sequences worked well for the identification of all the studied species, with intraspecific genetic distances generally less than 2%, while interspecific distances ranged between 5.3% and 20.8%. The delimitations of the problematic species and subspecies of Scolia and Megacampsomeris are well solved by COI sequences, suggesting that DNA barcoding could be a useful identification tool for Scoliidae. Based on both morphological and molecular evidence, we discovered one undescribed cryptic species of the polytypic species Solia (Discolia) superciliaris Saussure, 1864, five newly recorded species, i.e., Scolia (Discolia) sikkimensis Bingham, 1896, Sericocampsomeris flavomaculata Gupta and Jonathan, 1989, Megacampsomeris asiatica (Saussure, 1858), Megacampsomeris pulchrivestita (Cameron, 1902) and Megacampsomeris shillongensis (Betrem, 1928) and one pending subspecies of Scolia (Discolia) watanabei (Matsumura, 1912) from China. Our study indicates that such an integrative approach, combing both molecular and morphological evidence, is a potent tool to tackle the taxonomic challenges in the family Scoliidae, or even, in other diverse groups of Aculeata, of which sexual dimorphism and cryptic species are common.

scholarly journals First molecular approach to the octopus fauna from the southern Caribbean

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e7300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena A. Ritschard ◽  
Jürgen Guerrero-Kommritz ◽  
Juan A. Sanchez
Keyword(s):  
Single Species ◽  
Caribbean Region ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Type I ◽  
Molecular Approach ◽  
Southern Caribbean ◽  
The Family ◽  
San Andres ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The octopus fauna from the southern Caribbean is an understudied field. However, recent taxonomic work in the Colombian Caribbean has led to the discovery of several new species in the family Octopodidae. To provide molecular evidence for recent descriptions in the area (i.e., Octopus taganga, O. tayrona and Macrotritopus beatrixi) and contribute to the systematics of the family, we reconstructed the first molecular phylogenies of the family including Colombian Caribbean octopus species. Using cytochrome c oxidase subunit I and rhodopsin sequences from specimens collected in three sites (Santa Marta, Old Providence and San Andrés Islands) we inferred maximum-likelihood trees and delimited species with PTP. Our mitochondrial analysis supported the monophyly of species found in the area (i.e., O. taganga, O. hummelincki and O. briareus). The genetic distinction of the species O. tayrona and O. insularis was not resolved, as these were found in one clade together with Caribbean O. vulgaris and O. aff. tayrona species (O. spB) and delimited as a single species. Additionally, our results suggest a distant relationship of the Type I O. vulgaris group (Caribbean region) from the other forms of the species complex (Old World and Brazil). Lastly, the third newly described species M. beatrixi emerged as an independent lineage and was delimited as a single species. However, its relationship to other species of its genus remains unknown due to the lack of sequences in databases. Altogether, our molecular approach to the octopus fauna from the southern Caribbean adds on information to the relationship of Octopodidae species world-wide by providing sequences from recently described species from an understudied region. Further studies employing higher taxon sampling and more molecular information are needed to fill taxonomic gaps in the area and account for single-locus resolution on the systematics of this group.

Cnidocysts of Caryophylliidae and Dendrophylliidae (Cnidaria: Scleractinia): Taxonomic Distribution and Phylogenetic Implications

Zootaxa ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 3135 (1) ◽  
pp. 35 ◽  
Author(s):  
NATASHA PICCIANI ◽  
DÉBORA O. PIRES ◽  
HÉLIO R. SILVA
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Anatomical Studies ◽  
Taxonomic Distribution ◽  
Phylogenetic Implications ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Mesenterial Filaments

Caryophylliidae Dana, 1846 and Dendrophylliidae Gray, 1847 are families of widespread hard corals (order Scleractinia) composed mainly of azooxanthellate corals. A growing body of molecular data has provided new insights on hard-coral evolution, suggesting that many of the traditionally recognized families are not monophyletic. The morphology of the skeletal parts has been the only source of evidence for the taxonomy of the group for many years. Soft anatomy has been less explored, and recently, with the increased use of molecular evidence, anatomical studies have decreased in importance. As a result, for many taxa, we know little or nothing about variation in soft tissue morphology and their use for systematics has never been explored. In this study we examined the cnidocysts of two species of caryophylliids and of four dendrophylliids, and synthesized previous studies on the subject. We performed a morphological phylogenetic analysis, based on eight informative characters, which includes eight species of dendrophylliids and 11 caryophylliid taxa. Five taxa belonging to the families Poritidae, Flabellidae, and Fungiacyathidae were also scored for these morphological characters. The aims were to investigate the diversity of cnidocysts in members of the two families and test the monophyly of Dendrophylliidae. The data support a dendrophylliid clade and indicate the presence of b-rhabdoids (1) in mesenterial filaments as a synapomorphy of the family. The taxonomic distribution of two other characters contradicts the clade (Dendrophylliidae + Poritidae) suggested by molecular analyses. Our results reinforce the relevance of soft tissue studies in hard-corals to reconstructing their phylogeny.

Hermatomyces trangensis sp. nov., a new dematiaceous hyphomycete (Hermatomycetaceae, Pleosporales) on sugar palm in Thailand

Phytotaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 391 (5) ◽  
pp. 277 ◽  
Author(s):  
SALILAPORN NUANKAEW ◽  
SATINEE SUETRONG ◽  
TUKSADON WUTIKHUN ◽  
UMPAWA PINRUAN
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Lateral View ◽  
Lsu Rdna ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Rdna Its ◽  
The Family ◽  
Southern Thailand ◽  
Peripheral Cells

A new species of a hyphomycetous fungus, Hermatomyces trangensis, was collected during an investigation of the diversity of palm fungi in Na Yong district, Trang province, Southern Thailand, and is introduced in this paper based on morphological and molecular evidence. The fungus is characterized by the production of only one type of conidia, globose or subglobose in front view, broadly ellipsoidal or oblong in lateral view, with dark brown to black central cells and subhyaline to pale brown peripheral cells and sporulation in culture. Phylogenetic analyses of combined SSU rDNA, LSU rDNA, ITS rDNA, TEF1 and RPB2 sequence data using maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference approaches placed the fungus within a strongly supported clade with other Hermatomyces species within the family Hermatomycetaceae (Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes). Morphologically, it is similar to other taxa with only one type of conidia such as H. sphaericus, H. sphaericoides and H. verrucosus but molecular data clearly support H. trangensis as distinct from those species.

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