Diversity of the genus \(\textit{Camellia}\) L. (Theaceae) in Lam Dong province

Through field survey and morphological research, this study has determined that the Camellia genus in Lam Dong province, Vietnam has a high diversity of morphological, distribution and taxa characteristics. The species of Camellia genus in Lam Dong province are mostly shrubs and small trees. The narrow oblong leaves are a very common and typical characteristic for Camellia in Lam Dong province. The flowers of the species of Camellia are diverse with four main colours is white, yellow, pink and purple. The fruits are globose, flattened globose, wrinkled or uneven edges. Especially, the obovoid fruit only occurs in Lam Dong province. Most of the species of Camellia genus in this province are endemic. The study has added ten species of the Camellia genus, brings the total of species of Camellia genus to Lam Dong province to between sixteen and twenty six. This is the first study to evaluate Camellia diversity in Lam Dong province. It is also the first complete statistics on the number of species of Camellia genus in Lam Dong province to confirm that this province is the second diversity centre of Camellia of Vietnam following the first centre in the North of Vietnam.

Species Relationship and Population Differentiation In Stellaria L. (Caryophyllaceae) Of Iran Using Scot Molecular Marker and Morphological Data

Recognition of species is essential in a variety of domains, most remarkably biology, biogeography, ecology, as well as conservation. The genus Stellaria L. (Caryophyllaceae) has over 120 species spread across Europe and Asia's temperate zones. According to the most remarkable current treatments, nine species recognize Stellaria in Iran. These species are categorized into two types. Despite the broad distribution of several Stellaria species in Iran, no research on their genetic variability, method of divergence, or dispersion trends is accessible. As a result, we conducted genetic and morphological research on six Stellaria species and two of their closest relatives gathered from various habitats in Iran. This research aims to 1) Can SCoT markers be utilized to recognize Stellaria species? 2) What are the genetic characteristics of the mentioned taxa in Iran? and 3) To examine the interrelation of the species. In this research, ten SCoT markers were employed for molecular analysis, and 112 accessions were utilized for morphological study. The genetic distances were calculated using the Jaccard similarity coefficient, and descriptive data on the populations were used to estimate genetic parameters. There were 98 polymorphic bands all over. The integration of morphological and SCoT data demonstrated that the Stellaria species of Iran could be delimited and recognized. The Stellaria species are genetically unique; however, they share some similar alleles, according to AMOVA and STRUCTURE analyses. Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 28(2): 317-328, 2021 (December)

Estimation Of Pathomorphological Peculiarities Of Perivulnar Tissue After Ultrasonic Curettage Of Pilonidal Cysts Of Sacro-Coccygeal Region

The results of morphological research of operative wound’s tissue after ultrasonic curettage of acute pilonidal abscess are presented in the article. 13 patients were treated using the offered method, and of these, 11 patients underwent morphological research of the wound’s walls. Areas of the mucoid degeneration of the fibrous connective tissue and fragments of coagulation necrosis were identified, as a result of low-frequency ultrasound. The morphological substrates of recurrence pilonidal sinus, such as stratified squamous epithelium and hair follicles, were not found in any preparation, The offered method of treatment allows for ambulatory primary radical treatment in theacute stage of pilonidal illness. The offered method of ultrasonic curettage of the pilonidal sinus requires more scientific research and monitoring.

Reducing soft-tissue shrinkage artefacts caused by staining with Lugol’s solution

Diffusible iodine-based contrast-enhanced computed tomography (diceCT) is progressively used in clinical and morphological research to study developmental anatomy. Lugol’s solution (Lugol) has gained interest as an effective contrast agent; however, usage is limited due to extensive soft-tissue shrinkage. The mechanism of Lugol-induced shrinkage and how to prevent it is largely unknown, hampering applications of Lugol in clinical or forensic cases where tissue shrinkage can lead to erroneous diagnostic conclusions. Shrinkage was suggested to be due to an osmotic imbalance between tissue and solution. Pilot experiments pointed to acidification of Lugol, but the relation of acidification and tissue shrinkage was not evaluated. In this study, we analyzed the relation between tissue shrinkage, osmolarity and acidification of the solution during staining. Changes in tissue volume were measured on 2D-segmented magnetic resonance and diceCT images using AMIRA software. Partial correlation and stepwise regression analysis showed that acidification of Lugol is the main cause of tissue shrinkage. To prevent acidification, we developed a buffered Lugol’s solution (B-Lugol) and showed that stabilizing its pH almost completely prevented shrinkage without affecting staining. Changing from Lugol to B-Lugol is a major improvement for clinical and morphological research and only requires a minor adaptation of the staining protocol.

Ultrastructure of the hemomicrocirculatory bed and parenchymatous-stromal elements of the pancreas and liver in a model of acute pancreatitis using different doses of L-arginin

Background. The development of acute pancreatitis is not limited to isolated damage to the pancreas. After creating models of acute pancreatitis using various substances that enhance the secretion of the gland, have a toxic or local activating effect, the researchers showed their dose-dependent effect. The question of the reaction of the hepatic microcirculation system during the development of acute pancreatitis, as well as their pathogenetic significance in the development of pathomorphological changes in the pancreas and liver in most aspects remains open. Objective. The purpose of the current study was to define the role of the hepatic mircocirculation in development of ultrastructural parenchymatous-stromal changes of the pancreas and liver in a model of acute pancreatitis using different doses of L-arginin. Methods. The variants of acute pancreatitis model were used with injection of L-arginin in dosage 3 g/kg; 4 g/kg and 5 g/kg. The morphological research of pancreas and liver were carried out in 1, 4, 8, 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours after initiation of inflammation. Results. The visible reaction of hepatic mircocirculation in the experimental model of acute pancreatitis was depended on character of pathomorphological changes in pancreas. This reaction demonstrated the phase character including: 1) activation of hepatic circulation, first of all in portal component, against a background of pancreatic enzyme toxemia; 2) development of inflammatory, dystrophic, destructive and necrotic changes in hepatic parenchyme together with mircocirculation disorders against a background of pancreatic necrotic toxemia; 3) recovery and adaptation or decompensation processes in mircocirculation system of liver and hepatic parenchyme depending on the degree of pancreatogenic toxemia|. Conclusion. Within 72 hours of the experiment, at the lowest and middling doses of L-arginin, in the context of reduction of acute pancreatitis, there is a gradual renovation of the structure of the microvessels and normalization of the microcirculation of the liver. In the maximum doses L-arginin cause degradation of the liver microvessels with the progression of hemorrhages, slit red blood cells and platelet aggregation, which causes blockage of the microcirculation and the development of necrotic changes in the hepatic parenchyma.

Morphological Assessment of the Effect of Nanosecond Diode Laser Radiation With a Wavelength of 1265 nm on Periodontal Tissue in the Treatment of Apical Periodontitis: An Experimental Study

Introduction: There is a morphological assessment of the damaged area and the inflammatory response of periodontal tissues after therapy. It seems relevant to evaluate the reaction of the periapical tissues of the teeth of experimental animals after the treatment of simulated apical periodontitis using laser photodynamic therapy (PDT) and non-pigment laser transcanal microablation using morphological research. Methods: The lower incisors of 15 rabbits were used to simulate acute apical periodontitis of pulpal origin. Subsequently, the traditional treatment of teeth canals using mechanical cleaning and irrigation with antiseptic solution started. Then, three groups underwent different therapies - using PDT (n = 5; photosensitizer chlorin e6, [l = 660 nm, 60 mW/cm2 ] for 2 minutes), using a new technology of transcanal laser ablation (n = 5; diode laser [l = 1265 nm, 180 mW/cm2 ] for 3 minutes), and without additional treatment (n = 5). Laser therapy in two groups was carried out for 10 days once in 2 days. The animals were euthanized 10 days after the treatment started, decapitation was performed, and morphological specimens were studied under a microscope. Descriptive analysis (study of inflammatory apical infiltrate, bone regeneration of the alveoli and periodontal ligament) and quantitative analysis were performed. The data were statistically processed using the Kruskal-Wallis test. Results: The group treated with the new laser technology showed the best results with moderate lymph-macrophage infiltration and congested vessels, moderate neoangiogenesis and fibrogenesis. The size of the lesion was 506.4 mm2 , compared with the PDT group - 872.0 mm2 (P≤0.05). Conclusion: A decrease in the focus of inflammation, moderate neoangiogenesis and fibrogenesis in the periapical region when using transcanal laser microablation indicate the prospects of using the new technology in clinical practice in the complex therapy of apical periodontitis.

MORPHOLOGICAL RESEARCH USAGE OF BIOPLAST - DENT IN EXPERIMENT

The work represents experimental and morphological studies of regeneration of damaged areas of maxillo-facial bones. Time course of healing of induced defects in the low jaw bone filled with bioplast - dent and was studied in experimental rabbits. On days 7, 14, 21 and 28 four rabbits from each group were killed and the defect investigated by X-ray and histological methods. We stained the micropreparations ith hematoxilineeosine. Bioplast - dent granulate exerted the best effect on bone repair. In experiments with bioplast - dent, bone regenerate replaced up to one half of the area of defect by day 28.

RISK ASSESSMENT FOR EMPLOYEES USING PICOLINAFEN-BASED HERBICIDE

The aim of this work is to conduct a hygienic risk assessment for workers when using a herbicide based on picolinafen and to study its cumulative properties in a subacute experiment on male white rats. Material and methods. The object of the study was a herbicide based on picolinafen (CAS No. 37641-05-5). The content in the preparation is 21 g/l. The treatment was carried out by spraying wheat at a consumption rate of 3.5 l/ha and a working solution of 250 l/ha. The risk assessment for employees was carried out in accordance with the current technical regulatory legal acts. The toxic effect in a subacute experiment was studied with daily intragastric administration of picolinafen-based herbicide to male white rats for 28 days. At the end of the experiment the indices of the blood morphofunctional state, as well as those of hormonal and biochemical status were determined. Results. In the field, when carrying out mechanical treatments in compliance with the regulations for the use of the drug, there was no excess of the hygienic standards of the active substance in the air of the working area and there was no deterioration in working conditions. The total risk of dermal and inhalation exposure for the workers made up 0.015 and did not exceed the permissible level. The introduction of the herbicide based on picolinafen in a subacute experiment to rats at doses of 50.0, 300.0 and 900.0 mg/kg does not contribute to the development of lethal outcomes. According to the classification this preparation belongs to the substances with weakly expressed cumulation. However, the effect of a dose of 900.0 mg/kg of the drug initiated a statistically significant decrease in the relative coefficients of the liver mass by 12.5%, an increase in the content of leukocytes and platelets by 15.7% and 15.5%, respectively, against the background of a decreased average volume of platelets by 18,6%. Conclusions. The research results made it possible to evaluate the picolinafen-based herbicide as a drug with an acceptable risk for workers in the agro-industrial complex. Under the conditions of a subacute experiment, a dose of 300.0 mg/kg of the herbicide can be accepted as a threshold (inactive), however, additional experiments are required with the use of morphological research methods, as well as experiments with a longer exposure period and an increase in the levels of administered doses.

OBTAINING NEW THIN WALLED TUBULAR STRUCTURES THROUGH MATRIX MORPHOLOGICAL RESEARCH

New products based on a structure that represents a combination of known elements in a higher quality set, as well as products that refer to new shapes, new curves, new surfaces can be obtained logically - analytically - deductively or by methods specific to the optimal calculation. The present paper focuses on the method of analyzing tridimensional morphology, some possible solutions being evaluated on value criteria. Of course, these methods can be applied in the field of engineering with very good results. The focus of this study is to obtain new thin walled tubular structures - such as car crash members - which in the case of axial shock loads have a higher predictable behavior compared to those already used in various technical fields. Following the study, it can be said that depending on the amount of absorbed energy in the case of axial collisions and the absorption of kinetic energy developed at the time of impact, the optimal crashworthiness solution could be tubular structures with a circular support base and rectangular deformable area for impact.