On Rubus ulmifolius (Rosaceae) and related taxa

P. PABLO FERRER-GALLEGO; ABRAHAM VAN DE BEEK

doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.523.2.3

On Rubus ulmifolius (Rosaceae) and related taxa

Phytotaxa ◽

10.11646/phytotaxa.523.2.3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 523 (2) ◽

pp. 155-166

Author(s):

P. PABLO FERRER-GALLEGO ◽

ABRAHAM VAN DE BEEK

Keyword(s):

Rubus Ulmifolius

Nomenclature issues in the genus Rubus are discussed. In particular, R. ulmifolius and six related names, R. creticus, R. sanctus, R. parviflorus, R. vulgaris, R. non-spinosus, and R. inermis, are discussed. Further support is provided for the suggestions that these seven names are used for only one species. The names R. creticus, R. sanctus and R. parviflorus are homotypic, being R. sanctus and R. parviflorus illegitimate. A lectotype is designated for R. non-spinosus from an image of Barrelier. An epitype is selected for R. vulgaris from a modern specimen collected in Italy and preserved at L.

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Antioxidant, Antihypertensive and Antimicrobial Properties of Phenolic Compounds Obtained from Native Plants by Different Extraction Methods

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18052475 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (5) ◽

pp. 2475

Author(s):

Francisco Ramiro Boy ◽

Rocío Casquete ◽

Ana Martínez ◽

María de Guía Córdoba ◽

Santiago Ruíz-Moyano ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Phenolic Compounds ◽

Native Plants ◽

Antimicrobial Properties ◽

Extraction Methods ◽

Ultra Sound ◽

Antihypertensive Activity ◽

Ultrasound Extraction ◽

Rubus Ulmifolius ◽

Cistus Salviifolius

This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of two methods (agitation and ultra-sound) for extracting phenolic compounds from 15 native plants. Plant species collected in the Dehesa of Extremadura were used. The antioxidant, antihypertensive and antimicrobial activity of the phenolic extracts was investigated. Significantly different results were obtained when comparing the two extraction methods, with the highest concentrations of phenolic compounds found for ultrasound extraction. In addition, the extracts obtained for Cistus albidus, Cistus salviifolius, Rubus ulmifolius and Quercus ilex showed the highest concentrations of phenolic compounds. The antioxidant activity was higher in the extracts of Cistus and Q. ilex obtained by ultrasound, as was the antihypertensive activity. Antimicrobial activity was also higher in the extracts obtained by ultrasound from C. salviifolius and Q. ilex plants against bacteria and from Cistus ladanifer against yeasts. Therefore, it can be concluded that, with the ultrasound extraction of phenolic compounds from C. ladanifer, C. albidus and Q. ilex plants, it is possible to obtain extracts with important functional properties, so they could be studied for their use in food with the aim of obtaining healthy and safe products, favouring the sustainability of the environment of the Dehesa Extremeña.

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Competitividad y rentabilidad de la producción de frutillas en Jalisco

Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Agrícolas ◽

10.29312/remexca.v11i8.2595 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (8) ◽

pp. 1815-1826

Author(s):

Edgar Ricardo Lagunes-Fortiz ◽

Erika Lagunes Fortiz ◽

Alma Alicia Gómez-Gómez ◽

Juan Antonio Leos-Rodríguez ◽

José Miguel Omaña-Silvestre

Keyword(s):

Rubus Idaeus ◽

Rubus Ulmifolius

Durante 2017, Jalisco fue el segundo estado con mayor aportación al PIB agrícola nacional (SIAP, 2020). El cultivo de berries es una importante actividad socioeconómica de este estado, los cuales incluyen el arándano (Vaccinium spp.), frambuesa (Rubus idaeus) y zarzamora (Rubus ulmifolius). Jalisco es el principal productor de frambuesa, el segundo de zarzamora, y el cuarto de fresa (Fragaria spp.) a nivel nacional (FIRA, 2016). Sin embargo, se percibe que a diferencia de los cultivos de fresa y zarzamora, la superficie cultivada de frambuesa incrementó en los últimos años, dicho incremento no puede ser explicado por cambios en el precio o rendimiento sino por otros factores. El objetivo del estudio fue determinar si hubo distorsiones en los mercados que pudieron haber influido en la elección de los productores de Jalisco por algún tipo de berry en particular. Se partió de la hipótesis, que de los berries, la frambuesa tuvo una mayor ventaja competitiva o comparativa. Para medir el grado de distorsión del mercado se aplicó la metodología de la matriz de análisis de políticas. Los resultados indican que los tres tipos de berries fueron rentables; sin embargo, algunas distorsiones económicas beneficiaron a la frambuesa y zarzamora, e impactaron negativamente al cultivo de fresa, además existió un gran subsidio a las ganancias del cultivo de frambuesa. Se concluye que distorsiones creadas por el mercado y el gobierno influyeron en la elección del tipo de berry a sembrar por los productores, favoreciendo la producción de frambuesa.

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Preference by Donkeys and Goats among Five Mediterranean Forest Species: Implications for Reducing Fire Hazard

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani10081302 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (8) ◽

pp. 1302

Author(s):

Jordi Bartolomé ◽

Jordi Miró ◽

Xavier Panadès ◽

Maria José Broncano ◽

Josefina Plaixats ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Forest Fires ◽

Pinus Halepensis ◽

Fire Hazard ◽

Mediterranean Forest ◽

Mediterranean Forests ◽

Forest Species ◽

Rubus Ulmifolius ◽

Key Species ◽

The Mediterranean ◽

Cafeteria Test

During the second half of the 20th century, European countries experienced an increase in their forest area due to the global change. Consequently, there has been an increase in large forest fires, mainly in the Mediterranean basin, and this has forced the development of several types of prevention programs. One of them is the control of the understory by livestock. In this sense, browsing with a combination of donkeys and goats could be a good option, as both animals usually feed on forest species. However, little is known about their preferences for the key species of the Mediterranean forest. Using a cafeteria test, the preferences and consumption of both animals have been determined for five typical species of the Mediterranean forest, such as Quercus ilex, Pinus halepensis, Phillyrea latifolia, Rubus ulmifolius, and Brachypodium retusum. Results showed that donkeys and goats could act complementarily in the reduction of the fuel biomass of forests. Donkeys appear to act more on fine fuel, such as B. retusum, and goats on the more pyrophyte species, in this case P. halepensis. In addition, given that donkeys are at severe risk of extinction in Europe, this role of providing ecosystem services could contribute to their conservation. Despite this study only showing that goats and donkeys would consume all five presented plant species and that there are some differences in consumption during a short-term test, it constitutes a useful first step for conservation and fire prevention in the Mediterranean forests.

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Update and New Epidemiological Aspects about Grapevine Yellows in Chile

Pathogens ◽

10.3390/pathogens9110933 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (11) ◽

pp. 933 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Nicolás Quiroga ◽

Camila Gamboa ◽

Daniela Soto ◽

Ana Maria Pino ◽

Alan Zamorano ◽

...

Keyword(s):

South America ◽

Plant Species ◽

Brassica Rapa ◽

Host Plants ◽

Alternative Host ◽

Infection Rates ◽

Grapevine Yellows ◽

Rubus Ulmifolius ◽

Pcr Rflp ◽

Study Management

To date, phytoplasmas belonging to six ribosomal subgroups have been detected to infect grapevines in Chile in 36 percent of the sampled plants. A new survey on the presence of grapevine yellows was carried out from 2016 to 2020, and 330 grapevine plants from the most important wine regions of the country were sampled and analyzed by nested PCR/RFLP analyses. Phytoplasmas enclosed in subgroups 16SrIII-J and 16SrVII-A were identified with infection rates of 17% and 2%, respectively. The vineyards in which the phytoplasma-infected plants were detected were further inspected to identify alternative host plants and insects of potential epidemiological relevance. Five previously unreported plant species resulted positive for 16SrIII-J phytoplasma (Rosa spp., Brassica rapa, Erodium spp., Malva spp. and Rubus ulmifolius) and five insect species were fully or partially identified (Amplicephalus ornatus, A. pallidus, A. curtulus, Bergallia sp., Exitianus obscurinervis) as potential vectors of 16SrIII-J phytoplasmas. The 16SrVII-A phytoplasmas were not detected in non-grape plant species nor in insects. This work establishes updated guidelines for the study, management, and prevention of grapevine yellows in Chile, and in other grapevine growing regions of South America.

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