Systematics and biogeography of the spider genus Mallinella Strand, 1906, with descriptions of new species and new genera from Southeast Asia (Araneae, Zodariidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3369 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
PAKAWIN DANKITTIPAKUL ◽  
RUDY JOCQUÉ ◽  
TIPPAWAN SINGTRIPOP
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Plate Tectonics ◽  
Indian Subcontinent ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Indian Species ◽  
As Species ◽  
History Of ◽  
Nomina Dubia ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
First Time

The systematics status of the spider genus Mallinella Strand, 1906 (Araneae, Zodariidae), the phylogenetic relationshipof the species within the genus and its relationships to other zodariids were investigated by means of cladistic analysis ofmorphological data. Mallinella is redefined and characterized by a single synapomorphy: the presence of posterior ventralspines situated in front of the spinnerets arranged in a single row. The genus is clearly palaeotropical, occurring in Africa,Indian subcontinent, Indo-Burma, Sundaland, Wallacea and Polynesia-Micronesia.Two hundred and two (202) Mallinella species are treated. One hundred and one (101) species are described as newand placed in twenty-two (22) species-groups, making Mallinella the largest zodariid genus. Nineteen (19) species are redescribed, the conspecific sex of seven (7) species is discovered and described for the first time. Fifteen (15) new com-binations are proposed. Nine (9) Storena species are here transferred to Mallinella: M. beauforti (Kulczyński, 1911) comb.nov., M. sciophana (Simon, 1901) comb. nov., M. sobria (Thorell, 1890) comb. nov., M. fasciata (Kulczyński, 1911)comb. nov., M. vicaria (Kulczyński, 1911) comb. nov., M. redimita (Simon, 1905) comb. nov., M. melanognatha (van Has-selt, 1882) comb. nov., M. nilgherina (Simon, 1906) comb. nov., M. vittata (Thorell, 1890) comb. nov. Two Storena spe-cies are transferred to Asceua: A. dispar (Kulczyński, 1911) comb. nov., A. quinquestrigata (Simon, 1905) comb. nov. OneStorena species is transferred to Oedignatha (Liocranidae): O. aleipata (Marples, 1955) comb. nov. One Storena speciesis transferred to Cybaeodamus: C. lentiginosus (Simon, 1905) comb. nov. Storena tricolor Simon, 1908 is transferred tothe Asteron complex of Australia. Three Storena and two Mallinella species are misplaced; they belong to undescribedgenera (S. kraepelini Simon, 1905; S. lesserti Berland, 1938; S. parvula Berland, 1938; M. khanhoa Logunov, 2010; M.rectangulata Zhang et al., 2011). Mallinella vittata (Thorell, 1890) comb. nov. is revalidated and removed from the syn-onymy with M. zebra (Thorell, 1881). Storena vittata Caporiacco, 1955 is removed from homonym replacement (S. ca-poriaccoi Brignoli, 1983) with S. vittata Thorell, 1890 (= M. vittata comb. nov.). Storena annulipes Thorell, 1892 isremoved from its preoccupied name with S. annulipes (L. Koch, 1867) in Storena and transferred to Mallinella; its re-placement name S. cinctipes Simon, 1893 is suppressed.Zodarion luzonicum Simon, 1893, Storena multiguttata Simon, 1893, S. semiflava Simon, 1893 and S. obnubila Si-mon, 1901 are regarded as nomina dubia. Six Indian species were misplaced in Storena; they belong to one of the follow-ing genera: Mallinella, Heliconilla gen. nov., Workmania gen. nov., Heradion, or Euryeidon. These taxa are S. arakuensisPatel & Reddy, 1989, S. debasrae Biswas & Biswas, 1992, S. dibangensis Biswas & Biswas, 2006, S. gujaratensis Tikader& Patel, 1975, S. indica Tikader & Patel, 1975 and S. tikaderi Patel & Reddy, 1989. They are regarded as species incertaesedis.A new genus, Heliconilla gen. nov., is proposed for nine species, six of which are new to science while the otherthree are transferred from Mallinella and Storena. These taxa are: H. irrorata (Thorell, 1887) comb. nov., H. oblonga(Zhang & Zhu, 2009) comb. nov., H. thaleri (Dankittipakul & Schwendinger, 2009) comb. nov.Workmania gen. nov. is established to accommodate two species from Southeast Asia; W. juvenca (Workman, 1896)comb. nov. is transferred from Storena.It is unlikely that the origin of Mallinella dates back more than 100 MYA. Mallinella or its ancestor is believed tohave evolved during the Cretaceous, after the separation of South America from Gondwana, and the greater part of itsevolution took place during the Tertiary. The Asian-Australian lineages of Mallinella could migrate to India via GreaterSomalia before or after the K-T extinction (65 MYA), before the Indian subcontinent joined Asia (ca. 45 MYA).The bio-geographic history of the genus involves plate tectonics during the Cretaceous and the Cenozoic in combination with cli-matic changes and alternating climatic cycles which might have led to episodes of range expansion, isolation of populations and allopatric speciation.

A review of the non-lyctine powder-post beetles of Yunnan (China) with a new genus and new species (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 5091 (4) ◽  
pp. 501-545
Author(s):  
YI-FENG ZHANG ◽  
LING-ZENG MENG ◽  
ROGER A. BEAVER
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Yunnan Province ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Southwest China ◽  
Geological History ◽  
Yunnan Region ◽  
Palearctic Region ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Time

The powder post beetles (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) (except Lyctinae) of Yunnan Province in Southwest China are reviewed for the first time. Keys to twenty-six genera and fifty-two species from the Yunnan region are provided. One new genus and seven new species are described: Dinoderus (Dinoderastes) hongheensis sp. nov., Dinoderus (Dinoderastes) nanxiheensis sp. nov., Gracilenta yingjiangensis gen. nov., sp. nov., Calonistes vittatus sp. nov., Calophagus colombiana sp. nov., Xylodrypta guochuanii sp. nov. and Xylodrypta zhenghei sp. nov.. Fourteen species are recorded in China for the first time. The bostrichid fauna of Yunnan is compared with those of the neighbouring bio-geographically related Southeast Asian and Himalayan regions. The fauna has a close affinity with that of tropical Southeast Asia and a much weaker relationship with the Palearctic region. The differences with the Himalayas may reflect the separate evolutionary and complex geological history of the two areas.

scholarly journals A new micropolydesmoid millipede of the genus Eutrichodesmus Silvestri, 1910 from Cambodia, with a key to species in mainland Southeast Asia (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Haplodesmidae)

ZooKeys ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 996 ◽  
pp. 59-91
Author(s):  
Ruttapon Srisonchai ◽  
Natdanai Likhitrakarn ◽  
Chirasak Sutcharit ◽  
Ekgachai Jeratthitikul ◽  
Warut Siriwut ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Mating Behaviour ◽  
Morphological Evidence ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Key To Species ◽  
Current Distributions ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
First Time ◽  
Mainland Southeast Asia

The micropolydesmoid millipede family Haplodesmidae is here recorded from Cambodia for the first time through the discovery of the first, new species of the genus Eutrichodesmus Silvestri, 1910: E. cambodiensissp. nov. This new species is described from two limestone habitats in Kampot Province, based on abundant material. It is easily distinguished from all related congeners by the following combination of characters: body greyish-brown; limbus roundly lobulate; solenomere partially divided from acropodite by a digitiform lobe, but without hairpad. Brief remarks on the previously-proposed “pecularis-group” are provided and a second group, the “demangei-group”, is established and discussed on the basis of morphological evidence, updating the number of recognised species groups of Eutrichodesmus to two. Detailed morphological illustrations, photographs and a distribution map, as well as remarks on its habitat and mating behaviour of the new species are presented. Furthermore, the current distributions of all 55 presently-known species of Eutrichodesmus are provided and a key to all 23 species that occur in mainland Southeast Asia is given.

Revision of the cluster-flies of the Pollenia venturii species-group, with a cladistic analysis of Palaearctic species of Pollenia Robineau-Desvoidy (Diptera: Calliphoridae)

1992 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Knut Rognes
Keyword(s):  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Palaearctic Species ◽  
Internal Wall ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
First Time ◽  
Female Reproductive Organs

AbstractWithin Pollenia Robineau-Desvoidy a venturii species-group is defined and revised. It consists of a single species P. venturii Zumpt. P. solitaria Grunin is proposed as a junior synonym. It is characterized by unique features in the male aedeagus and the lateral sacs of the internal female reproductive organs. Male and female terminalia are illustrated, the latter for the first time. A preliminary cladistic analysis of all known Palaearctic species of Pollenia (except P. japonica Kano & Shinonaga) suggests that the sister-group of P. venturii is a clade consisting of the viatica + vagabunda + amentaria + haeretica species-groups. A sclerotized internal wall of the lateral sacs in the internal reproductive system of female Pollenia appears to be a parallelism developed independently in the venturii, rudis, most members of the tenuiforceps and some members of the semicinerea groups, rather than an underlying synapomorphy. P. venturii is known from France, Germany, Greece, Italy and Russia. A key is provided to species-groups in Pollenia.

A cladistic and biogeographic analysis of Chinese Neopsylla Wagner (Siphonaptera : Ctenophthalmidae)

2003 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang Lu ◽  
Houyong Wu
Keyword(s):  
Host Preference ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Primary Host ◽  
Host Preferences ◽  
History Of ◽  
Paraphyletic Group ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
Close Relatives ◽  
Independent Species ◽  
Biogeographic Analysis

A cladistic analysis of 29 Chinese species of Neopsylla Wagner, 1903 is carried out based on morphology. Rothschildiana Smit, 1952 and Tamiophila Jordan, 1938, two close relatives of Neopsylla, are also included in the analysis. The results support four species-groups among the Neopsylla: the anoma-group, the stevensi-group, the specialis-group and the setosa-group, and an independent species, N. angustimanubra Wu, Wu�& Liu, 1966. Species of Rothschildiana are included in the stevensi-group and Tamiophila grandis is a member of the setosa-group. Therefore Neopsylla is a paraphyletic group and Rothschildiana and Tamiophila are junior synonyms. The four species-groups show different distributions and host preferences. Rattus is the primary host of the anoma- and stevensi-groups, although some species of the anoma-group have shifted to Myospalax. The specialis-group predominantly infects Apodemus. The setosa-group shifted host preference from the Murinae to genera of Cricetinae and Sciurinae. The reasons for the changes in host and distributions of the species-groups are discussed in relation to the zoogeographic history of China.

Systematics and natural history of Barronopsis (Araneae: Agelenidae), with description of a new species

Zootaxa ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 2270 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
IAN CHRISTOPHER STOCKS
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Female Genitalia ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
History Of ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
Group B ◽  
A New Species

The monophyletic agelenid genus Barronopsis Chamberlin & Ivie is revised to include 6 species. The Cuban species B. campephila Alayón and B. cesari Alayón are synonomized under B. barrowsi (Gertsch) and B. jeffersi (Muma), respectively, and B. stephaniae new species is described. Natural history observations, distribution maps, diagnoses and descriptions, and a species identification key including B. texana (Gertsch), B. arturoi Alayón, and B. floridensis (Muma) are provided. Detailed descriptions of the male palpus and female genitalia, a review and evaluation of historical terminology used to describe agelenid palpal bulbs, and a discussion of the utility of certain male palpal characters in resolving phylogeny within Agelenidae are provided. Based on the morphology of the male and female genitalia and morphometric data, two species groups are recognized: a large-bodied B. texana species group (B. texana, floridensis, arturoi, jeffersi) and a small-bodied B. barrowsi species group (B. barrowsi, B. stephaniae). A cladistic analysis of Barronopsis, using Tortolena glaucopis (F. O. P.-Cambridge), Melpomene singula (Gertsch & Ivie), and species of Agelenopsis Giebel as outgroups identified three most parsimonious trees of 37 steps. The strict consensus tree yielded the following species relationships: (Agelenopsis (((B. texana, B. jeffersi), B. floridensis, B. arturoi), (B. barrowsi, B. stephaniae))))).Key words: Agelenopsis, revision, taxonomy, phylogenetic analysis

scholarly journals Monsoon forced evolution of savanna and the spread of agro-pastoralism in peninsular India

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nils Riedel ◽  
Dorian Q. Fuller ◽  
Norbert Marwan ◽  
Constantin Poretschkin ◽  
Nathani Basavaiah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fire Regime ◽  
Indian Subcontinent ◽  
Deciduous Forests ◽  
Habitat Modification ◽  
Deciduous Trees ◽  
Unresolved Issue ◽  
Peninsular India ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Time

AbstractAn unresolved issue in the vegetation ecology of the Indian subcontinent is whether its savannas, characterized by relatively open formations of deciduous trees in C4-grass dominated understories, are natural or anthropogenic. Historically, these ecosystems have widely been regarded as anthropogenic-derived, degraded descendants of deciduous forests. Despite recent work showing that modern savannas in the subcontinent fall within established bioclimatic envelopes of extant savannas elsewhere, the debate persists, at least in part because the regions where savannas occur also have a long history of human presence and habitat modification. Here we show for the first time, using multiple proxies for vegetation, climate and disturbances from high-resolution, well-dated lake sediments from Lonar Crater in peninsular India, that neither anthropogenic impact nor fire regime shifts, but monsoon weakening during the past ~ 6.0 kyr cal. BP, drove the expansion of savanna at the expense of forests in peninsular India. Our results provide unambiguous evidence for a climate-induced origin and spread of the modern savannas of peninsular India at around the mid-Holocene. We further propose that this savannization preceded and drove the introduction of agriculture and development of sedentism in this region, rather than vice-versa as has often been assumed.

scholarly journals Review of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Tobochares Short & García, 2007 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae): new lineages, new species, and new records

ZooKeys ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1019 ◽  
pp. 93-140
Author(s):  
Jennifer C. Girón ◽  
Andrew Edward Z. Short
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
South America ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Additional Species ◽  
As Species ◽  
High Resolution Images ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data ◽  
Almost All ◽  
First Time

The water scavenger beetle genus Tobochares Short & García, 2007 currently contains ten species, including one known but formally undescribed taxon. Although Tobochares was revised in 2017, ongoing fieldwork as well as an expanded concept of the genus has led to the recognition of numerous additional species. Here a combination of morphological and molecular data is presented to review this newly found Tobochares diversity. Fifteen new species are described from South America, bringing the total number of known species to 25: Tobochares akoeriosp. nov. (Suriname), T. arawaksp. nov. (Guyana), T. anthonyaesp. nov. (Venezuela: Bolívar), T. aturessp. nov., (Venezuela: Amazonas), T. benettiisp. nov. (Brazil: Amazonas), T. canaimasp. nov. (Venezuela: Bolívar), T. communissp. nov. (Brazil: Amapá and Roraima, Guyana, Suriname, Venezuela: Bolívar), T. fusussp. nov. (Brazil: Amapá, French Guiana), T. goiassp. nov. (Brazil: Goiás), T. kappelsp. nov. (Suriname), T. kolokoesp. nov. (Suriname), T. luteomargosp. nov. (Venezuela: Bolívar), T. micropssp. nov. (Suriname), T. pemonsp. nov. (Venezuela: Bolívar), and T. romanoaesp. nov. (Brazil: Roraima). Both morphological and molecular analyses support four clades within the genus, which are here diagnosed and described as species groups. New distributional records are provided for T. kusad Kohlenberg & Short, 2017 and T. sipaliwini Short & Kadosoe, 2011, both of which are recorded from Brazil for the first time. Previously restricted to the Guiana Shield region of South America, the distributional range of the genus is now broadly expanded to include localities as far south as the central Brazilian state of Goiás. Consistent with the biology of the previously described species, almost all the new species described here are associated with seepage and wet rock habitats. Remarkably, one species, T. fusussp. nov., was collected in both seepage habitats as well as in the rotting fruits of Clusia Linnaeus (Clusiaceae), making it one of the few known acidocerines with terrestrial habits outside of the genus Quadriops Hansen, 1999. High-resolution images of most species are included, as well as a key to species groups, species, and habitat photographs.

scholarly journals امیر خسرو اور فن موسیقی

2017 ◽  
pp. 120-135
Author(s):  
Mr. Ali Sher
Keyword(s):  
Cultural History ◽  
Indian Subcontinent ◽  
Musical Instrument ◽  
Research Paper ◽  
History Of ◽  
Indian Music ◽  
First Time ◽  
Iconic Figure

mir Khusru was a sufi, musician, poet and scholar. He was an iconic figure in the cultural history of the Indian subcontinent. He also contributed the Persian, Arabic and Turkish elements to the Indian music. Music has a fundamental role in the spiritual aspects of life. In the Indian sub-continent, Amir Kusro is known as one of the pioneers of Music. He introduced many tunes in music by mixing Persian and Indian tunes together, such as Fraghana, Saazgari, Meanamand Baakhro. Qawali is one of the spiritual types of music in Indo-Pak which was introduced by him for the first time. He also invented Sitar(SehTaar), a musical instrument and Promoted Geet, a genre of Hindi poetry. In this research paper, the researcher has discussed the achievements of Amir Khusru in Indian music.

scholarly journals Description of a new species of Omyomymar Schauff from India with a key to Oriental species and first report of Palaeoneura markhoddlei Triapitsyn (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) from the Indian subcontinent

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (14) ◽  
pp. 17003-17008
Author(s):  
H. Sankararaman ◽  
S. Manickavasagam
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Indian Subcontinent ◽  
Indian Species ◽  
Indian States ◽  
First Report ◽  
First Time ◽  
A New Species

Abstract: Omyomymar hayati sp. nov. (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Mymaridae) is described from Tamil Nadu, India and key to Oriental species of Omyomymar is updated.  Palaeoneura markhoddlei Triapitsyn, is reported from Indian subcontinent for the first time and key to Indian species is updated.  The following known species, viz., Acmopolynema incognitum (Narayanan, Rao & Kaur), Platystethynium glabrum Jin & Li, Polynema (Polynema) bengalense Rehmat & Anis and Palaeoneura vegis Amer & Zeya are recorded from the Indian states of Rajasthan, Karnataka, Kerala, and Tamil Nadu, respectively.  

scholarly journals Revision of the southern Andean genus Sadocus Sørensen, 1886 (Opiliones, Gonyleptidae, Pachylinae)

ZooKeys ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1025 ◽  
pp. 91-137
Author(s):  
Marília Pessoa-Silva ◽  
Marcos Ryotaro Hara ◽  
Ricardo Pinto-da-Rocha
Keyword(s):  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Junior Synonym ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Nominal Species ◽  
New Classification ◽  
As Species ◽  
First Time ◽  
Species Inquirendae

Species of the genus Sadocus Sørensen, 1886 are conspicuous gonyleptids that occur in Chile and Argentina. Here, the genus is revised for the first time and the cladistic analysis based on morphological characters does not corroborate its monophyly unless a phylogenetically unrelated species is excluded (explained further on). A new classification is proposed for the seven species left in the genus and considered valid, of the 13 nominal species previously recognized. Two out of the seven valid species are considered as species inquirendae: Sadocus allermayeri (Mello-Leitão, 1945) [= Carampangue allermayeri Mello-Leitão, 1945] and Sadocus nigronotatus (Mello-Leitão, 1943) [= Carampangue nigronotatum Mello-Leitão, 1943]. The following synonymies are proposed: Sadocus bicornis (Gervais, 1849) [original combination = Gonyleptes bicornis Gervais, 1849] is a junior synonym of Sadocus asperatus (Gervais, 1847) [= Gonyleptes asperatus Gervais, 1847]; Sadocus conspicillatus Roewer, 1913, Sadocus exceptionalis (Mello-Leitão, 1946) [= Araucanoleptes exceptionalis Mello-Leitão, 1946] and Sadocus guttatus Sørensen, 1902 are junior synonyms of the valid name Sadocus polyacanthus (Gervais, 1847) [= Gonyleptes polyacanthus Gervais, 1847]; and Sadocus calcar (Roewer, 1913) [= Lycomedes calcar Roewer, 1913] is a junior synonym of the valid name Gonyleptes horridus Kirby, 1819. Sadocus brasiliensis Soares & Soares, 1949 is not congeneric with Argentinean/Chilean species of the genus according to the cladistic analysis and is here synonymized with Discocyrtus catharinensis (Mello-Leitão, 1923 [= Sadocus catharinensis Mello-Leitão, 1923]).

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