Occurrence and spread of Ceroplastes cirripediformis Comstock (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Coccidae) in India

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5039 (4) ◽  
pp. 561-570
Author(s):  
SUNIL JOSHI ◽  
HASEENA BHASKAR ◽  
V.S. AASHIQ POON ◽  
B.R. JAYANTHI MALA ◽  
P.D. KAMALA JAYANTHI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Range ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Scale Insect ◽  
Indian Species ◽  
Broad Host Range ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Soft Scale ◽  
Plant Pest ◽  
Plant Families ◽  
First Time

The notoriously destructive and invasive soft scale, Ceroplastes cirripediformis Comstock (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Coccidae), is recorded for the first time from India. The scale is redescribed to facilitate its identification and information on its host range, natural enemies and distribution is provided. An identification key to the Indian species in this genus is given. Management options in the event of an outbreak are discussed briefly. The establishment of this scale insect warrants special attention in India as it is a potentially damaging plant pest and has a broad host range across many plant families.  

First record of Pulvinaria urbicola Cockerell (Hemiptera: Coccidae) from India, with a key to the Indian species of Pulvinaria Targioni Tozzetti

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4236 (3) ◽  
pp. 533 ◽  
Author(s):  
SUNIL JOSHI
Keyword(s):  
Host Range ◽  
First Record ◽  
Indian Species ◽  
Broad Host Range ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Soft Scale ◽  
Plant Pest ◽  
Plant Families ◽  
First Time

The notoriously destructive and invasive soft scale, Pulvinaria urbicola Cockerell (Hemiptera: Coccidae), is recorded for the first time from India. This scale, with variable morphological appearance and similarities with other known scales of the same genus established in India, is redescribed to facilitate its identification and separation from other similar species. Information on its host range, natural enemies and distribution is provided. Management options in the event of an outbreak are discussed briefly. A key to the species of Pulvinaria Targioni Tozzetti in India is also provided. This new arrival warrants special attention in India as it is a potentially damaging plant pest and has a broad host range across many plant families. 

Immature stages, host plants and natural enemies of Henosepilachna implicata (Mulsant) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) with DNA sequence data and a new synonym and notes on some Indian species of Epilachnini

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4970 (3) ◽  
pp. 533-546
Author(s):  
J. POORANI ◽  
R. G. BOOTH ◽  
R. GANDHI GRACY ◽  
C. ANURADHA ◽  
R. THANIGAIRAJ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequence ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Indian Species ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Dna Sequence Data ◽  
New Synonym ◽  
First Time

Life stages of Henosepilachna implicata (Mulsant), an economically important species of Epilachnini in India, are documented and illustrated. Mitochondrial DNA sequence data is provided for the first time for H. implicata with additional details on its host plants, distribution, and natural enemies. Its similarities and differences with other common pestiferous Henosepilachna spp. in India such as H. vigintioctopunctata (F.), H. septima (Dieke) and H. pusillanima (Mulsant) are discussed. Epilachna circularis Korschefsky, 1933 is found to be conspecific with H. implicata and is reduced to a junior synonym of the latter (new synonym). Notes are given on the distribution and natural enemies of some other species of Epilachnini of the Indian region.  

Two species of whitefly and six species of scale insect (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae and Coccoidea), new for Antigua, Lesser Antilles

2018 ◽  
Vol 154 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-59
Author(s):  
Chris Malumphy
Keyword(s):  
Host Range ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Scale Insect ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
Scale Insects ◽  
Lesser Antilles ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
First Time

Two species of whitefly and six species of scale insect are recorded for the first time from the island of Antigua, Antigua and Barbuda, Lesser Antilles, Caribbean: Aleyrodidae – Dialeurodes schefflerae Hodges & Dooley and Minutaleyrodes minuta (Singh); Coccidae – Milviscutulus mangiferae (Green); Conchaspididae – Conchaspis angraeci Cockerell; Diaspididae – Duplachionaspis divergens (Green), Mycetaspis personata (Comstock), Parlatoria proteus (Curtis); and Pseudococcidae – Ferrisia dasylirii (Cockerell). The geographical distribution, host range and economic importance of each of the whiteflies and scale insects are summarised. Three of these species, D. schefflerae, M. minuta and D. divergens are native to Asia and have been spreading in the Caribbean in recent years, most probably with plant trade.

scholarly journals Parasitoids of Butterflies: Reassignment of Dolichogenidea hasorae (wilkinson, 1928) as a New Combination along with New Host-parasitoid Linkages and Notes on Host Specificity from Kerala, India

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Ankita Gupta ◽  
K. Saji ◽  
P. Manoj
Keyword(s):  
Host Range ◽  
Biodiversity Conservation ◽  
Host Specificity ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Butterfly Species ◽  
Flagship Species ◽  
New Host ◽  
First Time

Butterflies are flagship species for biodiversity conservation and thus the knowledge of their associated natural enemies is important. In this study, rearing data on parasitism of seven butterfly species in six genera belonging to three Lepidoptera families (Hesperiidae, Lycaenidae and Papilionidae) are presented for the first time from Kerala, India. Four species of parasitic wasps along with two possibly unnamed species, collectively from three Hymenoptera families (Braconidae, Chalcididae and Ichneumonidae), were discovered. <em>Dolichogenidea hasorae</em> (Wilkinson, 1928) <strong>n. comb.</strong> (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) is reassigned from the traditionally defined genus <em>Apanteles</em>. The following host associations are recorded: <em>Brachymeria lasus</em> (Walker) (Chalcididae) from pupa of <em>Hasora chromus</em> (Cramer) (Hesperiidae); <em>Casinaria ajanta</em> Maheshwary&amp;Gupta (Ichneumonidae) from caterpillars of two hesperiid species − <em>Ampittia dioscorides</em> (Fabricius) (Hesperiidae) and <em>Parnara</em> sp. (Hesperiidae); <em>Dolichogenidea hasorae</em> (Wilkinson) <strong>n. comb.</strong> from caterpillar of <em>Hasora taminatus</em> (Hübner); <em>Glyptapanteles aristolochiae</em> (Wilkinson) from caterpillar of <em>Troides minos</em> (Cramer) (Papilionidae); <em>Apanteles</em> sp. (Braconidae) from caterpillar of <em>Telicota bambusae</em> (Moore) (Hesperiidae); and <em>Cotesia</em> sp. from caterpillar of <em>Udara akasa</em> (Horsfield) (Lycaenidae). The majority of these records are the first reports except <em>C. ajanta</em> from <em>Parnara</em> sp. Host range extension and varied host association of parasitoids are discussed based on newly acquired and previously published data. Brief diagnosis of wasps and illustrations of wasps along with their respective hosts are provided.

The genus Pulvinaria (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Coccidae) in China, with description of a new species and a new record

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4750 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-236
Author(s):  
TONG CAO ◽  
JI-NIAN FENG
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
New Record ◽  
Scale Insect ◽  
Soft Scale ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
First Time ◽  
A New Species

A new species of soft scale insect (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Coccidae) in the genus Pulvinaria Targioni Tozzetti, 1866 is recorded from Yunnan, China on Pistacia chinensis Bunge. Pulvinaria pistaciae Cao & Feng sp. n. is described and illustrated, based on adult female morphology. Pulvinaria decorata Borchsenius, 1957 is recorded for the first time from China (Henan and Shaanxi). A key to the adult females of Pulvinaria species known to occur in China is provided, and a table to show their distributions in various zoogeographical regions in China. 

scholarly journals Species composition and diagnoses of leaf- and fruit-scarring beetles (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae) infesting bananas and plantains (Zingiberales, Musaceae) in the Indian subcontinent

2019 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-202
Author(s):  
Kaniyarikkal D. Prathapan ◽  
Janakiraman Poorani ◽  
S. Amritha Kumari ◽  
C. Anuradha ◽  
Balakrishnan Padmanaban ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Indian Subcontinent ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Indian Species ◽  
South American ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Species Determination ◽  
Coi Sequences ◽  
First Time ◽  
A New Species

Leaf- and fruit-feeding chrysomelids (Coleoptera) on bananas and plantains (Musaceae, Zingiberales) cause major losses to banana growers in the northern and northeastern regions of India, Bangladesh, and other parts of Southeast Asia. The species composition of these beetles has not been studied so far in India and wrong names or wrong name combinations in the literature have caused confusion. Most particularly, the Central and South American apecies of Colaspis hypochlora Lefèvre (Chrysomelidae, Eumolpinae) has been erroneously reported as occurring in India and Bangladesh, and this name has been used for the Indian species. Based on extensive surveys for leaf- and fruit-feeding chrysomelids in the northern and northeastern regions of India from 2015 to 2019, three species of banana-feeding chrysomelids, namely, Basilepta subcostata (Jacoby) (Eumolpinae), Bhamoina varipes (Jacoby), and a new species, Sphaeroderma cruentasp. nov. (Galerucinae, Alticini), are documented. Of these, the latter two are recorded as pests of banana in India for the first time. An illustrated diagnostic account of these three species is given to facilitate their identification by economic entomologists. COI sequences of populations of B. subcostata from Assam and Uttar Pradesh showed 98–100% homology, indicating that these populations are conspecific and that COI sequences can be used for rapid species determination. Brief notes on the biology and available management options for these pests are also given.

scholarly journals Aerial Concentrations of Pathogens Causing Early Blight and Brown Spot Within Susceptible Potato Fields

2019 ◽  
Vol 109 (8) ◽  
pp. 1425-1432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shunping Ding ◽  
Douglas I. Rouse ◽  
Kiana Meinholz ◽  
Amanda J. Gevens
Keyword(s):  
Host Range ◽  
Early Blight ◽  
Potato Crop ◽  
Alternaria Solani ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
Brown Spot ◽  
Broad Host Range ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Similar Disease ◽  
Plant Families

Early blight caused by Alternaria solani and brown spot caused by A. alternata are two common foliar diseases of potato, with early blight typically predominating in incidence and severity. Renewed interest in these two diseases has arisen as a result of notable differences in fungicide resistance profiles of the pathogens and inconsistent outcomes of disease management tactics. The pathogens share similar disease cycles, but they differ in the shape and size of their conidia. A. solani has a host range that includes just the Solanaceae, whereas A. alternata has a broad host range spanning numerous plant families. Such differences may result in differences in dispersal of the pathogens and subsequently influence epidemiology and management outcomes. In the commercial potato fields investigated in this study, the aerial conidial concentrations of A. solani and A. alternata differed significantly, with those of A. alternata conidia being higher in number and more variable than those of A. solani. The aerial conidial concentration of A. solani almost always significantly decreased with height (0 to 3 m above the canopy), whereas such a decrease was only observed for 4 of 12 days for A. alternata. The atmospheric concentrations of A. alternata were higher than those of A. solani at both upwind and downwind edges of the field (P < 0.0001), indicating more potential for long-distance dispersal. A higher aerial concentration of conidia at the downwind than the upwind location was observed for A. solani (P < 0.05), whereas overall no such effect was observed for A. alternata. This indicated that the potato fields investigated were likely the source of A. solani conidia, but they may not be the sole source of A. alternata. Results are consistent with inoculum of A. solani coming primarily from within the potato crop, whereas that of A. alternata may be generated from diverse plant sources across the landscape.

scholarly journals First record of Kermes echinatus on Quercus ilex

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. J. Stathas ◽  
E. D. Kartsonas ◽  
P. J. Skouras
Keyword(s):  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Host Species ◽  
Quercus Ilex ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
First Record ◽  
Scale Insect ◽  
Chilocorus Bipustulatus ◽  
First Instar ◽  
First Time

The scale insect Kermes echinatus Balachowsky (Hemiptera, Coccoidea, Kermesidae) was recorded on Quercus ilex in November 2012 in Kalamata and in December of the same year on the same host species in Athens. Quercus ilex is recorded for the first time as the host of this scale. This scale is first recorded in continental Greece. The population of the scale in both areas consisted mainly of first instar nymphs, whereas in Kalamata individuals of the scale in advanced developmental stages were recorded. Preliminary studies indicate that natural enemies are active against K. echinatus. Moultings of larvae and pupae and adults of Chilocorus bipustulatus L. (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) were found on colonies of the scale. Parasitoid exit holes were recorded on female adults of the scale. Some data on morphology and infestation of the scale on Q. ilex are given.

scholarly journals 1615. Isolation of Lytic Bacteriophages with Broad Host Range Activity Against Pseudomonas aeruginosa Strains Isolated from Respiratory Samples from Cystic Fibrosis Patients Intended for Therapeutic Application

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S801-S801
Author(s):  
Jose Alexander ◽  
Daniel Navas ◽  
Marly Flowers ◽  
Angela Charles ◽  
Amy Carr
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Host Range ◽  
Phage Therapy ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Plaque Morphology ◽  
Broad Host Range ◽  
Chronic Infections ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Host Target

Abstract Background With the rise of the antimicrobial resistance between different genera and species of bacteria, Phage Therapy is becoming a more realistic and accessible option for patients with limited or no antimicrobial options. Being able to have rapid access to a collection of clinical active phages is key for rapid implementation of phage therapy. The Microbiology Department at AdventHealth Orlando is performing routine screening of environmental and patient samples for isolation of phages against non-fermenting Gram negative bacteria to develop a Phage Bank. Methods Protocols for phage isolation from environmental sources such as lakes, rivers and sewers and clinical samples were developed. A series of respiratory, throat, stool and urine samples were processed following an internal protocol that includes centrifugation, filtration and enrichment. Clinical samples were centrifugated for 10 minutes, filtered using 0.45µm centrifugation filters, seeded with targeted host bacteria (clinical isolates) and incubated at 35°C for 24 hours. The enriched samples were centrifugated and filtered for a final phage enriched solution. Screening and isolation were performed using the Gracia method over trypticase soybean agar (TSA) for plaque morphology and quantification. Host range screening of other clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa was performed using the new isolated and purified phages. Results 4 lytic phages against clinical strains of P. aeruginosa from patient with diagnosis of cystic fibrosis (CF), were isolated and purified from 4 different respiratory samples, including sputum and bronchial alveolar lavage. All phages showed phenotypical characteristics of lytic activity. 1 phage was active against 4 strains of P. aeruginosa, 1 phage was active against 2 strains of P. aeruginosa and the remaining 2 phages were active only against the initial host target strain. Conclusion With this study we demonstrated the potential use of clinical samples as source for isolating active bacteriophages against clinically significant bacteria strains. Clinical samples from vulnerable population of patients with chronic infections are part of our routine “phage-hunting” process to stock and grow our Phage Bank project for future clinical use. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

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