scholarly journals Atlas of the Baltic languages: plant names of Slavonic origin

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 499-513
Author(s):  
Ilga Jansone ◽  
Anna Stafecka
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Wide Area ◽  
Wild Plants ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Achillea Millefolium ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Cherry Tree ◽  
Centaurea Cyanus ◽  
Plant Names ◽  
The Baltic

Atlas of the Baltic Languages: Plant Names of Slavonic OriginThe article investigates Slavonic-derived plant names in dialects of the two surviving Baltic languages – Latvian and Lithuanian. Historically, these Slavonisms were originally adopted by small-scale regional dialects, which are now disappearing. In 2009, a pilot study for the Atlas of the Baltic Languages was published. It comprised 12 geo-linguistic maps with Latvian, Lithuanian and English commentaries. 2012 saw the publication, in CD format, of the Atlas’s first volume: Lexis 1: Flora. The material analysed concerns names for: (1) wild plants, e.g., cornflower, nettle, waybread, milfoil, dandelion, plantain; (2) cultivated plants, e.g., onion, potatoe, garlic, cucumber, Swedish turnip, [winter] wheat; (3) trees (juniper, hazel-tree, pear-tree, plum-tree, cherry-tree, etc.) and words related to a tree (top of the tree, cone, etc.).Borrowed plant names can generally be grouped as follows: 1. Common borrowings located in a wide area in Lithuania and used all over Eastern part of Latvia – the region of Latgale. These usually denote fruits and vegetables, e.g. the potatoe (Solanum tuberosum) – Latv. buļve and its variants, buļba and variants, uļbiks / Lith. bulvė and variants, bulbė and variants; or garlic – casnags, casnāgs and variants / Lith. česnākas, šešnākas and variants. 2. Common borrowings located in wide area in Lithuania and used in some subdialects in Latgale, e.g. Lith. vosilka / Lat. Vasilka ‘cornflower (Centaurea cyanus)’; Lith. kriváunykas and variants / Lat. kravavņiks and variants ‘yarrow (Achillea millefolium L.)’. 3. Slavonisms whose origin differs in Latvian and in Lithuanian, e.g. Lat. klevers (< Russ. клевер, Bel. dialectal клéвер, клевiр / Lith. kaniušina < Bel. канюшына, Pol. koniczyna for ‘clover (Trifolium)’.The Atlas of the Baltic Languages, reflecting the language contacts, could be an important source for further investigation not only in Baltistics but also in Slavistics and Indo-European comparative linguistics.Атлас балтийских языков: названия растений славянского происхожденияВ статье рассматриваются названия растений славянского происхождения в диалектах единственнo живых балтийских языков – латышского и литовского. Исторически эти славянизмы были заимствованы региональными территориальными диалектами, которые в настоящее время исчезают. В 2009 г. был опубликован пилотный проект Атласа балтийских языков, включающий 12 геолингвистических карт с комментариями на латышском, литовском и английском языках. В 2012 г. первый том атласа: Атлас балтийских языков. Лексика I: Флора – был опубликован в формате CD. Связанную с растительним миром лексику представляют названия, обозначающие: 1) дикорастущие растения – например, василек, крапиву, подорожник, тысячелистник, одуванчик, 2) культурные растения – например, лук, картофель, репу, (зимнюю) пшеницу, и 3) деревья (можжевельник, орешник, грушу и др.), а также части деревьев (макушку дерева, шишку). В качестве основных групп заимствованных названий растений можно выделить: 1. Общие заимствования, которые встречаются в широком ареале в Литве и во всей восточной части Латвии – в Латгалии. Обычно это названия овощей и фруктов, например, картофеля (Solanum tuberosum) – лат. buļve и вар., buļba и вар., uļbiks / лит. bulve и вар., bulbe и вар., чеснока: лат. casnags, casnāgs и вар./ лит. česnākas, šešnākas и вар. 2. Общие заимствования, которые встречаются в широком ареале в Литве и в некоторых говорах Латгалии, например, лит. vosilka / лат. vasilka ‘вaсилёк (Centaurea cyanus)’, лит. kriváunykas и вар. / лат. kravavņiks и вар. ‘тысячелистник (Achillea millefolium L.)’. 3. Славянизмы несовпадающего проиcхождения в латышском и литовском языках, например, лат. klevers (< рус. kлевер, бел. диал. клéвер, клевiр) / лит. kaniušina < бел. kанюшына, поль. koniczyna ‘клевер (Trifolium)’. Атлас балтийских языков отражает языковые контакты и служит важным источником для дальнейших исследований не только в балтистике, но также в славистикe и индоевропейском сравнительном языкознании.

Plant Names

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger Spencer ◽  
Rob Cross
Keyword(s):  
Final Section ◽  
Technical Information ◽  
Wild Plants ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
International Code ◽  
Fourth Edition ◽  
Code Of Nomenclature ◽  
Plant Names ◽  
Royal Botanic Gardens ◽  
International Code Of Nomenclature

Plant Names is an invaluable guide to the use of scientific, commercial and common names for plants and the conventions for writing them. Written by horticultural botanists at the Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria, this book covers the naming of wild plants, plants modified by humans, why plant names change, their pronunciation and hints to help remember them, along with updated sections on trademarks and plant breeder's rights. The final section provides a detailed guide to resources useful to people using plant names. This fourth edition is based on the recently updated International Code of Nomenclature for Algae, Fungi, and Plants and the International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants. It makes this technical information readily understandable to a range of readers, including botanists, publishers, professional horticulturists, nursery workers, hobby gardeners and anyone interested in plant names.

Plant Names

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger Spencer ◽  
Rob Cross ◽  
Peter Lumley
Keyword(s):  
Web Sites ◽  
Final Section ◽  
Wild Plants ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Botanical Nomenclature ◽  
International Code ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Code Of Nomenclature ◽  
Plant Names ◽  
Cultivated Plant

Plant Names is a plain English guide to the use of plant names and the conventions for writing them as governed by the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature and the International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants. It covers the naming of wild plants, plants modified by humans, why plant names change, their pronunciation and hints to help remember them. The final section provides a detailed guide to web sites and published resources useful to people using plant names. The book incorporates the latest information in the most recently published Botanical and Cultivated Plant Codes, both of which are technical scientific publications that are difficult to read for all but the most dedicated botanists and horticulturists. From botanists to publishers, professional horticulturists, nurserymen, hobby gardeners and anyone interested in plant names, this book is an invaluable guide to using the potentially confusing array of scientific, commercial and common names.

scholarly journals Shared burdens: The General Average adjustment of the Jan Maria

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 322-343
Author(s):  
Sabine C P J Go
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Coping Mechanisms ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Marine Insurance ◽  
Financial Innovations ◽  
Complex Procedure ◽  
General Average ◽  
The Baltic

The Jan Maria was a Dutch schooner that, in 1883, en route from the Baltic to its home port, was forced to jettison cargo during a fierce storm, which resulted in a General Average (GA) procedure. GA refers to a method that redistributes damages that were deliberately inflicted by the master, in order to save the ship and its cargo, among all those parties that benefited from the action. The report of this procedure of the Jan Maria has been preserved and is exceptional in its completeness. It offers a unique view on a complex procedure and also on the coping mechanisms of small-scale entrepreneurs in a volatile business environment. In this article, I will explain the principle and functioning of GA, and I will argue that, in spite of financial innovations like marine insurance, GA remained an important part of risk management.

Detecting and tracking small scale eddies in the black sea and the Baltic Sea using high-resolution Radarsat-2 and TerraSAR-X imagery (DTeddie)

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonie Dreschler-Fischer ◽  
Olga Lavrova ◽  
Benjamin Seppke ◽  
Martin Gade ◽  
Tatiana Bocharova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
The Baltic

scholarly journals Technical Note: A mobile sea-going mesocosm system – new opportunities for ocean change research

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 1835-1847 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Riebesell ◽  
J. Czerny ◽  
K. von Bröckel ◽  
T. Boxhammer ◽  
J. Büdenbender ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ocean Acidification ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Biogeochemical Cycling ◽  
High Arctic ◽  
Technical Note ◽  
Plankton Community ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Multiple Test ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
June July

Abstract. One of the great challenges in ocean change research is to understand and forecast the effects of environmental changes on pelagic communities and the associated impacts on biogeochemical cycling. Mesocosms, experimental enclosures designed to approximate natural conditions, and in which environmental factors can be manipulated and closely monitored, provide a powerful tool to close the gap between small-scale laboratory experiments and observational and correlative approaches applied in field surveys. Existing pelagic mesocosm systems are stationary and/or restricted to well-protected waters. To allow mesocosm experimentation in a range of hydrographic conditions and in areas considered most sensitive to ocean change, we developed a mobile sea-going mesocosm facility, the Kiel Off-Shore Mesocosms for Future Ocean Simulations (KOSMOS). The KOSMOS platform, which can be transported and deployed by mid-sized research vessels, is designed for operation in moored and free-floating mode under low to moderate wave conditions (up to 2.5 m wave heights). It encloses a water column 2 m in diameter and 15 to 25 m deep (∼50–75 m3 in volume) without disrupting the vertical structure or disturbing the enclosed plankton community. Several new developments in mesocosm design and operation were implemented to (i) minimize differences in starting conditions between mesocosms, (ii) allow for extended experimental duration, (iii) precisely determine the mesocosm volume, (iv) determine air–sea gas exchange, and (v) perform mass balance calculations. After multiple test runs in the Baltic Sea, which resulted in continuous improvement of the design and handling, the KOSMOS platform successfully completed its first full-scale experiment in the high Arctic off Svalbard (78°56.2′ N, 11°53.6′ E) in June/July 2010. The study, which was conducted in the framework of the European Project on Ocean Acidification (EPOCA), focused on the effects of ocean acidification on a natural plankton community and its impacts on biogeochemical cycling and air–sea exchange of climate-relevant gases. This manuscript describes the mesocosm hardware, its deployment and handling, CO2 manipulation, sampling and cleaning, including some further modifications conducted based on the experiences gained during this study.

scholarly journals WHY SHALL WE CONSIDER THE GENDER IMPLICATIONS OF BIODIVERSITY MANAGEMENT? THE ROLE OF WOMEN IN THE MEDITERRANEAN REGION

New Medit ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 109-111
Author(s):  
Ilaria Sisto ◽  
Maurizio Furst
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Rural Women ◽  
Mediterranean Region ◽  
Food Systems ◽  
Wild Plants ◽  
Director General ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
The Mediterranean

Women as farmers, livestock keepers, fishers and forest dwellers play vital – often overlooked – roles in natural resources use and management in the Mediterranean region. Women’s exclusion from decision making bodies and unequal access to productive resources represent a missed opportunity in terms of sustainable management of available resources and economic development. Recent studies indicate that if men and women equally participate in the labour market, in the southern Mediterranean region the GDP could rise by 47% over the next decade, meaning an annual benefit from an economic impact of €490 billion (Woetzel et al., 2015). The Director General of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), José Graziano da Silva, at the fourth Regional conference on women’s empowerment in the Euro-Mediterranean region stressed that rural women’s contributions and leadership is crucial to feed the Mediterranean region’s growing population and achieve sustainable food production: «By enabling rural women to reach their full potential, we can make food systems more inclusive, efficient and effective» (FAO 2018). In the region women sustain such food systems by gathering wild plants for food, medicinal use, fuelwood and other purposes, acting as herbalists, tending home gardens, selecting, managing and storing seeds, managing crops, trees and small livestock, domesticating plants, participating in small-scale fisheries and aquaculture, and storing, preserving and processing foods after harvesting. They have a unique knowledge about local biodiversity, which is often passed from generation to generation (FAO, 2019; World Bank, FAO and IFAD, 2009). Nevertheless, still too often women have less access than men to land and livestock, production inputs and services such as education, extension and credit, and are not represented in decision-making processes related to food and agriculture (Lehel 2018; World Bank, FAO and IFAD, 2009).

scholarly journals PERANAN TUMBUHAN LIAR DALAM KONSERVASI SERANGGA PENYERBUK ORDO HYMENOPTERA

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 195
Author(s):  
Erniwati Erniwati ◽  
Sih Kahono
Keyword(s):  
Flowering Time ◽  
Food Resources ◽  
Wild Plants ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Applied Study ◽  
Insect Pollinators ◽  
Cultivated Plant ◽  
Dry Seasons

The role of the wild plants in relation to the conservation of the Indonesian insectpollinators was studied at several areas of Java. Three of direct observationmethods were applied: study of biodiversity and observation on the wild flowersand the insect pollinators as well, and the behaviour of the insects. The flowersof wild plants were relatively smaller and paler in colour, however they were moreattractive to insect pollinators than cultivated plants. Flowering time of the wildplants was mostly during wet seasons, contrary to that of the cultivated plantswhich was mostly during dry seasons. Our observation indicated that these wildplants are the food resources of insect pollinators during wet seasons. Observationdata support the importance of wild plants to supply food to insect pollinatorsduring wet seasons. Management of wild and cultivated plant environments isnecessary to conserve insect pollinators.

scholarly journals Diversitas Tumbuhan Liar Pada Lahan Jagung (Zea mays L.) di Desa Bungbungan Kecamatan Bluto Kabupaten Sumenep

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-60
Author(s):  
Khoiratul Hasanah ◽  
Ari Hayati ◽  
Hasan Zayadi
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Diversity Indices ◽  
Wild Plants ◽  
Wild Plant ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Number Of Individuals

Wild plants are plants whose presence on agricultural land can reduce crop yields. Losses due to wild plants to cultivated plants vary depending on the type of plant cultivated, climate, species of wild plants and technical cultivation applied. This study aims to determine the diversity of wild plants in the land of maize (Zea mays L.) in Bung-bungan Village Bluto District Sumenep Regency. This method uses a descriptive exploratory method, for each wild plant found in ± 3600 m2 of corn land. Sampling of wild plants using a 4x4 m plot method. The measured data includes the number of species and the number of individuals calculating important values ​​and diversity indices. The results of the study showed that the Shannon-Wienner Diversity Index analysis of the highest value in maize plants in plantations was found in land II, which was 2.678 indicating moderate diversity, categorized as moderate because there were not too many wild plants on maize.  Keywords: Corn, diversity, wild plants,  ABSTRAK Tumbuhan liar merupakan tumbuhan yang kehadirannya pada lahan pertanian dapat menurunkan hasil tanaman. Kerugian akibat tumbuhan  liar terhadap tanaman budidaya beragam bergantung dari jenis tanaman yang diusahakan, iklim, jenis tumbuhan  liar dan teknis budidaya yang diterapkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui diversitas tumbuhan liar di lahan jagung (Zea mays L.) di Desa Bung-bungan Kecamatan Bluto Kabupaten Sumenep. Metode ini menggunakan metode deskriptif eksploratif, terhadap setiap tumbuhan liar yang ditemukan pada lahan jagung seluas ±3600 m2. Pengambilan sampel tumbuhan liar menggunakan metode plot berukuran 4x4 m. Data yang diukur meliputi jumlah spesies dan jumlah individu menghitung nilai penting dan indeks diversitas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan analisis Indeks Keanekaragaman Shannon-Wienner tumbuhan liar nilai tertinggi pada tanaman jagung di lkebun terdapat pada lahan II yaitu 2,678 menunjukkan keanekaragaman sedang, di kategorikan sedang karena jenis tanaman liar yang ada pada lahan jagung tidak terlalu banyak. Kata kunci: Jagung, Diversitas, Tanaman liar

scholarly journals Human fascioliasis infection sources, their diversity, incidence factors, analytical methods and prevention measures

Parasitology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 145 (13) ◽  
pp. 1665-1699 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Mas-Coma ◽  
M. D. Bargues ◽  
M. A. Valero
Keyword(s):  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Wild Plants ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Contaminated Water ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
The Past ◽  
Urban Markets ◽  
Human Fascioliasis ◽  
Questionnaire Surveys ◽  
First Time

AbstractHuman fascioliasis infection sources are analysed for the first time in front of the new worldwide scenario of this disease. These infection sources include foods, water and combinations of both. Ingestion of freshwater wild plants is the main source, with watercress and secondarily other vegetables involved. The problem of vegetables sold in uncontrolled urban markets is discussed. Distinction between infection sources by freshwater cultivated plants, terrestrial wild plants, and terrestrial cultivated plants is made. The risks by traditional local dishes made from sylvatic plants and raw liver ingestion are considered. Drinking of contaminated water, beverages and juices, ingestion of dishes and soups and washing of vegetables, fruits, tubercles and kitchen utensils with contaminated water are increasingly involved. Three methods to assess infection sources are noted: detection of metacercariae attached to plants or floating in freshwater, anamnesis in individual patients, and questionnaire surveys in endemic areas. The infectivity of metacercariae is reviewed both under field conditions and experimentally under the effects of physicochemical agents. Individual and general preventive measures appear to be more complicated than those considered in the past. The high diversity of infection sources and their heterogeneity in different countries underlie the large epidemiological heterogeneity of human fascioliasis throughout.

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