Relationship Between Products Unit Sold and Price Changes with Market Share: The Case of Skin Care Products

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 843-846
Author(s):  
Erlangga Ramadian ◽  
Togar Alam Napitupulu
Keyword(s):  
Market Share ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Skin Care ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Market Shares ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Skin Care Products

In industries such as Fast-Moving Consumers Good (FMCG), where the products are usually transferred in high volume with low value, comparing value market share is important. The paper will further research on the relationship of the total unit sold and the changes in price with the market share of a specific company in the industry in hope that this research may help company to decide on product strategy based on whether the existing products’ contribution to the market shares is necessary or should the product need to be discontinued and replaced. The report will measure the relationship between the total products sold and the changes in price with the market share, which is derived from the proportion of values compared to the total market value of the skin care market. A Multiple Regression analysis was used to formulate the relationship using Ordinary Least Square (OLS) estimation method. It can be concluded that, number of unit sold of each product does have relationship to the market share regression model regardless its contribution’s significance. While prices changes do not significantly impacting the changes in the market shares, this can be caused by the loyalty of the customer towards the brand. In other word, these loyal customers will buy the product no matter how much the price has changed.

scholarly journals The Role of Political Connections on Family Firms’ Performance: Evidence from Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iman Harymawan ◽  
Mohammad Nasih ◽  
Muhammad Madyan ◽  
Diarany Sucahyati
Keyword(s):  
Family Firms ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Political Connections ◽  
Family Ownership ◽  
Ols Regression ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship of firms with family ownership and their performance in Indonesia and further examine on how political connections affect this relationship. This study used 933 samples from 413 companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in the period between 2014 and 2016. Using ordinary least square (OLS) regression, the results shows that firms without family ownership (non-family firms) have better performance than firms with family ownership (family firms) in Indonesia. Furthermore, the findings also show that the performance of family firms significantly improve when the firms are affiliated with political connections. Our findings imply that establishing political connections in family firms will increase the performance of the firms.

Cashless Payments and its Impact on Inflation

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 524-532
Author(s):  
Pisi Bethania Titalessy
Keyword(s):  
Credit Card ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Electronic Money ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Cash Transaction ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Payment with a non-cash system can simplify transactions and are increasingly used. The advantages of non-cash payments are not only due to convenience, speed up transaction time, and time savings but also the benefits that can reduce the circulation of money in the community. The less the amount of physical money in circulation, it will indirectly affect the inflation rate. However, there are inconsistency of research results regarding the relationship of non-cash transactions and inflation. These issues constitute a research gap on cashless payments and inflation in Indonesia. This study aims to prove the relationship between cashless payments and inflation in Indonesia. Using data from Central Bureau of Statistics Republic of Indonesia and Bank Indonesia over the period 2019-2020Q2, the results confirm that electronic money decrease inflation. The research approach in this study focuses on quantitative analysis using the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) method. The results of this study indicate that partially the relationship between debit card transactions and inflation has no significant effect. Credit card transactions have no significant effect on inflation, while electronic money transactions have a significant effect on inflation in Indonesia. Non-cash transactions intensified by Bank Indonesia through the cash-less society need to be considered more with the public's understanding of the use of non-cash transaction instruments so that the use of non-cash transactions in Indonesia is not only used for cash withdrawals but is used in every transaction.

scholarly journals Analisis Netralitas Uang Terhadap Siklus Bisnis Riil di Indonesia Periode 2011. M1- 2013. M12

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 125
Author(s):  
Achmad Fawaid Hasan ◽  
Sebastiana Viphindrartin ◽  
Moh. Adenan
Keyword(s):  
Narrative Analysis ◽  
Model Simulation ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Monetary Economics ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Nominal Exchange Rate ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The phenomenon of the neutrality of money in various countries invited economists determines its existence. Neutrality ofmoney is being debated throughout history until this time in economics. The debate became two mahzab economic is mahzabof Classic and schools of Keynes. The findings of the neutrality of money by the camp Classic, bringing new discourse ineconomics, especially monetary economics. However, the flow Keynes against the neutrality of money is also a new discoursein the field of monetary economics. The aim of the study to determine the existence of neutrality of money against economicgrowth in Indonesia, besides of simulation models goal of this study to determine the relationship of exchange rates, inflationand 1-month SBI rate to economic growth in Indonesia. The analysis method used is Ordinary Least Square (OLS) with theestablishment of model simulation and analysis of descriptive narrative. Results clause analysis with Ordinary Least Squaremethod (OLS) on model simulations indicate that the neutrality of money is not applicable in Indonesia, as well as simulationmodels in line with the 1-month SBI interest rate and the nominal exchange rate have a significant effect. While inflation stillshows the same dominant relationship. Descriptive narrative analysis gives an overview of the non-neutrality of money inIndonesia, so there needs to be an analysis or monitoring on the growth of the money supply M2.

scholarly journals ANALISIS DETERMINAN PENGELUARAN KONSUMSI RUMAH TANGGA DI INDONESIA

Jurnal Ecogen ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 549
Author(s):  
Najmi Illahi ◽  
Melti Roza Adry ◽  
Mike Triani
Keyword(s):  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Disposable Income ◽  
Household Expenditure ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The study aims to analyze the effect of  disposable income , deposi interes ratet, and education on household expenditure in Indonesia. The analytical method used in this study is to use OLS (Ordinary Least Square) analysis. Tests using statistical tests include t test, F and R squared test and classic assumption test. Where all testing using program tools eviews 8.0. Estimation results show the relationship of independent variables of R2 = 0.9877, meaning that 98.77% of diposible income, deposit rates, and education has impact to household  expenditure in Indonesia. The results of the data analysis show that disposible income  has a positive impact and is significant at α = 5% of household  expenditure in Indonesia. Deposit interest rate variables has negative and significant  impact to household expenditure in Indonesia and education variables has negative and significant, The economic crisis has a positive and significant impact to household consumption expenditure  in IndonesiaKeyword: Disposable Income, Deposit Interes rate,Household Expenditure,Education, Economic crisis

scholarly journals AN OWNERSHIP STRUCTURES AND DIVIDEND POLICY: EVIDENCE FROM LISTED PLANTATION COMPANIES IN MALAYSIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
SAMI RM MUSALLAM ◽  
Coral Choo Pei Lin
Keyword(s):  
Significant Influence ◽  
Dividend Policy ◽  
Foreign Ownership ◽  
State Ownership ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Ownership Structures ◽  
Dividend Policies ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

This research analyzes the relationship of ownership structures with dividend policy using a sample of 43 plantation companies listed on Bursa Malaysia from 2013 to 2015. The results of Ordinary Least Square (OLS) find that foreign ownership has a positive and significant influence on dividend policy while state ownership has a negative and significant influence on dividend policy. Furthermore, it also finds that Government Linked Investment Companies (GLICs) ownership has insignificant influence on dividend policy. This study provides evidence to policymakers of government through their GLICs and state in selecting and deciding their dividend policies. Furthermore, it also provides evidence to shareholders and managers that companies with foreign ownership pay higher dividends while companies with state ownership pay lower dividends. This study is the first study that contributes to the finance and corporate governance literature at examining the relationship between GLICs as whole and foreign ownerships with dividend policy in Malaysia.

The Impact of Competitive Quasi-Market on Service Delivery in Benue State University, Makurdi Nigeria

GIS Business ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 85-98
Author(s):  
Idoko Peter
Keyword(s):  
Service Delivery ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Secondary Source ◽  
State University ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This research the impact of competitive quasi market on service delivery in Benue State University, Makurdi Nigeria. Both primary and secondary source of data and information were used for the study and questionnaire was used to extract information from the purposively selected respondents. The population for this study is one hundred and seventy three (173) administrative staff of Benue State University selected at random. The statistical tools employed was the classical ordinary least square (OLS) and the probability value of the estimates was used to tests hypotheses of the study. The result of the study indicates that a positive relationship exist between Competitive quasi marketing in Benue State University, Makurdi Nigeria (CQM) and Transparency in the service delivery (TRSP) and the relationship is statistically significant (p<0.05). Competitive quasi marketing (CQM) has a negative effect on Observe Competence in Benue State University, Makurdi Nigeria (OBCP) and the relationship is not statistically significant (p>0.05). Competitive quasi marketing (CQM) has a positive effect on Innovation in Benue State University, Makurdi Nigeria (INVO) and the relationship is statistically significant (p<0.05) and in line with a priori expectation. This means that a unit increases in Competitive quasi marketing (CQM) will result to a corresponding increase in innovation in Benue State University, Makurdi Nigeria (INVO) by a margin of 22.5%. It was concluded that government monopoly in the provision of certain types of services has greatly affected the quality of service experience in the institution. It was recommended among others that the stakeholders in the market has to be transparent so that the system will be productive to serve the society effectively

Using The Fully Modified M Method In Estimating The Effect Of Cultivated Area On Barley Production In Iraq For The Period 1970-2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (66) ◽  
pp. 101-110
Author(s):  
. Azhar Kadhim Jbarah ◽  
Prof Dr. Ahmed Shaker Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Regression Model ◽  
Moving Average ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Estimation Methods ◽  
Autoregressive Moving Average ◽  
Moving Average Models ◽  
Error Terms ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Barley Crop

The research is concerned with estimating the effect of the cultivated area of barley crop on the production of that crop by estimating the regression model representing the relationship of these two variables. The results of the tests indicated that the time series of the response variable values is stationary and the series of values of the explanatory variable were nonstationary and that they were integrated of order one ( I(1) ), these tests also indicate that the random error terms are auto correlated and can be modeled according to the mixed autoregressive-moving average models ARMA(p,q), for these results we cannot use the classical estimation method to estimate our regression model, therefore, a fully modified M method was adopted, which is a robust estimation methods, The estimated results indicate a positive significant relation between the production of barley crop and cultivated area.

scholarly journals Does Foreign Direct Investment Influence Renewable Energy Consumption? Empirical Evidence from South Asian Countries

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 3470
Author(s):  
Xueqing Kang ◽  
Farman Ullah Khan ◽  
Raza Ullah ◽  
Muhammad Arif ◽  
Shams Ur Rehman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
The Relationship

In selected South Asian countries, the study intends to investigate the relationship between urban population (UP), carbon dioxide (CO2), trade openness (TO), gross domestic product (GDP), foreign direct investment (FDI), and renewable energy (RE). Fully modified ordinary least square (FMOLS) and dynamic ordinary least square (DOLS) models for estimation were used in the study, which covered yearly data from 1990 to 2019. We used Levin–Lin–Chu, Im–Pesaran–Shin, and Fisher PP tests for the stationarity of the variables. The outcomes of the panel cointegration approach looked at whether there was a long-run equilibrium nexus between selected variables in Pakistan, Bangladesh, India, and Sri Lanka. The FMOLS approach was also used to assess the relationship, and the results suggest that there is a significant and negative nexus between FDI and renewable energy in south Asian nations. The study’s findings reveal a strong and favorable relationship between GDP and renewable energy use. In South Asian nations (Sri Lanka, Pakistan, India, and Bangladesh), the FMOLS and DOLS findings are nearly identical, but the authors used the DOLS model for robustification. According to the findings, policymakers in South Asian economies (Sri Lanka, Pakistan, India, and Bangladesh) should view GDP and FDI as fundamental policy instruments for environmental sustainability. To reduce reliance on hazardous energy sources, the government should also reassure financial sectors to participate in renewable energy.

scholarly journals Does National Culture Have Any Impact on E-Government Usage?

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 29-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad I. Merhi
Keyword(s):  
National Culture ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Truncated Regression ◽  
Literacy Rate ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Actual Usage ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

The motivation of this article was the lack of empirical evidence regarding the relationship between culture and actual usage of ICTs/e-government. By using Hofstede's cultural framework, this article explains the influence of national culture on e-government usage across countries controlled by socio-economic factors, specifically, GDP and literacy rate. Data was collected from reputable organizations such as World Bank databases and Hofstede's website. Ordinary least square and truncated regression are used to test the hypotheses presented in this article. Results indicate that nearly all Hofstede's cultural dimensions and e-government usage are significantly related. In particular, this article indicates that the usage of e-government is higher in nations that score low in power distance, uncertainty avoidance, individualism and masculinity.

scholarly journals KAJIAN METODE ORDINARY LEAST SQUARE DAN ROBUST ESTIMASI M PADA MODEL REGRESI LINIER SEDERHANA YANG MEMUAT OUTLIER

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Zahrotul Aflakhah ◽  
Jajang Jajang ◽  
Agustini Tripena Br. Sb.
Keyword(s):  
Full Article ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Simple Linear Regression ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
M Estimation

This research discusses about the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) method and robust M-estimation method; compare between the Tukey bisquare and Huber weighting from simple linier regression models that contain outliers. Data are generated through simulation with the percentages of outliers and sample sizes. Each data will be formed into a simple linier regression model, then the percentage of outliers, RSE and MAD values are calculated. The results show that RSE and MAD values produced by a simple linear regression model with the OLS method are influenced by the percentage of outliers. However, the regression model of robust M-estimation with sample size 30, 60, 90, 120, and 150 results an unstable RSE values with the change of the percentage of outlier and the MAD values that are not affected by the percentage of outliers and sample size. The robust M-estimation method with Tukey Bisquare weighting is as good as the Huber weighting. Full Article

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