The Classification and Segmentation of Fetal Anatomies Ultrasound Image: A Survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 789-802
Author(s):  
Chunlin Song ◽  
Tao Gao ◽  
Hong Wang ◽  
Sud Sudirman ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Ultrasound Image ◽  
Future Trend ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Fetal Survival ◽  
Image Technique ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
Basic Ideas ◽  
New Research ◽  
Popular Image

Ultrasound imaging processing technology has been used in obstetric observation of the fetus and diagnosis of fetal diseases for more than half a century. It contains certain advantages and unique challenges which has been developed rapidly. From the perspective of ultrasound image analysis, at the very beginning, it is essential to determine fetal survival, gestational age and so on. Currently, the fetal anatomies ultrasound image analysis approaches have been studies and it has become an indispensable diagnostic tool for diagnosing fetal abnormalities, in order to gain more insight into the ongoing development of the fetus. Presently, it is the time to review previous approaches systematically in this field and to predict the directions of the future. Thus, this article reviews state-of-art approaches with the basic ideas, theories, pros and cons of ultrasound image technique for whole fetus with other anatomies. First of all, it summarizes the current pending problems and introduces the popular image processing methods, such as classification, segmentation etc. After that, the advantages and disadvantages in existing approaches as well as new research ideas are briefly discussed. Finally, the challenges and future trend are discussed.

A Review on Automatic Bill of Material Generation and Visual Inspection on PCBs

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mukhil Azhagan M. S ◽  
Dhwani Mehta ◽  
Hangwei Lu ◽  
Sudarshan Agrawal ◽  
Mark Tehranipoor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Visual Inspection ◽  
Automated System ◽  
Imaging Modalities ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Bill Of Materials ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
Index Terms ◽  
Image Analysis Techniques

Abstract Globalization and complexity of the PCB supply chain has made hardware assurance a challenging task. An automated system to extract the Bill of Materials (BoM) can save time and resources during the authentication process, however, there are numerous imaging modalities and image analysis techniques that can be used to create such a system. In this paper we review different imaging modalities and their pros and cons for automatic PCB inspection. In addition, image analysis techniques commonly used for such images are reviewed in a systematic way to provide a direction for future research in this area. Index Terms—Component Detection, PCB, Authentication, Image Analysis, Machine Learning

Beyond DNA-targeting in Cancer Chemotherapy. Emerging Frontiers- A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.N Mbugua ◽  
L.W Njenga ◽  
R.A Odhiambo ◽  
S.O Wandiga ◽  
M.O Onani
Keyword(s):  
Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide ◽  
Active Centre ◽  
Dna Targeting ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Cancer Pathogenesis ◽  
Ongoing Work ◽  
Target Dna ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
New Research ◽  
Innovative Drugs

: Modern anticancer drugs target DNA specifically on rapid division of malignant cells. One downside of this approach is that they also target other rapidly dividing healthy cells such as those involved in hair growth leading to serious toxic side effects and hair loss. Therefore, it would be better to develop novel agents that address cellular signalling mechanisms unique to cancerous cells, and new research is now focussing on such approaches. Although the classical chemotherapy area involving DNA as the set target continues to produce important findings, nevertheless, a distinctly discernible emerging trend is the divergence from the cisplatin operation model that uses the metal as the primary active centre of the drug. Many successful anti-cancer drugs present are associated with elevated toxicity levels. Cancers also develop immunity against most therapies and the area of cancer research can therefore be seen as an area with a high unaddressed need. Hence, ongoing work into cancer pathogenesis is important to create accurate preclinical tests which can contribute to the development of innovative drugs to manage and treat cancer. Some of the emergent frontiers utilizing different approaches include nanoparticles delivery, use of quantum dots, metal complexes, tumour ablation, magnetic hypothermia and hyperthermia by use of Superparamagnetic Iron oxide Nanostructures, pathomics and radiomics, laser surgery and exosomes. This review summarizes these new approaches in good detail giving critical views with necessary comparisons. It also delves into what they carry for the future including their advantages and disadvantages.

scholarly journals Microscopy Methods for Biofilm Imaging: Focus on SEM and VP-SEM Pros and Cons

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Michela Relucenti ◽  
Giuseppe Familiari ◽  
Orlando Donfrancesco ◽  
Maurizio Taurino ◽  
Xiaobo Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Ruthenium Red ◽  
Variable Pressure ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
Microscopy Techniques ◽  
Scanning Electron

Several imaging methodologies have been used in biofilm studies, contributing to deepening the knowledge on their structure. This review illustrates the most widely used microscopy techniques in biofilm investigations, focusing on traditional and innovative scanning electron microscopy techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), variable pressure SEM (VP-SEM), environmental SEM (ESEM), and the more recent ambiental SEM (ASEM), ending with the cutting edge Cryo-SEM and focused ion beam SEM (FIB SEM), highlighting the pros and cons of several methods with particular emphasis on conventional SEM and VP-SEM. As each technique has its own advantages and disadvantages, the choice of the most appropriate method must be done carefully, based on the specific aim of the study. The evaluation of the drug effects on biofilm requires imaging methods that show the most detailed ultrastructural features of the biofilm. In this kind of research, the use of scanning electron microscopy with customized protocols such as osmium tetroxide (OsO4), ruthenium red (RR), tannic acid (TA) staining, and ionic liquid (IL) treatment is unrivalled for its image quality, magnification, resolution, minimal sample loss, and actual sample structure preservation. The combined use of innovative SEM protocols and 3-D image analysis software will allow for quantitative data from SEM images to be extracted; in this way, data from images of samples that have undergone different antibiofilm treatments can be compared.

scholarly journals Swarm Robotic Interactions in an Open and Cluttered Environment: A Survey

Designs ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Maxime Vaidis ◽  
Martin J.-D. Otis
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Research Trends ◽  
Cluttered Environment ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Population Migrations ◽  
New Research ◽  
Interaction Strategy ◽  
Crowded Environment

Recent population migrations have led to numerous accidents and deaths. Little research has been done to help migrants in their journey. For this reason, a literature review of the latest research conducted in previous years is required to identify new research trends in human-swarm interaction. This article presents a review of techniques that can be used in a robots swarm to find, locate, protect and help migrants in hazardous environment such as militarized zone. The paper presents a swarm interaction taxonomy including a detailed study on the control of swarm with and without interaction. As the interaction mainly occurs in cluttered or crowded environment (with obstacles) the paper discussed the algorithms related to navigation that can be included with an interaction strategy. It focused on comparing algorithms and their advantages and disadvantages.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Digestive Activation Level of a Small Intestine by Abdominal Ultrasound Image Analysis

2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 81-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osamu SAKATA ◽  
Yutaka SUZUKI ◽  
Ken-ichi MATSUDA ◽  
Takaaki SATAKE
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Ultrasound Image ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Activation Level

scholarly journals Combined learning, a good solution for Vietnamese universities

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-85
Author(s):  
Pham Thi Thu Hoa
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Information Technology ◽  
Online Learning ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Traditional Classroom ◽  
Learning System ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Online System ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Pros And Cons

Information technology has created tremendous chances in higher education across the globe. With the availability and flexibility of learning online, there are increasing competitions between online learning and traditional, face-to-face classroom. These two types of learning both have their pros and cons. From the advantages and disadvantages of online learning, universities have recently changed the way of their teaching through combining online learning and traditional classroom. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate and understand the advancements of the combination of the two types of learning. In this paper, we will introduce the advantages and disadvantages of online learning and the combined learning. We also share our experience on teaching at Flinders University, South Australia through Flinders learning online system. From this knowledge, we will suggest some solutions about building a combined learning system which is suitable for Vietnamese universities.

scholarly journals The pros and cons pertaining to tuberculosis and tuberculosis protocols

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 641-646
Author(s):  
Rishan Singh
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Drug Action ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Treatment Protocols ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Care Facilities ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
Plant Compounds

There are many pros and cons with the protocols used to diagnose patient with TB, particularly because research isn't able to correlate findings with the virulence of the tuberculosis pathogen. This has resulted in further experiments to try optimise protocols for better evaluation of susceptible and resistant tuberculosis strains. This indicates the need for more health-care facilities to treat patients with tuberculosis, or co-tuberculosis infections, more precisely. This article presents some advantages and disadvantages of tuberculosis treatment protocols, with emphasis on drugs, tuberculosis data sets and the administration of plant compounds. This paper also highlights some points on the mechanism of drug action with tuberculosis. Controversies and the present status of tuberculosis studies are also commented on. This is the first (generalised) paper to highlight laboratory as well as non-laboratory points pertaining to tuberculosis and tuberculosis protocols.

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