The Fabrication of Polymethyl Methacrylate Nozzles for Electrohydrodynamic Printing

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 1735-1741
Author(s):  
E. Cheng ◽  
Xue Yang ◽  
Zhifu Yin ◽  
Wei Hu ◽  
Lu Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymethyl Methacrylate ◽  
Maximum Stress ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Glass Capillary ◽  
Nozzle Clogging ◽  
Bonding Condition ◽  
Electrohydrodynamic Printing ◽  
Jet Printing ◽  
Inner Diameter ◽  
Bonding Rate

Electrohydrodynamic (EHD) jet printing enables rapid prototyping high-resolution and low-cost lines with width of micrometer or even nanometer. However, EHD printing always suffers from nozzle clogging when the nozzle inner-diameter decrease to micro-scale. Thus fabrication of low cost nozzles becomes significantly important. In this work, 50 μm wide and 12.5 μm deep PMMA (Polymethyl Methacrylate) nozzles were fabricated without using traditional expensive glass capillary pulling approach. To replicate PMMA nozzle with high precision, the embossing condition was optimized according to replication precision, the deformation rate, and maximum stress. To nearly fully bond PMMA nozzle with intact PMMA microchannel, the bonding condition was optimized according the bonding rate and dimension loss of PMMA microchannel. The availability of the fabricated PMMA nozzle was finally verified by EHD printing experiments.

Design of the Vitreous Bio-Micro-Channel Fabricating Device in Microfluidic System

2014 ◽  
Vol 635-637 ◽  
pp. 1308-1314
Author(s):  
Gui Zhong Tian ◽  
Wei Long Cao ◽  
Hong Gen Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Functional Unit ◽  
Biaxial Tension ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Circular Cross Section ◽  
Heating Time ◽  
Outer Diameter ◽  
Micro Channel ◽  
Glass Capillary ◽  
Inner Diameter ◽  
Functional Units

In order to improve the structure, section shape and inner flow performance of micro-channel in Micro-fluidic system, a novel fabricating process of bio-micro-channel (BMC) is proposed based on the softening and forming property of glass material. By the manipulation of heating, pulling and blowing, a bio-micro-channel is made from glass capillary with specific functional units. A vitreous bio-micro-channel fabricating device (VBMCFD) is presented with working models of uniaxial and biaxial tension. Using common borosilicate glass capillary as experimental material, the affecting parameters of micro channel inner diameter, outer diameter, thickness and functional unit key parameter are tested, such as heating voltage, heating time, pulling velocity, pulling displacement and inner pressure. The bio-micro-channel is fabricated with micron scale inner diameter, about 5μm, and spherical functional unit. The experimental results show that the prototype of VBMCFD is characterized by reliable process, simple structure, low cost, etc. The vitreous bio-micro-channel is fabricated with circular-cross-section straight channels and uniform functional units, which are the key characters of biologic micro-channel.

scholarly journals Low-Cost Customized Cranioplasty with Polymethyl Methacrylate Using 3D Printer Generated Mold: An Institutional Experience and Review of Literature

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ankit Chaudhary ◽  
Virendra Deo Sinha ◽  
Sanjeev Chopra ◽  
Jitendra Shekhawat ◽  
Gaurav Jain
Keyword(s):  
Polymethyl Methacrylate ◽  
Bone Fractures ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Operating Time ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Wound Dehiscence ◽  
3D Printer ◽  
Skull Defects ◽  
Aesthetic Appearance ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background Cranioplasty is performed to repair skull defects and to restore normal skull anatomy. Optimal reconstruction remains a topic of debate. Autologous bone flap is the standard option but it may not be available due to traumatic bone fractures, bone infection, and resorption. The authors present their experience with prefabrication of precise and low-cost polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) mold using three-dimensional (3D) digital printing. Methods A total of 30 patients underwent cranioplasty between March 2017 and September 2019 at Sawai Man Singh Medical College Jaipur, India. Preoperative data included diagnosis for which decompressive craniectomy was done and Glasgow coma scale score. Intraoperative data included operating time. Postoperative data included cosmetic outcome in the form of cranial contour and margins, complications such as infection, seroma, implant failure, wound dehiscence, and hematoma. Results Patient age at cranioplasty ranged from 12 to 63 years with a mean age of 36.7 years. The mean operating time was 151.6 minutes (range 130–190 minutes). The mean follow-up period was 8 months (range 6–13 months). Postoperative wound dehiscence developed in one case (3.3%). Cranial contour and approximation of the margins were excellent and aesthetic appearance improved in all patients. Conclusion Low-cost PMMA implant made by digital 3D printer mold is associated with reconstruction of the deformed skull contour giving satisfactory results to the patient and his family members, at a low cost compared with other commercially available implants. This technique could be a breakthrough in cranioplasty.

Direct patterning of conductive carbon nanotube/polystyrene sulfonate composites via electrohydrodynamic jet printing for use in organic field-effect transistors

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (22) ◽  
pp. 4912-4919 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Jin Jeong ◽  
Xinlin Lee ◽  
Jaehyun Bae ◽  
Jaeyoung Jang ◽  
Sang Woo Joo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Field Effect ◽  
Field Effect Transistors ◽  
Polystyrene Sulfonate ◽  
Organic Field Effect Transistors ◽  
Direct Patterning ◽  
Electrohydrodynamic Jet Printing ◽  
Electrohydrodynamic Printing ◽  
Jet Printing

Conductive MWCNT/PSS composites have been directly patterned via electrohydrodynamic printing for application as source/drain electrodes in organic field-effect transistors.

scholarly journals Direct Printing and Electrical Characterization of Conductive Micro-Silver Tracks by Alternating Current-Pulse Modulated Electrohydrodynamic Jet Printing

2016 ◽  
Vol 139 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hantang Qin ◽  
Chuang Wei ◽  
Jingyan Dong ◽  
Yuan-Shin Lee
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Prototyping ◽  
Flexible Electronics ◽  
Electrical Characterization ◽  
Alternating Current ◽  
Curing Temperature ◽  
Lab On Chip ◽  
Electrohydrodynamic Printing ◽  
Jet Printing ◽  
On Chip ◽  
Insulating Substrates

In this paper, a rapid prototyping method for fabrication of highly conductive micropatterns on insulating substrates was developed and evaluated. Sub-20 μm microstructures were printed on flexible insulating substrates using alternating current (AC) modulated electrohydrodynamic jet (e-jet) printing. The presented technique resolved the challenge of current rapid prototyping methods in terms of limited resolution and conductivity for microelectronic components for flexible electronics. Significant variables of fabrication process, including voltage, plotting speeds, curing temperature, and multilayer effect, were investigated to achieve reliable printing of silver tracks. Sub-20 μm silver tracks were successfully fabricated with resistivity about three times than bulk silver on flexible substrates, which indicates the potential applications of electrohydrodynamic printing in flexible electronics and medical applications, such as lab-on-chip systems.

Novel Flexible NH3 Gas Sensor Prepared by Ink-Jet Printing Technique

2012 ◽  
Vol 506 ◽  
pp. 39-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Wongchoosuk ◽  
P. Jangtawee ◽  
P. Lokavee ◽  
S. Udomrat ◽  
P. Sudkeaw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Sensor ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Metal Electrode ◽  
Ink Jet Printing ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Sensing Mechanism ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Ink Jet ◽  
Polymer Metal ◽  
Jet Printing

We have fabricated a low-cost and flexible NH3 gas sensor using thermal ink-jet printing. The poly (3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene) doped with polystyrene sulfonated acid (PEDOT/PSS) with thickness of ~ 2 μm was used as a sensing film. The interdigitated electrode using patterned aluminum plate was attached over the sensing film. Atomic force microscopy results show the high homogeneous film and only small roughness is presented on the sensing film. This sensor exhibits high selectivity and sensitivity to NH3 at room temperature. The sensor response works linearly with gas concentrations between 100-1000 ppm. The modulation of conducting polymer/metal electrode interface plays a role in the sensing mechanism of NH3. Changes in the position of interdigitated electrodes can change the dominant sensing mechanism of typical polymer gas sensor.

scholarly journals Development of a Passive Prosthetic Hand That Restores Finger Movements Made by Additive Manufacturing

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 4148
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Cézar da Silveira Romero ◽  
André Argueso Machado ◽  
Kliftom Amorim Costa ◽  
Paulo Henrique Rodriguês Guilherme Reis ◽  
Pedro Paiva Brito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Tensile Testing ◽  
Maximum Stress ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Human Hand ◽  
Prosthetic Hand ◽  
Plastic Deformations ◽  
Printing Parameters

This work aims to develop a low-cost human hand prosthesis manufactured through additive manufacturing. The methodology used for the development of the prosthesis used affordable and low-cost materials in the market. Tensile testing was performed to estimate the mechanical properties in order to verify the resistance of the printing material used. Afterwards, the mechanical feasibility study executed on the device was performed using finite element method. In conclusion, we can observe fundamental factors that influence the 3D printing process, especially in relation to its printing parameters and mechanical properties. Maximum stress, yield stress, modulus of elasticity, elongation, and hardness are the prominent properties that should be considered when choosing the polymeric material. The numerical simulation showed that the structure of the prosthesis did not present plastic deformations to the applied loads, proving its mechanical viability.

Low-cost display assembly and interconnect using ink-jet printing technology

2001 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald J. Hayes ◽  
W. Royall Cox ◽  
Michael E. Grove
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Printing Technology ◽  
Ink Jet Printing ◽  
Ink Jet ◽  
Jet Printing

Ink-jet printing of ferroelectric poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene) copolymers

2005 ◽  
Vol 889 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shihai Zhang ◽  
Ziqi Liang ◽  
Qing Wang ◽  
Q.M. Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Vinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Gold Surface ◽  
Bulk Sample ◽  
Boiling Temperature ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Ink Jet Printing ◽  
Ink Jet ◽  
Poly Vinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Jet Printing

AbstractPoly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene) [P(VDF-TrFE)] copolymers are well known for their excellent ferroelectric and other related properties and they are being exploited as active components in many microdevices such as ferroelectric memory cells and infrared sensors. Compared with conventional photolithography, ink-jet printing provides a low-cost versatile method to fabricate polymer micro-devices. In this paper, the influences of driving waveform at the jet head, ink concentration, substrate chemistry, and the solvent quality on the printed P(VDF-TrFE) dots were investigated. It was found that well-defined P(VDF-TrFE) micro-dots with diameter of less than 30 mm and thickness of ∼1 μm can be printed by using a mixed solvent system, consisting of a good solvent with relatively low boiling temperature and a poor solvent with high boiling temperature, on perfluorinated hydrophobic gold surface. The printed P(VDF-TrFE) micro-dots possess crystallinity comparable to that of the bulk sample, suggesting that ink-jet printing technology is a promising micro-fabrication technology for manufacturing P(VDF-TrFE)-based micro-sensors and other micro-devices.

Recent Developments in Light-Emitting Polymers

MRS Bulletin ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 451-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian D. Rees ◽  
Kay L. Robinson ◽  
Andrew B. Holmes ◽  
Carl R. Towns ◽  
Richard O'Dell
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Applications ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Major Focus ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Direct Patterning ◽  
Ink Jet ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Jet Printing ◽  
New Generation

AbstractConjugated light-emitting polymers (LEPs) have real potential to serve as the active layer in a new generation of emissive displays. Emerging as lead candidates for first-generation displays are poly(1,4-phenylene vinylene)s (PPVs) and poly(9,9-dialkylfluorene)s, as well as other polyaromatic materials. The poly(fluorene)s are at present the most commercially developed of these LEP materials for red–green–blue (RGB) applications. The low power consumption of LEP devices in general makes them particularly suited to mobile applications. Combining solution-processable emissive polymers with direct-patterning methods such as ink-jet printing will lead to the possibility of low-cost, high-resolution displays. The synthesis and properties of PPVs and poly(9,9-dialkylfluorene)s are briefly reviewed in this article, with a major focus on recent developments.

Glass Capillary Tension Feed System Structure Design

2014 ◽  
Vol 618 ◽  
pp. 492-497
Author(s):  
Shan Chen ◽  
Zhi Yuan Yao
Keyword(s):  
Structure Design ◽  
System Structure ◽  
Sequencing Technology ◽  
Glass Capillary ◽  
Feed System ◽  
Nanofluidic Devices ◽  
Inner Diameter ◽  
Capillary Tension ◽  
Control Accuracy ◽  
Moving Parts

The nanofluidic devices with the nanopores are the foundation of the third generation of the DNA sequencing technology. Comparing with the traditional nanopores constructed on the nanofilms, the nanofluidic devices made by the SiO2 have higher stiffness, strength and stability. We study on the structure design of glass capillary tension feed system, used in manufacture of the nanofluidic devices with the nanopores. Firstly, we design glass capillary tension feed system, including the mechanical moving parts, heating parts and the control parts, which is used to heat glass capillary and stretch it to get glass capillary with a smaller inner diameter in need. Among them, the control accuracy of the moving parts is up to 1μm, the heating range of heating parts is less than 5mm, and the temperature can reach 1500 ̊C. Then we make a prototype, and do some experiments with it. According to the experiment results, the system can be used for glass capillary tension, and the inner diameter of the nanoglass capillary stretched by this system is as small as 500 nm.

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