Preparation of ZrO2 in SiC coating via hydrothermal method and sintering process onto carbon/carbon composite

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1997-2003
Author(s):  
Zu-Li Mao ◽  
Li Yang ◽  
Jie Wu
Keyword(s):  
Hydrothermal Method ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Carbon Composite ◽  
Elemental Distribution ◽  
Sintering Process ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Carbon Phase ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Sem Image ◽  
Chemical States

To reduce the defects in SiC coating, a SiC/ZrO2 composite is prepared and coated onto carbon/carbon composite via hydrothermal method and sintering process. The microstructure, surface morphology, chemical states, and elemental distribution of SiC/ZrO2 coating are analysed with X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). In addition, we analyze the tribological behavior of the SiC and SiC/SiC/ZrO2 coatings and the related microstructure. The results show that SiC/ZrO2 coating is composed of SiC phase, ZrO2 phase, carbon phase, and SiO2 phase. EDS results show that Si, C, O, and Zr elements are present in the SiC/ZrO2 coating. Moreover, XPS results show the presence of SiC, ZrO2, and SiO2. According to the SEM image, the coating is dense except for some observable cracks. Notably, specimens with the SiC/ZrO2 coating have smaller, more stable friction coefficients and less weight loss than specimens with the SiC-only coating. The formation of ZrO2 strengthens the SiC coating, while the SiO2 formed in the coating acts as a lubricant and reduces the friction coefficient of the coating.

scholarly journals In-Depth Characterization of Secondary Phases in Cu2ZnSnS4 Film and Its Application to Solar Cells

Nanomaterials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 855 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianfeng Zhang ◽  
Hongde Wu ◽  
Engang Fu ◽  
Yuehui Wang
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cell ◽  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Czts Film ◽  
Elemental Distribution ◽  
Secondary Phases ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Chemical States ◽  
Czts Thin Films

Secondary phases are common in Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) thin films, which can be fatal to the performance of solar cell devices fabricated from this material. They are difficult to detect by X-Ray diffraction (XRD) because of the weak peak in spectra compared with the CZTS layer. Herein, it was found that in-depth elemental distribution by a secondary ion mass spectroscopy method illustrated uniform film composition in the bulk with slight fluctuation between different grains. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurement was conducted after sputtering the layer with different depths. An Auger electron spectrum with Auger parameter were used to check the chemical states of elements and examine the distribution of secondary phases in the CZTS films. Secondary phases of CuS, ZnS and SnS were detected at the surface of the CZTS film within a 50-nm thickness while no secondary phases were discovered in the bulk. The solar cell fabricated with the as-grown CZTS films showed a conversion efficiency of 2.1% (Voc: 514.3 mV, Jsc: 10.4 mA/cm2, FF: 39.3%) with an area of 0.2 cm2 under a 100 mW/cm2 illumination. After a 50-nm sputtering on the CZTS film, the conversion efficiency of the solar cell was improved to 6.2% (Voc: 634.0 mV, Jsc: 17.3 mA/cm2, FF: 56.9%).

Characterization of X-ray irradiated graphene oxide coatings using X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy

2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas N. Blanton ◽  
Debasis Majumdar
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Force Microscopy ◽  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
High Energy ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Carbon Phase ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Before And After

In an effort to study an alternative approach to make graphene from graphene oxide (GO), exposure of GO to high-energy X-ray radiation has been performed. X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) have been used to characterize GO before and after irradiation. Results indicate that GO exposed to high-energy radiation is converted to an amorphous carbon phase that is conductive.

scholarly journals Room-Temperature Formation of Hard BCx Films by Low Power Magnetron Sputtering

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (21) ◽  
pp. 9896
Author(s):  
Veronica Sulyaeva ◽  
Maxim Khomyakov ◽  
Marina Kosinova
Keyword(s):  
Magnetron Sputtering ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Film Properties ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Sputtering Power ◽  
Chemical States ◽  
Rf Signal ◽  
Dual Target

Boron carbide is one of the most important non-metallic materials. Amorphous BCx films were synthesized at room temperature by single- and dual-target magnetron sputtering processes. A B4C target and C target were operated using an RF signal and a DC signal, respectively. The effect of using single- and dual-target deposition and process parameters on the chemical bonding and composition of the films as well as their functional properties were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray energy dispersive analysis, X-ray diffraction, ellipsometry, and spectrophotometry. It was found that the film properties depend on the sputtering power and the used targets. EDX data show that the composition of the samples varied from B2C to practically BC2 in the case of using an additional C target. According to the XPS data, it corresponds to the different chemical states of the boron atom. A nanoindentation study showed that the film with a composition close to B2C deposited with the highest B4C target power reached a hardness of 25 GPa and Young’s modulus of 230 GPa. The optical properties of the films also depend on the composition, so the band gap (Eg) of the BCx film varied in the range of 2.1–2.8 eV, while the Eg of the carbon-rich films decreased to 1.1 eV.

Li-DOPING EFFECT ON THE CATHODOLUMINESCENT PROPERTIES OF Y2O3:Eu3+ PHOSPHORS

2007 ◽  
Vol 14 (04) ◽  
pp. 535-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. BAE ◽  
J. H. YOON ◽  
S. K. PARK ◽  
J. P. KIM ◽  
E. D. JEONG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Morphology ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Luminescent Properties ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Li Doping ◽  
Enhanced Photoluminescence ◽  
Chemical States ◽  
Structural Surface ◽  
The Relationship

Influence of lithium doping on the crystallization, the surface morphology, the chemical states and the luminescent properties of Y 2 O 3: Eu 3+ phosphors was investigated. The structural, surface morphology characteristics and chemical states of the phosphors were analyzed by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), respectively. The crystallinity, the surface morphology, and the cathodoluminescence (CL) of phosphors highly depended on the Li doping. The relationship between the crystalline and morphological structures and the luminescent properties was studied, and Li + doping affected not only the crystallinity but also the luminescent brightness of Y 2 O 3: Eu 3+ phosphors. In particular, the incorporation of the Li + ion into the Y 2 O 3 lattice could induce remarkable increase in the CL intensity. The enhanced photoluminescence brightness with Li doping may result both from the improved crystallinity leading to higher oscillating strengths for the optical transitions, and the increased surface area due to the larger particle sizes. The strongest emission intensity was observed with Li doped Y 2 O 3: Eu 3+ ceramics whose brightness was increased by a factor of 1.8 in comparison with that of Y 2 O 3: Eu 3+ ceramics.

Photocatalytic Degradation of Indigo Carmine by ZnO-Cu2O/Graphene Oxide Composites Synthesized via Hydrothermal Method

2013 ◽  
Vol 668 ◽  
pp. 105-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huai Di Wu ◽  
Lu Sheng Chen ◽  
Jin Chao Hu
Keyword(s):  
Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Hydrothermal Method ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Indigo Carmine ◽  
Synthesis Temperature ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Synthesis Time ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Oxide Composites

In this work, ZnO–Cu2O/graphene oxide (GO) composites have been synthesized by using simple hydrothermal method. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were used to characterize the crystal structure and composite elements. The photocatalytic activity of the composites has been conducted by measuring the degradation of indigo carmine under UV irradiation. When the atom ratio of Zn/Cu is 5/2, 120 °C of hydrothermal synthesis temperature and 20 h of synthesis time, the ZnO/Cu2O/GO composite exhibits good photocatalytic activity with 96.5% degradation rate of indigo carmine aqueous solution under 500 W high pressure Hg lamp irradiation for 240 min.

scholarly journals Study of Crystallization and Composition on Silicon Oxycarbide (SiOC) and Silicon Boron Oxycarbide (SiBOC) Ceramics Obtained from Alkoxysilanes Precursors

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Segatelli ◽  
Patricia Sanchez ◽  
Lívia Silva ◽  
Maria Silva ◽  
César Tarley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Annealing Time ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Boron Content ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Silicon Oxycarbide ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Carbon Phase ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Phase Development ◽  
Xrd Patterns

This work deals on the preparation of silicon oxycarbide (SiOC) and silicon boron oxycarbide (SiBOC) ceramics from pyrolysis involving alkoxysilanes with different organic groups. Boron content, organic substituent and annealing time were evaluated on crystallization and composition of resulting ceramics. B-free precursors composed of methyltriethoxysilane (MTES), phenyltriethoxysilane (PTES) and vinyltrimethoxysilane (VTMS) were obtained by the sol-gel method, whilst B-containing precursors were prepared by adding to each alkoxysilane a proper amount of boric acid resulting in B/Si atomic ratios of 0.1 and 0.5. Precursors were pyrolyzed at 1500 °C for 1 and 3 h to produce respective SiOC and SiBOC ceramics. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns revealed enhanced SiC phase crystallization for PTES-derived ceramics, followed by those containing vinyl and methyl groups, which was also confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) from percentages of Si-C and Si-O bonds. Csp2 and Csp3 amounts varied among ceramics, indicating direct influence of organic substituent on conductive carbon phase development. Boron addition induced the growth of SiC crystallites, having more evident effect in matrices with higher proportions of amorphous fraction and lower residual carbon amounts. Organic group nature, boron content and annealing time played an important role for production and evolution of SiC and C phases into ceramics.

Marked Enhancement of Photocatalytic Activity of P-Doped TiO2 with Hydrothermal Method

2010 ◽  
Vol 113-116 ◽  
pp. 2150-2153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Si Yao Guo ◽  
Feng Lu Wang ◽  
Jin Bing Sun ◽  
Lin Yang ◽  
Feng Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
Hydrothermal Method ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Physical Adsorption ◽  
Anatase Phase ◽  
Titania Nanoparticles ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
One Step ◽  
Doped Titania

Phosphor-doped titania nanoparticles were synthesized by a one step hydrothermal method. These samples which prepared by hydrothermal method exist in anatase phase has much higher photocatalytic activity for methylene blue (MB) degradation. In addition, MB degradation performance of the hydrothermal ones is also superior to that of the commercial P25. The resulting materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), nitrogen physical adsorption at 77 K, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), etc. It can conclude the hydrothermal method proves to be more suitable to improve the photocatalytic performance.

Visible-Light-Driven TiO2 Catalysts Doped with Two Different Nonmetal Species by Hydrothermal Method

2011 ◽  
Vol 183-185 ◽  
pp. 591-594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guang Sheng Chen ◽  
Si Yao Guo ◽  
Feng Zhang ◽  
Song Han
Keyword(s):  
Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
Hydrothermal Method ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Organophosphorus Pesticide ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Anatase Titania ◽  
Visible Light Driven ◽  
Doped Titania ◽  
Test Result

The doping TiO2 were prepared by hydrothermal method with two different nonmetal, that is N-doped, and N, S codoped. The resulting materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). According to the test result, nitrogen and sulfur co-doped titania give a higher photocatalytic activity in the degradation of organophosphorus pesticide. It was evidenced that the incorporation N in the anatase titania lattice in the form of O–Ti–N linkages. However, we compared with N-doped and N, S codoped it was no reservation to conclude that N, S codoped titania exhibit the further enhanced photocatalytic activity.

Phase Transformation of Cu-Mo-C Powder during Mechanical Alloying and Annealing Process

2011 ◽  
Vol 233-235 ◽  
pp. 1678-1683
Author(s):  
Ke Sheng Zuo ◽  
Sheng Qi Xi ◽  
Jing En Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transformation ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Graphite Powder ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Milling Process ◽  
Carbon Powder ◽  
Sintering Process ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray

The allotropes of graphite and activated carbon were mixed with Cu and Mo powder, respectively. And the two groups of mixtures were high-energy milled and annealed. X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and DSC/TG were used to investigate the phase transformation during the milling and sintering process. For both groups of powder milled, Mo was hard to dissolve in Cu, and C mainly congregated in the surface of Cu powder. When Cu-Mo-graphite powder as milled was annealed, Mo2C was formed. In comparison to Cu-Mo-graphite alloyed powder, Cu-Mo-activated carbon powder partially formed Cu oxide and Mo oxide with higher binding energy during milling process, which caused higher reduction temperature of Cu oxide and reaction temperature of Mo2C.This template explains and demonstrates how to prepare your camera-ready paper for Trans Tech Publications. The best is to read these instructions and follow the outline of this text.

Phosphorus Doped Titania Materials: Synthesis, Characterization and Visible-Light Photocatalytic Activity

2011 ◽  
Vol 183-185 ◽  
pp. 2059-2062 ◽  
Author(s):  
Song Han ◽  
Jin Bing Sun ◽  
Si Yao Guo ◽  
Li Jiang ◽  
Dong Po He
Keyword(s):  
Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
Hydrothermal Method ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Physical Adsorption ◽  
Titania Nanoparticles ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Materials Synthesis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Titania Photocatalyst ◽  
Doped Titania

Hierarchical mesoporous Phosphor-doped titania nanoparticles were synthesized by two different method, that is roasting method and hydrothermal method. The samples prepared by hydrothermal method has much higher photocatalytic activity. In addition, MB degradation performance of the hydrothermal ones is also superior to that of the commercial P25. Therefore, the methylene blue (MB) degradation performance on the phosphorous-doped photocatalyst is much enhanced and superior to that of the commercial P25. The hydrothermal method proves to be very suitable for the synthesis of P-doped titania photocatalyst. The resulting materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), nitrogen physical adsorption at 77 K, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and solar light spectroscopy.

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