Effect of Preparation of β2M Nano Antibody Adsorbent for Blood Purification on Dialysis Complications in Patients with Renal Failure

In order to purify blood and adsorb β2M, a highly selective immunosorbent biomaterial based on nano antibody was designed. First of all, nanoantibodies against β2M in patients with renal failure are screened by phage display library technology. After 4 rounds of screening, 12 kinds of monoclonal phage samples are compared by ELISA, and the highest affinity sequence A53 is obtained. Then, the nano antibody A53 is transferred into two kinds of host bacteria respectively, and the host E. coli Shuffle T7 is selected, and then purified by nickel column affinity, thus obtaining high purity nano antibody A53S. Five kinds of nano antibody adsorbents are prepared by using A53S as a component of adsorbent. The results show that the effect of D series adsorbent with ɛ-poly-L-lysine as spacer is better, but the ligand density should be adjusted reasonably to ensure the activity of nanoantibody protein. When the loading concentration of β2M is set to 1.8 mg/ml, adsorbent D-1 can adsorb 11.78 mg/ml of dynamic adsorption capacity of β2M. This index is significantly higher than the dynamic adsorption capacity of plasma system under the same conditions (P < 0.05), which proves that the nano antibody adsorbent biomaterial can effectively adsorb β2M, thus reducing the probability of dialysis complications.

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Overview of blood purification in uremia

The International Journal of Artificial Organs ◽

10.1177/039139888000300402 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 3 (4) ◽

pp. 203-208

Author(s):

B.T. Burton

Keyword(s):

Renal Failure ◽

Peritoneal Dialysis ◽

Renal Transplantation ◽

Rejection Rate ◽

Blood Purification ◽

Maintenance Hemodialysis ◽

Dialysis Patients ◽

Transplant Patients ◽

Maintenance Dialysis ◽

Transplanted Kidneys

Today, management of irreversible renal failure is based primarily on maintenance hemodialysis and renal transplantation with a growing minority of patients treated by peritoneal dialysis. With regard to renal transplantation — the early promise of renal transplantation in the mid 1960's has given way to the realities of the late 1970's. There have been no major changes in the rejection rate of transplanted kidneys in recent years though today's mortality of transplant patients is considerably reduced over what it used to be. Moreover, universally the lack of availability of a sufficient number of organs for transplantation poses a formidable problem. It is all too apparent that current methods of blood purification in uremia are far from optimal. Even though the mortality in maintenance dialysis is relatively low, hemodialysis is characterized by a variety of complications and most maintenance dialysis patients are not optimally rehabilitated.

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#92: What Is the Optimal Management of Patients Immunosuppressed with the Anti-compliment Monoclonal Antibody, Eculizumab? A Case Report and Review

Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society ◽

10.1093/jpids/piaa170.034 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. S12-S12

Author(s):

I Tinoco ◽

A Jarrell ◽

L Correa ◽

J Bissler ◽

J DeVincenzo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Monoclonal Antibody ◽

Renal Failure ◽

Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽

Neisseria Meningitidis ◽

Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria ◽

Neisseria Species ◽

E Coli ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Prescribing Information ◽

Rabbit Complement

Abstract Background Patients with deficiencies of terminal components of complement are at hundreds to thousands fold increased risk of severe and fatal Neisseria spp. infections compared with the general population. Eculizumab is a newly approved monoclonal antibody C5 complement inhibitor. It is indicated for the treatment of atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (atypical HUS), myasthenia gravis, and paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria. Because of the complement-depleting effect of Eculizumab dosing (Soliris®, Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Munich, Germany), patients are immunosuppressed for specific infectious pathogens (including Neisseria species) against which protection partially relies on normal complement activity. Because Eculizumab treatment is associated with a dramatically increased risk of Neisseria species. infections, recommendations for Neisseria meningitidis vaccination and antibiotic prophylaxis are contained in Eculizumab prescribing information. However, the most appropriate prevention of infections after Eculizumab has yet to be determined. Methods Case report and literature review. Results A previously healthy 7-year-old male was diagnosed with atypical HUS which included renal failure progressing to dialysis, persistent thrombocytopenia, hemolytic anemia, and hemoglobinuria. Stool cultures and a stool multiplex PCR panel did not detect Shiga-like producing E. coli nor E. coli O157/H7. Eculizumab dosing was therefore planned and Infectious Diseases consultation was obtained for appropriate preventions. The FDA Prescribing Information recommends Neisseria meningitidis vaccination before starting Eculizumab or, if immediate Eculizumab is necessary, to use antibiotic prophylaxis until 2 weeks after vaccination. The accepted protective titer after meningococcal vaccination is population based and uses the serum bactericidal assay (SBA). An antibody titer of >1:4 (human compliment) or 1:8 (rabbit complement) is considered protective. However, this “gold standard” assay incorporates the use of exogenous human or rabbit complement. The protective SBA titers in subjects with terminal complement component deficiencies may not be properly assessed using these same SBA titer protective thresholds. Furthermore, serious meningococcal infections have occurred after appropriate vaccination in patients receiving chronic Eculizumab treatments (ie for paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria). Finally, SBA protective levels after single Neisseria meningitidis vaccination have not been achieved in majorities of patients with renal failure receiving dialysis and or transplant immunosuppression. Conclusions The current Eculizumab prescribing information recommendations for vaccination and antimicrobial prophylaxis may be inadequate to prevent serious Neisseria infections. Repeated Neisseria meningitidis vaccination and extended antibiotic prophylaxis may afford better protection in patients chronically dosed with Eculizumab.

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Surgical complications of peritoneal dialysis in children with acute kidney failure

Pediatrician (St Petersburg) ◽

10.17816/ped11357-63 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 57-63

Author(s):

Dmitrii A. Dobroserdov ◽

Mikhail V. Shchebenkov ◽

Alexey L. Shavkin

Keyword(s):

Renal Failure ◽

Acute Renal Failure ◽

Peritoneal Dialysis ◽

North West ◽

The North ◽

Specialized Center ◽

Uremic Syndrome ◽

Specialized Department ◽

Dialysis Complications

The dialysis department of the Childrens City Multidisciplinary Clinical Specialized Center for High Medical Technologies has been operating since 1977 and is the only specialized department in the North-West Region of the Russian Federation that provides assistance to children with both acute and chronic renal failure. Peritoneal dialysis is the treatment of choice for children with acute renal failure, the most common cause of which is hemolytic-uremic syndrome. Despite widely used measures to improve the results of peritoneal dialysis, complications are extremely common. The article analyzes the complications of peritoneal dialysis in children with acute renal failure who were treated in a hospital from 2008 to 2018. The emphasis in the study is on the analysis of complications of peritoneal dialysis, in the treatment of which the surgeon actively participated or should have taken part in. If the problem of acute renal failure is multidisciplinary in the sense that it requires the participation of nephrologists, resuscitators, infectious disease specialists, then if necessary, renal replacement therapy requires the surgeon to become not only a specialist providing access, but also a full-fledged participant in the treatment process. As follows from the foregoing, the surgeons actions depend not only on the quality of dialysis, but also the timeliness and adequacy of treatment of complications, which ultimately improves or worsens the quality of medical care in general.

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Removal of VOCs Using Sludge-Based Adsorbents

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.599.305 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 599 ◽

pp. 305-308 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ping Fang ◽

Chao Ping Cen ◽

Hong Tao Zhang ◽

Zi Jun Tang ◽

Ding Sheng Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Adsorption Capacity ◽

Physical Adsorption ◽

Low Cost ◽

Fixed Bed ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Langmuir Adsorption Isotherm ◽

Fixed Bed Reactor ◽

Dynamic Adsorption ◽

Langmuir Adsorption ◽

Isotherm Equations

Efficient and cost-effective sludge-based adsorbents were developed and the adsorption of VOCs on the sludge-based adsorbents was studied in a fixed bed reactor. The results indicate that the adsorption of VOCs on sludge-based adsorbents is typical physical adsorption, the dynamic adsorption capacity of VOCs on adsorbents sharply increases as the VOCs concentration is increased at first, then increasing gradually, at last retains stable with the change of VOCs concentration. The dynamic adsorption capacity of sludge-based adsorbents for VOCs is O-Xylene > Butylcetate > Toluene > Ethylacetate > Benzene > Propanone > n-Hexane, the maximum dynamic adsorption capacity is 0.247, 0.225, 0.192, 0.186, 0.180, 0.176, 0.133g/g, respectively. Meanwhile the adsorption of VOCs on sludge-based adsorbents corresponds to the Langmuir adsorption isotherm equations. The sludge-based adsorbent is a low-cost alternative to activated carbon for VOCs treatment, and this technology is a promising method for the VOCs removal.

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Rare Cause of Seizures, Renal Failure, and Gangrene in an 83-Year-Old Diabetic Male

Case Reports in Immunology ◽

10.1155/2013/523865 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-5

Author(s):

Stalin Viswanathan ◽

Kandan Balamurugesan

Keyword(s):

Renal Failure ◽

Respiratory Infection ◽

Acute Onset ◽

Ventilator Associated Pneumonia ◽

Pulse Methylprednisolone ◽

E Coli

We report an 83-year-old diabetic male who presented with acute-onset renal failure, seizures, psychosis, pneumonia, and right foot gangrene. Investigations revealed thrombocytopenia, CSF lymphocytosis, ANA and dsDNA positivity, hypocomplementemia, and pneumonitis following which he was treated with pulse methylprednisolone. He was treated forPseudomonas-related ventilator-associated pneumonia, candiduria, andE. coli-related bedsore infection prior to discharge. He was discharged at request and died 17 days later due to a respiratory infection.

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Cyclodextrin modified filter paper for removal of cationic dyes/Cu ions from aqueous solutions

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2019.009 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 78 (12) ◽

pp. 2553-2563 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Yaoyue Li ◽

Yanbo Zhou ◽

Yi Zhou ◽

Juying Lei ◽

Shengyan Pu

Keyword(s):

Aqueous Solutions ◽

Adsorption Capacity ◽

Filter Paper ◽

Textile Industry ◽

High Efficiency ◽

National Standard ◽

Esterification Reaction ◽

Dynamic Adsorption ◽

Pseudo Second Order ◽

Cu Ions

Abstract A filter paper was functionalized with β-cyclodextrin and citric acid via esterification reaction for the removal of dyes and Cu ions from aqueous solutions. The adsorption capacity and removal performance of the modified filter paper (MFP) was investigated using static and dynamic adsorption experiments. The static adsorption data fit well the Langmuir and pseudo-second-order models, and the adsorption capacity of Methylene Blue (MB), Brilliant Green (BG), Rhodamine-B (RB) and Cu(II) over the MFP were 124.6 mg/g, 130.4 mg/g, 99.7 mg/g and 39.1 mg/g, respectively, which are much higher than the unmodified filter paper (below 2 mg/g). Even better, the decolorization performance and Cu(II) removal of MFP are remarkable in dynamic adsorption. The effluent can reach the National Standard for dyeing and finishing of textile industry of China after three cycles in a continuous filtration-adsorption system. This method provides a new pathway to achieve high efficiency removal of dyes and metal ions from wastewater.

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Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura-Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (TTP-HUS) in Adults Following a Prodrome of Bloody Diarrhea.

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v104.11.859.859 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 104 (11) ◽

pp. 859-859

Author(s):

Qurana F. Lewis ◽

Deirdra R. Terrell ◽

Bernhard Lammle ◽

Johanna Kremer-Hovinga ◽

James N. George ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Renal Failure ◽

Acute Renal Failure ◽

Plasma Exchange ◽

Clinical Features ◽

Relative Frequency ◽

Bloody Diarrhea ◽

Adult Patients ◽

E Coli ◽

Enteric Infections ◽

Adamts13 Deficiency

Abstract Diarrhea, often bloody diarrhea caused by infection with E. coli 0157:H7, is the prodrome for typical HUS in children. In adults, HUS has been reported following epidemics of enteric infections, however the frequency and clinical features of sporadic HUS or TTP in adults following a prodrome of bloody diarrhea have not been characterized. In the Oklahoma TTP-HUS Registry, January 1, 1989 to December 31, 2003, 19 (6%) of 301 consecutive patients had a prodrome of bloody diarrhea. The 19 cases were separated by time and location, indicating no common source outbreak. 5/10 patients who were appropriately tested had positive stool cultures for E. coli O157:H7. Although more cases (12/19, 63%) occurred in warm months, April–September, a seasonal difference was not significant (p= 0.25). We compared the clinical features of these 19 patients to the 119 patients who had no apparent etiologies or associated conditions and were therefore defined as idiopathic TTP-HUS. Bloody Diarrhea Idiopathic p-value (n=19) (n=119) Median values are presented for continuous data. Laboratory data: most abnormal value at diagnosis of TTP-HUS ± 7 days Age (years) 59 48 0.109 Race (% Black) 5% 25% 0.073 Gender (% female) 79% 74% 0.781 Obesity (BMI≥30 kg/m2) 21% 40% 0.120 Severe neurologic abnormalities 63% 49% 0.243 Platelet count 26 13 0.010 Hematocrit 22 22 0.931 LDH 1410 1305 0.115 Acute renal failure 68% 29% <0.001 Response to PE 84% 82% 1.000 ADAMTS13 deficiency (<5%) 0% (0/13) 30% (20/67) 0.031 Death 32% 19% 0.233 Relapse in 30 day survivors 0% 20% 0.119 Although women predominated in both groups, 18/19 patients with a prodrome of bloody diarrhea were White, consistent with the predominance of White subjects among children with diarrhea-associated HUS, but distinct from the significantly higher incidence of Blacks among adult patients with idiopathic TTP-HUS (compared to the incidence among other races, p<0.0001). 3 patients with a prodrome of bloody diarrhea never had an abnormal serum creatinine, therefore the term TTP-HUS, rather than HUS, may better describe these patients. The only significant differences in presenting features and outcomes were the severity of thrombocytopenia, the relative frequency of acute renal failure, and the relative frequency of severe ADAMTS13 deficiency (<5% activity). ADAMTS13 activity was measured in 13 of the 19 patients with a prodrome of bloody diarrhea (median 50%, range 5–100%). We conclude that there is a continuous occurrence of TTP-HUS in adults preceded by a prodrome of bloody diarrhea, presumably related to Shiga toxin-producing enteric infections, even in the absence of recognized outbreaks. Plasma exchange is an appropriate treatment for adult patients with a prodrome of bloody diarrhea since they cannot be accurately distinguished from patients with idiopathic TTP, they have a high mortality rate, and they apparently respond to plasma exchange treatment.

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Experimental Study on Dynamic Adsorption of Xenon over Adsorbents

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.739.142 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 739 ◽

pp. 142-147

Author(s):

Guo Li He ◽

Hong Hong Yi ◽

Xiao Long Tang ◽

Fen Rong Li ◽

Yun Dong Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Adsorption Capacity ◽

Activated Carbons ◽

Coconut Shell ◽

Dynamic Adsorption ◽

13X Zeolite ◽

Zeolite 13X ◽

Xenon Adsorption ◽

Zeolite 5A ◽

5A Zeolite ◽

Coconut Shell Activated Carbon

Selecting effective xenon adsorbents is important for preventing significant global nuclear proliferation. The adsorption capacity of coconut shell activated carbons (SAC),zeolite 10X,zeolite 5A, zeolite 13X were researched and the Xenon adsorption of the coconut shell activated carbon modified by KOH(SAC/KOH-1 and SAC/KOH-2) were compared in this paper. The factors of temperature and flow rate that influenced the dynamic adsorption of xenon by 10X were discussed. The order of the Xenon adsorption capacity is as follows: zeolite 10X, SAC/KOH-2, SAC/KOH-1, SAC, zeolite 13X, zeolite 5A.

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