Removal of VOCs Using Sludge-Based Adsorbents

2012 ◽  
Vol 599 ◽  
pp. 305-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Fang ◽  
Chao Ping Cen ◽  
Hong Tao Zhang ◽  
Zi Jun Tang ◽  
Ding Sheng Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Physical Adsorption ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Langmuir Adsorption Isotherm ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Dynamic Adsorption ◽  
Langmuir Adsorption ◽  
Isotherm Equations

Efficient and cost-effective sludge-based adsorbents were developed and the adsorption of VOCs on the sludge-based adsorbents was studied in a fixed bed reactor. The results indicate that the adsorption of VOCs on sludge-based adsorbents is typical physical adsorption, the dynamic adsorption capacity of VOCs on adsorbents sharply increases as the VOCs concentration is increased at first, then increasing gradually, at last retains stable with the change of VOCs concentration. The dynamic adsorption capacity of sludge-based adsorbents for VOCs is O-Xylene > Butylcetate > Toluene > Ethylacetate > Benzene > Propanone > n-Hexane, the maximum dynamic adsorption capacity is 0.247, 0.225, 0.192, 0.186, 0.180, 0.176, 0.133g/g, respectively. Meanwhile the adsorption of VOCs on sludge-based adsorbents corresponds to the Langmuir adsorption isotherm equations. The sludge-based adsorbent is a low-cost alternative to activated carbon for VOCs treatment, and this technology is a promising method for the VOCs removal.

scholarly journals Removal of Aquatic Cadmium Ions Using Thiourea Modified Poplar Biochar

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanfeng Zhu ◽  
Huageng Liang ◽  
Ruilian Yu ◽  
Gongren Hu ◽  
Fu Chen
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Isotherm ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Langmuir Adsorption Isotherm ◽  
Isotherm Model ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Cadmium Ions ◽  
Langmuir Adsorption ◽  
Modified Biochar

Removal of aquatic cadmium ions using biochar is a low-cost method, but the results are usually not satisfactory. Modified biochar, which can be a low-cost and efficient material, is urgently required for Cd-polluted water and soil remediation. Herein, poplar bark (SB) and poplar sawdust (MB) were used as raw materials to prepare modified biochar, which is rich in N- and S- containing groups, i.e., TSBC-600 and TMBC-600, using a co-pyrolysis method with thiourea. The adsorption characteristics of Cd2+ in simulated wastewater were explored. The results indicated that the modification optimized the surface structure of biochar, Cd2+ adsorption process by both TSBC-600 and TMBC-600 was mainly influenced by the initial pH, biochar dosage, and contact time, sthe TSBC-600 showed a higher adsorption capacity compared to TMBC-600 under different conditions. The Langmuir adsorption isotherm model and pseudo-second-order kinetic model were more consistent with the adsorption behavior of TSBC-600 and TMBC-600 to Cd2+, the maximum adsorption capacity of TSBC-600 and TMBC-600 calculated by the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model was 19.998 mg/g and 9.631 mg/g, respectively. The modification method for introducing N and S into biochar by the co-pyrolysis of biomass and thiourea enhanced the removal rate of aquatic cadmium ions by biochar.

scholarly journals Hierarchical H-ZSM5 zeolites based on natural kaolinite as a high-performance catalyst for methanol to aromatic hydrocarbons conversion

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Asghari ◽  
Mohammadreza Khanmohammadi Khorrami ◽  
Sayed Habib Kazemi
Keyword(s):  
Pore Size ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Direct Synthesis ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Methanol Conversion ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Good Prospect

AbstractThe present work introduces a good prospect for the development of hierarchical catalysts with excellent catalytic performance in the methanol to aromatic hydrocarbons conversion (MTA) process. Hierarchical H-ZSM5 zeolites, with a tailored pore size and different Si/Al ratios, were synthesized directly using natural kaolin clay as a low-cost silica and aluminium resource. Further explored for the direct synthesis of hierarchical HZSM-5 structures was the steam assisted conversion (SAC) with a cost-effective and green affordable saccharide source of high fructose corn syrup (HFCS), as a secondary mesopore agent. The fabricated zeolites exhibiting good crystallinity, 2D and 3D nanostructures, high specific surface area, tailored pore size, and tunable acidity. Finally, the catalyst performance in the conversion of methanol to aromatic hydrocarbons was tested in a fixed bed reactor. The synthesized H-ZSM5 catalysts exhibited superior methanol conversion (over 100 h up to 90%) and selectivity (over 85%) in the methanol conversion to aromatic hydrocarbon products.

Innovative low cost procedure for nutrient removal as an integrated element of a decentralised water management concept for rural areas

2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Burde ◽  
F. Rolf ◽  
F. Grabowski
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Nutrient Removal ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Extreme Rainfall ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Soil Zone

The absence of large rivers with rather high niveau of self purifying effect in parts of east Germany leads to a discharging of the effluent of wastewater treatment plants into the groundwater in many cases. One useful consequence is the idea of realisation of decentralised measures and concepts in urban water resources management concerning municipal wastewater as well as rainfall, precipitation. At the same time, only the upper soil zone - a few decimetres - is water - saturated and thus discharge effective, even when extreme rainfall takes place. Underneath, however, there generally exists an unsaturated soil zone, which is up to now a rather unexplored retardation element of the hydrologic- and substrate-cycle. Nutrient removal in small wastewater treatment plants that are emptying into ground waters is often beneficial. The presented studies optimised an inexpensive method of subsequent enhanced wastewater treatment. The developed reactor is similar to a concentrated subsoil passage. The fixed bed reactor is divided in two sections to achieve aerobic and anoxic conditions for nitrification/denitrification processes. To enhance phosphorus removal, ferrous particles are put into the aerobic zone. Two series of column tests were carried out and a technical pilot plant was built to verify the efficiency of the process. The results show that this method can be implemented successfully.

Effect of Fractal Dimension of Powder Activated Carbon on SO2 Adsorption

2014 ◽  
Vol 955-959 ◽  
pp. 2169-2172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bing Li ◽  
Jian Ming Xue ◽  
Yue Yang Xu ◽  
Hong Liang Wang ◽  
Chun Yuan Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fractal Dimension ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Removal Capacity ◽  
Powder Activated Carbon

Five kinds of powder activatedcarbons were studied to investigate the removal of SO2 from flue gasin a fixed bed reactor. The fractal dimension of activated carbon was determined by N2 adsorption isothermat 77Kand SO2 adsorptioncapacity was correlated with thefractal dimension. The results show thatthe activated carbons prepared from different precursors by differentactivation methods have different fractal dimension. Big differences in SO2 adsorption capacity are found between fivekinds of activated carbons. SO2 adsorption capacity increases with the fractaldimension increasing. The results indicate that the fractal dimension could be used as a indicator of SO2removal capacity on powder activated carbon.

scholarly journals Surface Protection of Steel by Adsorption of Milletia Pinnata Extract

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-105
Author(s):  
Monikandon Sukumaran ◽  
Kesavan Devarayan
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Steel Surface ◽  
Inhibition Efficiency ◽  
Physical Adsorption ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Steel Corrosion ◽  
Langmuir Adsorption Isotherm ◽  
Surface Protection ◽  
Langmuir Adsorption ◽  
Thermochemical Parameters

Steel corrosion inhibition in acidic and alkaline medium by ethanolic extract of Milletia pinnata is described in this study. The inhibitive behavior of the inhibitor is evaluated by weight loss measurements, adsorption isotherms, and thermochemical parameters. The inhibitor exhibited a maximum of 87% and 90.5% inhibition efficiency against steel corrosion in 0.5 M NaOH and 1.0 M H2SO4, respectively. The weight loss linearly fit to Langmuir adsorption isotherm with correlation coefficient value close to unity. The thermochemical parameters indicated for predominant physical adsorption of the inhibitor molecules on the steel surface.

scholarly journals Removal of inorganic arsenic from aqueous solution by Fe-modified ceramsite: batch studies and remediation trials

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Yin ◽  
Gaoyang Xu ◽  
Linlin Li ◽  
Chunlei Qiao ◽  
Yihua Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Stable State ◽  
Inorganic Arsenic ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Aqueous System ◽  
Sediment Surface ◽  
Batch Studies

Abstract During sediment remediation, adsorbents addition is an effective technology for the removal of contaminants but the cost is often high. In this study, a low-cost adsorbent, ceramsite that made from contaminated riverbed sediment was synthesized. The Fe-modified ceramsite (FMC) was used as adsorbents to remove arsenate from aqueous solutions and reduce the inorganic arsenic release from contaminated sediments. Kinetic studies showed that chemisorption mainly governed the adsorption process while batch studies yielded theoretical adsorption capacity for arsenate of 10.63 mg/g at pH = 7 condition. Co-existing anions and pH have no significant impact on the adsorption process. In the regeneration studies, 91, 86, and 80% of the adsorption capacity were recovered in 3 cycles. In-situ remediation trials revealed that the addition of the adsorbent to sediment surface significantly reduced the release of inorganic arsenic into aqueous system, with a reduction efficiency of 86%. Furthermore, the species of the arsenic in the surface layer was significantly inactivated from an active state to a stable state. These findings highlight the application of the FMC as a facile and cost-effective adsorbent for containment of arsenic in solutions and sediments, demonstrating that they are highly applicable for practical cases.

scholarly journals Studies on the CO2 Capture by Coal Fly Ash Zeolites: Process Design and Simulation

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (24) ◽  
pp. 8279
Author(s):  
Silviya Boycheva ◽  
Ivan Marinov ◽  
Denitza Zgureva-Filipova
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Co2 Capture ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Coal Fly Ash ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Thermal Recovery ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Dynamic Adsorption ◽  
Co2 Capture Capacity

At present, mitigating carbon emissions from energy production and industrial processes is more relevant than ever to limit climate change. The widespread implementation of carbon capture technologies requires the development of cost-effective and selective adsorbents with high CO2 capture capacity and low thermal recovery. Coal fly ash has been extensively studied as a raw material for the synthesis of low-cost zeolite-like adsorbents for CO2 capture. Laboratory tests for CO2 adsorption onto coal fly ash zeolites (CFAZ) reveal promising results, but detailed computational studies are required to clarify the applicability of these materials as CO2 adsorbents on a pilot and industrial scale. The present study provides results for the validation of a simulation model for the design of adsorption columns for CO2 capture on CFAZ based on the experimental equilibrium and dynamic adsorption on a laboratory scale. The simulations were performed using ProSim DAC dynamic adsorption software to study mass transfer and energy balance in the thermal swing adsorption mode and in the most widely operated adsorption unit configuration.

scholarly journals ISOTERM ADSORPSI FENOL OLEH LEMPUNG ALAM

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 029
Author(s):  
Nelly Wahyuni ◽  
Imelda H. Silalahi ◽  
Dina Angelina
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Isotherm ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Langmuir Adsorption Isotherm ◽  
Batch Experiments ◽  
Natural Clay ◽  
Langmuir Adsorption ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
Initial Phenol Concentration

Abstrak Fenol merupakan polutan yang sangat berbahaya di lingkungan karena bersifat racun dan sulit terdegradasi oleh organisme pengurai. Lempung alam yang berasal dari Kecamatan Capkala, Kabupaten Bengkayang  akan dikaji penggunaannya sebagai adsorben fenol. Adsorpsi dilakukan dengan metoda batch pada variasi waktu kontal dan konsentrasi awal fenol. Data kesetimbangan adsorpsi diuji dengan isoterm Langmuir dan Freundlich. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan waktu kontak optimum adsorpsi adalah 4 jam. Proses adsorpsi fenol  oleh lempung alam  mengikuti model isoterm adsorpsi Langmuir dengan kapasitas adsorpsi sebesar 0,65mg/g. Kata Kunci: fenol, Freundlich, isoterm adsorpsi, Langmuir, lempung alamAbstract Phenol is a pollutant that is very dangerous in the environment because it is toxic and difficult to degrade by decomposing organisms. Natural clay from Capkala District, Bengkayang Regency will be studied as phenol adsorbent. Batch experiments were carried out by varying the parameters like contact time of adsorption and initial phenol concentration. The equilibrium data were tested with Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm. The results showed that the optimum contact time for adsorption was 4 hours. The process of adsorption of phenol by natural clay follows the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model with an adsorption capacity of 0.65mg/g.  Keywords: adsorption isotherm, Freundlich, natural clay, phenol, Langmuir.

scholarly journals H-Clinoptilolite as an Efficient and Low-Cost Adsorbent for Batch and Continuous Gallium Removal from Aqueous Solutions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Sáez ◽  
A. Rodríguez ◽  
J. M. Gómez ◽  
C. Paramio ◽  
C. Fraile ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Particle Size Effect ◽  
Breakthrough Curves ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Fixed Bed Column ◽  
Gallium Concentration ◽  
Best Fit

AbstractIn this paper, the gallium (III) ions’ adsorption onto protonated clinoptilolite (H-CLP) was investigated both in batch and fixed-bed column experiments. Regarding batch experiments, the influence of some parameters such as adsorbent dosage, size particle, and temperature was studied, determining that a dosage of 10 g/L for an initial pollutant concentration of 40 mg/L leads to a removal percentage over 85% regardless of particle size and temperature. On the other hand, adsorption of gallium onto H-CPL is an endothermic and spontaneous process in the studied temperature range, concluding that the maximum adsorption capacity was 16 mg/g for 60 °C. Concerning to the effect of the presence of other cations in solution, such as Na+, K+, or Ca2+, gallium adsorption capacity only drops by 20%, although the initial concentration of other cations in the solution is 50 times higher than gallium concentration. This means that clinoptilolite has a high affinity for gallium which can be very favorable for further selectivity tests. A crucial factor for this high selectivity could be the protonation of clinoptilolite which allows working without modifying the pH of the aqueous solution with acid. In the fixed-bed experiments, breakthrough curves were obtained, and the effect of operation variables was determined. A breakpoint value of 254 min for 64 g of adsorbent and flow rate of 9.0 mL/min (7.0 BV/h) were obtained, when treating a pollutant volume of 33 BV. Additionally, the breakthrough curves were fitted to different models to study the particle size effect, being the best fit corresponding to the Adams–Bohart model. This fact confirmed the influence of particle size on adsorption kinetics. Graphical Abstract

Rational design of pore structure for carbon aerogels to significantly increase adsorption of tetracycline from water using batch and fixed-bed operation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen-Cui Xu ◽  
Lu-Bin Zhong ◽  
Zai-Dong Shao ◽  
Shuai Dou ◽  
Liang Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pore Structure ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Rational Design ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Carbon Aerogels ◽  
Cost Effective Method

Three-dimensional (3D) adsorption materials have attracted ever-increasing interest as a cost-effective method to remove antibiotics from water. However, how to effectively enhance the adsorption capacity of the adsorbents is still...

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