scholarly journals Atmospheric Effects of the Kuroshio Large Meander during 2004–05*

2010 ◽  
Vol 23 (17) ◽  
pp. 4704-4715 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haiming Xu ◽  
Hiroki Tokinaga ◽  
Shang-Ping Xie
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Surface Wind ◽  
Surface Wind Speed ◽  
Atmospheric Effects ◽  
Water Pool ◽  
Large Meander ◽  
Cool Water ◽  
Japanese Coast ◽  
Kuroshio Large Meander ◽  
The Kuroshio

Abstract In the summer of 2004, the Kuroshio took a large meander path south of Japan for the first time since 1991, and this large meander event persisted until the next summer. Satellite observations and numerical model simulations are used to study the effect of this large meander event on the atmosphere. The large meander leaves a cool water pool between the Kuroshio and Japanese coast. Sea surface temperature (SST) in the cool water pool is about 2°–3°C colder than the surroundings during winter and spring, whereas the SST signature substantially weakens in summer. A local reduction of wind speed is found over the cool water pool, and the positive SST–wind speed correlation is indicative of ocean forcing of the atmosphere. Cloud liquid water (CLW) content and precipitation also decrease over the cool SST pool. A regional atmospheric model successfully simulates atmospheric response to the Kuroshio large meander. The model experiments suggest that the reduced surface wind speed and precipitation are due to the large meander-induced SST cooling. Analysis of the surface perturbation momentum budgets shows the importance of the pressure adjustment mechanism in surface wind response to the cold SST anomalies.

On the Reset of the Wind-Forced Decadal Kuroshio Extension Variability in Late 2017

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (24) ◽  
pp. 10813-10828
Author(s):  
Bo Qiu ◽  
Shuiming Chen ◽  
Niklas Schneider ◽  
Eitarou Oka ◽  
Shusaku Sugimoto
Keyword(s):  
Wind Field ◽  
Kuroshio Extension ◽  
Surface Wind ◽  
Stable State ◽  
Storm Tracks ◽  
Dynamic State ◽  
Large Meander ◽  
Basin Scale ◽  
Kuroshio Large Meander ◽  
The Kuroshio

AbstractDecadal modulations of the Kuroshio Extension (KE) system between a stable and an unstable dynamic state in the western North Pacific have prevailed in the past three decades. This dominance of decadal variations is controlled by the negative feedback loop involving the wind-forced KE variability and its feedback onto the overlying extratropical storm tracks and the basin-scale surface wind field. The wind-forced decadal KE modulations were disrupted in August 2017 due to the development of the Kuroshio large meander south of Japan. By forcing the inflow KE paths northward and by avoiding overriding the shallow Izu Ridge, the Kuroshio large meander was able to compel the KE to change rapidly from the wind-forced, pre-existing, unstable state to a stable state. Following the large meander occurrence in late 2017, the stabilized KE change is found to affect the overlying storm tracks and the basin-scale wind field the same way as those generated by the wind-forced KE change prior to 2017. Given the consistent atmospheric response to both the large-meander-induced and wind-forced KE variability, we expect that the KE dynamic state will resume its decadal modulation after the phase reset relating to the 2017 large meander event.

scholarly journals Water Column Profiles of Dissolved Inorganic Radiocarbon for the Kuroshio Region, Offshore of the Southern Japanese Coast

Radiocarbon ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 679-690 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatsuya Tsuboi ◽  
Hiroshi Iwata ◽  
Hideki Wada ◽  
Hiroyuki Matsuzaki ◽  
Rumi Sohrin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Column ◽  
Intermediate Layer ◽  
Large Meander ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Japanese Coast ◽  
Kuroshio Large Meander ◽  
The Kuroshio ◽  
Kuroshio Region

We present the water column profiles (surface to 2000 m depth) for dissolved inorganic radiocarbon (14CDIC) from 2 stations in the Kuroshio region including the Kuroshio large meander (LM) of 2004–2005. Surprisingly, the Δ14CDIC value varied up to 125‰ in the intermediate layer, especially near 600 m depth. In addition, the Δ14CDIC value was approximately − 150‰ at 200 m depth at the northern station of Kuroshio in August 2005. This value is ∼100‰ less than other Δ14CDIC values for the same depth. In comparison, the Δ14CDIC water column profiles for the southern station of Kuroshio and GEOSECS station 224 decrease down to 600 m depth and were similar below 600 m depth. Our results suggest that strong upwelling associated with the Kuroshio LM has a powerful influence on the Δ14CDIC water column profiles in the study region.

Recurrence Characteristics Analysis of Near-Surface Wind Speed Signal with Different Sampling Frequencies

2014 ◽  
Vol 599-601 ◽  
pp. 1605-1609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Zeng ◽  
Zhan Xie Wu ◽  
Qing Hao Meng ◽  
Jing Hai Li ◽  
Shu Gen Ma
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Surface Wind ◽  
Surface Wind Speed ◽  
Recurrence Plot ◽  
Sampling Frequency ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Gas Leakage ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Characteristics Analysis ◽  
Quantification Analysis

The wind is the main factor to influence the propagation of gas in the atmosphere. Therefore, the wind signal obtained by anemometer will provide us valuable clues for searching gas leakage sources. In this paper, the Recurrence Plot (RP) and Recurrence Quantification Analysis (RQA) are applied to analyze the influence of recurrence characteristics of the wind speed time series under the condition of the same place, the same time period and with the sampling frequency of 1hz, 2hz, 4.2hz, 5hz, 8.3hz, 12.5hz and 16.7hz respectively. Research results show that when the sampling frequency is higher than 5hz, the trends of recurrence nature of different groups are basically unchanged. However, when the sampling frequency is set below 5hz, the original trend of recurrence nature is destroyed, because the recurrence characteristic curves obtained using different sampling frequencies appear cross or overlapping phenomena. The above results indicate that the anemometer will not be able to fully capture the detailed information in wind field when its sampling frequency is lower than 5hz. The recurrence characteristics analysis of the wind speed signals provides an important basis for the optimal selection of anemometer.

Ocean surface wind speed retrieval from C-band quad-polarized SAR measurements at optimal spatial resolution

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-164
Author(s):  
He Fang ◽  
William Perrie ◽  
Gaofeng Fan ◽  
Tao Xie ◽  
Jingsong Yang
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Surface Wind ◽  
Ocean Surface ◽  
Surface Wind Speed ◽  
Ocean Surface Wind

scholarly journals A Composite View of Surface Signatures and Interior Properties of Nonlinear Internal Waves: Observations and Applications

2008 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 1218-1227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming-Huei Chang ◽  
Ren-Chieh Lien ◽  
Yiing Jang Yang ◽  
Tswen Yung Tang ◽  
Joe Wang
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Surface Waves ◽  
Surface Wind ◽  
Surface Wind Speed ◽  
Horizontal Velocity ◽  
Surface Scattering ◽  
Full Width ◽  
Empirical Formulas ◽  
Marine Radar ◽  
Scattering Strength

Abstract Surface signatures and interior properties of large-amplitude nonlinear internal waves (NLIWs) in the South China Sea (SCS) were measured during a period of weak northeast wind (∼2 m s−1) using shipboard marine radar, an acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP), a conductivity–temperature–depth (CTD) profiler, and an echo sounder. In the northern SCS, large-amplitude NLIWs propagating principally westward appear at the tidal periodicity, and their magnitudes are modulated at the spring–neap tidal cycle. The surface scattering strength measured by the marine radar is positively correlated with the local wind speed when NLIWs are absent. When NLIWs approach, the surface scattering strength within the convergence zone is enhanced. The sea surface scattering induced by NLIWs is equivalent to that of a ∼6 m s−1 surface wind speed (i.e., 3 times greater than the actual surface wind speed). The horizontal spatial structure of the enhanced sea surface scattering strength predicts the horizontal spatial structure of the NLIW. The observed average half-amplitude full width of NLIWs λη/2 is 1.09 ± 0.2 km; the average half-amplitude full width of the enhanced scattering strength λI/2 is ∼0.57 λη/2. The average half-amplitude full width of the enhanced horizontal velocity convergence of NLIWs λ∂xu/2 is approximately equal to λI/2. The peak of the enhanced surface scattering leads the center of NLIWs by ∼0.46 λη/2. NLIW horizontal velocity convergence is positively correlated with the enhancement of the surface scattering strength. NLIW amplitude is positively correlated with the spatial integration of the enhancement of the surface scattering strength within the convergence zone of NLIWs. Empirical formulas are obtained for estimating the horizontal velocity convergence and the amplitude of NLIWs using radar measurements of surface scattering strength. The enhancement of the scattering strength exhibits strong asymmetry; the scattering strength observed from behind the propagating NLIW is 24% less than that observed ahead, presumably caused by the skewness and the breaking of surface waves induced by NLIWs. Above the center of NLIWs, the surface scattering strength is enhanced slightly, associated with isotropic surface waves presumably induced or modified by NLIWs. This analysis concludes that in low-wind conditions remote sensing measurements may provide useful predictions of horizontal velocity convergences, amplitudes, and spatial structures of NLIWs. Further applications and modification of the presented empirical formulas in different conditions of wind speed, surface waves, and NLIWs or with other remote sensing methods are encouraged.

GPS Reflections for Sea Surface Wind Speed Measurement

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 569-572 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. K. Yang ◽  
Y. Q. Zhang ◽  
Y. Lu ◽  
Q. S. Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Surface Wind ◽  
Surface Wind Speed ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Sea Surface Wind Speed ◽  
Sea Surface Wind ◽  
Speed Measurement ◽  
Wind Speed Measurement

scholarly journals Deuterium excess in marine water vapor: Dependency on relative humidity and surface wind speed during evaporation

2014 ◽  
Vol 119 (2) ◽  
pp. 584-593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marion Benetti ◽  
Gilles Reverdin ◽  
Catherine Pierre ◽  
Liliane Merlivat ◽  
Camille Risi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapor ◽  
Wind Speed ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Surface Wind ◽  
Surface Wind Speed ◽  
Marine Water ◽  
Deuterium Excess
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