scholarly journals Is Computational Oceanography Coming of Age?

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-33
Author(s):  
Thomas W. N. Haine ◽  
Renske Gelderloos ◽  
Miguel A. Jimenez-Urias ◽  
Ali H. Siddiqui ◽  
Gerard Lemson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Information Technology ◽  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Coming Of Age ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Global Ocean ◽  
The Past ◽  
Oceanographic Research ◽  
Physical Phenomena ◽  
Ocean Observations

AbstractComputational Oceanography is the study of ocean phenomena by numerical simulation, especially dynamical and physical phenomena. Progress in information technology has driven exponential growth in the number of global ocean observations and the fidelity of numerical simulations of the ocean in the past few decades. The growth has been exponentially faster for ocean simulations, however. We argue that this faster growth is shifting the importance of field measurements and numerical simulations for oceanographic research. It is leading to the maturation of Computational Oceanography as a branch of marine science on par with observational oceanography. One implication is that ultra-resolved ocean simulations are only loosely constrained by observations. Another implication is that barriers to analyzing the output of such simulations should be removed. Although some specific limits and challenges exist, many opportunities are identified for the future of Computational Oceanography. Most important is the prospect of hybrid computational and observational approaches to advance understanding of the ocean.

Planning the Infrastructure for US Academic Ocean Observation and Exploration over the Next Two Decades—An NSF Perspective

2001 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 4-7
Author(s):  
Michael Reeve ◽  
E.R. Dolly Dieter ◽  
Alexander Shor ◽  
Holly Smith
Keyword(s):  
Long Range ◽  
Global Ocean ◽  
Rapid Changes ◽  
Future Science ◽  
Oceanographic Research ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Sixties ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
The Government ◽  
Ocean Observations

NSF has been involved in the design and construction of vessels that support academic oceanographic research as well as in their maintenance and operation since the sixties. As we look to the future, the academic fleet will face new challenges set by the evolving research agendas of that community. Rapid changes in technology and the drive to make continuous global ocean observations will have a significant impact on the fleet. Developing a long-range fleet plan, taking into account future science and federal budgetary trends, can help keep the community, the government and the fleet on course for the future.

scholarly journals Effect of Explosive Reactive Armour Cover Plate on Interaction of ERA and Explosively Formed Projectile

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Muhammad F. Rasheed ◽  
Cheng Wu ◽  
Ali Raza
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Close Agreement ◽  
Chemical Energy ◽  
Cover Plate ◽  
The Past ◽  
Sufficient Energy ◽  
Long Rod

Explosive reactive armour (ERA) is used to protect the armoured vehicles against chemical energy warheads and long-rod penetrators. ERA generally consists of an ERA sandwich and an outer steel cover to protect it from unintended initiation. Explosively formed projectiles (EFPs) are used as antiarmour warheads, and their use in top attack antiarmour weapons is increasing. Interaction of EFP with the ERA sandwich alone has been studied in the past. This paper studies the effect of the cover plate and its thickness on the interaction of the EFP and the ERA sandwich. Numerical simulations and experiments have been used to study the interaction. It has been found that the penetration in the target is reduced as the thickness of the cover plate increases. Moreover, the decrease in penetration is directly proportional to the thickness of the cover plate. Also it has been found that the residual EFP after penetrating the cover plate has sufficient energy to initiate the ERA sandwich. The results of the numerical simulation and the experiments are in close agreement.

The Argo Project: Global Ocean Observations for Understanding and Prediction of Climate Variability

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dean H. Roemmich ◽  
Russ E. Davis ◽  
Stephen C. Riser ◽  
W. B. Owens ◽  
Robert L. Molinari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Variability ◽  
Global Ocean ◽  
Ocean Observations ◽  
Argo Project

scholarly journals Blowing and drifting snow in Alpine terrain: numerical simulation and related field measurements

1998 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 174-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Gauer
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Numerical Model ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Blowing Snow ◽  
Related Field ◽  
Drifting Snow ◽  
Physically Based ◽  
Snow Transport

A physically based numerical model of drifting and blowing snow in three-dimensional terrain is developed. The model includes snow transport by saltation and suspension. As an example, a numerical simulation for an Alpine ridge is presented and compared with field measurements.

Evaluation methods of the daylight performance and potential energy saving of tubular daylight guide systems: A review

2021 ◽  
pp. 1420326X2199241
Author(s):  
Hanlin Li ◽  
Dan Wu ◽  
Yanping Yuan ◽  
Lijun Zuo
Keyword(s):  
Potential Energy ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Estimation Methods ◽  
The Past ◽  
Potential Energy Saving ◽  
Daylight Performance

In the past 30 years, tubular daylight guide systems (TDGSs) have become one of the most popular ways to transport outdoor natural light into the inner space in building design. However, tubular daylight guide systems are not widely used because of the lack of methods to evaluate methods on the suitability of the TDGSs. This study therefore summarizes the daylight performance metrics of TDGSs and presents the estimation methods in terms of field measurements, simulation and empirical formulae. This study focuses on the daylight performance and potential energy savings of TDGSs. Moreover, this study will be helpful for building designers to build healthy, comfortable and energy-saving indoor environment.

scholarly journals 20th century cooling of the deep ocean contributed to delayed acceleration of Earth’s energy imbalance

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Bagnell ◽  
T. DeVries
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Heat Content ◽  
Deep Ocean ◽  
Ocean Warming ◽  
Ocean Heat Content ◽  
Global Ocean ◽  
Energy Imbalance ◽  
Delayed Onset ◽  
The Past ◽  
Historical Reconstructions

AbstractThe historical evolution of Earth’s energy imbalance can be quantified by changes in the global ocean heat content. However, historical reconstructions of ocean heat content often neglect a large volume of the deep ocean, due to sparse observations of ocean temperatures below 2000 m. Here, we provide a global reconstruction of historical changes in full-depth ocean heat content based on interpolated subsurface temperature data using an autoregressive artificial neural network, providing estimates of total ocean warming for the period 1946-2019. We find that cooling of the deep ocean and a small heat gain in the upper ocean led to no robust trend in global ocean heat content from 1960-1990, implying a roughly balanced Earth energy budget within −0.16 to 0.06 W m−2 over most of the latter half of the 20th century. However, the past three decades have seen a rapid acceleration in ocean warming, with the entire ocean warming from top to bottom at a rate of 0.63 ± 0.13 W m−2. These results suggest a delayed onset of a positive Earth energy imbalance relative to previous estimates, although large uncertainties remain.

scholarly journals Wind shear over the Nice Côte d'Azur airport: case studies

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 2223-2238 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Boilley ◽  
J.-F. Mahfouf
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Numerical Model ◽  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Wind Shear ◽  
Horizontal Wind ◽  
Wind Profiler ◽  
Measurement Campaign ◽  
Wind Lidar ◽  
Real Time Applications ◽  
Wind Shears

Abstract. The Nice Côte d'Azur international airport is subject to horizontal low-level wind shears. Detecting and predicting these hazards is a major concern for aircraft security. A measurement campaign took place over the Nice airport in 2009 including 4 anemometers, 1 wind lidar and 1 wind profiler. Two wind shear events were observed during this measurement campaign. Numerical simulations were carried out with Meso-NH in a configuration compatible with near-real time applications to determine the ability of the numerical model to predict these events and to study the meteorological situations generating an horizontal wind shear. A comparison between numerical simulation and the observation dataset is conducted in this paper.

Stefan Number-Insensitive Numerical Simulation of the Enthalpy Method for Stefan Problems Using the Space-Time Conservation Element and Solution Element Method

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anahita Ayasoufi ◽  
Theo G. Keith ◽  
Ramin K. Rahmani
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Phase Change ◽  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Latent Heat ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Enthalpy Method ◽  
Stefan Problems ◽  
Stefan Number ◽  
Original Scheme ◽  
Solution Element

An improvement is introduced to the conservation element and solution element (CE/SE) phase change scheme presented previously. The improvement addresses a well known weakness in numerical simulations of the enthalpy method when the Stefan number, (the ratio of sensible to latent heat) is small (less than 0.1). Behavior of the improved scheme, at the limit of small Stefan numbers, is studied and compared with that of the original scheme. It is shown that high dissipative errors, associated with small Stefan numbers, do not occur using the new scheme.

Pneumatic pulsator design as an example of numerical simulations in engineering applications

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Wołosz ◽  
Jacek Wernik
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Cast Iron ◽  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Stress Analysis ◽  
Aluminium Alloy ◽  
Loose Material ◽  
Engineering Applications ◽  
Pressure Losses ◽  
Pneumatic Impact

AbstractThe paper presents the part of the investigation that has been carried out in order to develop the pneumatic pulsator which is to be employed as an unblocking device at lose material silo outlets. The part of numerical simulation is reported. The fluid dynamics issues have been outlined which are present during supersonic airflow thought the head of the pulsator. These issues describe the pneumatic impact phenomenon onto the loose material bed present in the silo to which walls the pulsator is assembled. The investigation presented in the paper are industrial applicable and the result is the working prototype of the industrial pneumatic pulsator. The numerical simulation has led to change the piston shape which is moving inside the head of the pulsator, and therefore, to reduce the pressure losses during the airflow. A stress analysis of the pulsator controller body has been carried out while the numerical simulation investigation part of the whole project. The analysis has made possible the change of the controller body material from cast iron to aluminium alloy.

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