scholarly journals Use of Observational Weather Data and Forecasts in Emergency Management: An Application of the Theory of Planned Behavior

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-290
Author(s):  
Frauke Hoss ◽  
Paul Fischbeck
Keyword(s):  
Theory Of Planned Behavior ◽  
Planned Behavior ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Weather Forecasts ◽  
Weather Information ◽  
Emergency Managers ◽  
Emergency Manager ◽  
Do So

Abstract Many factors affect the extent to which forecasts inform emergency responses. In a survey based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), 207 U.S. emergency managers (EMs) were asked about 1) their past and intended future use of short-term weather forecasts and recorded weather data, 2) the perceived limitations and 3a) their attitude toward the usefulness of such weather information, 3b) their attitude toward their job and toward uncertainty, 4) perceived social norms, and 5) self-assessed numeracy. Work experience was found to be the best predictor of whether an emergency manager relied on recorded weather data and short-term weather forecasts in the past or intends to do so in the future. Among TPB variables, mainly social expectations and data attitude drive the reliance on recorded weather data and short-term forecasts. The EMs’ perception of the weather information’s limitations is related to their perceptions of what their social surroundings think. In sum, this article sheds light on when and why EMs use weather data and forecasts and how training can be improved.

scholarly journals How to effectively promote interprofessional collaboration? – a qualitative study on physicians’ and pharmacists’ perspectives driven by the theory of planned behavior

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Łucja Zielińska-Tomczak ◽  
Magdalena Cerbin-Koczorowska ◽  
Piotr Przymuszała ◽  
Ryszard Marciniak
Keyword(s):  
Theory Of Planned Behavior ◽  
Planned Behavior ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Interprofessional Collaboration ◽  
Behavioral Control ◽  
Subjective Norms ◽  
Perceived Behavioral Control ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
Positive Attitudes

Abstract Background Ajzen’s theory of planned behavior (TPB) postulates that individuals’ behavioral intention is influenced by their attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control. Therefore, it can be used to broaden the understanding of particular behaviors, including healthcare workers’ professional activities. Methods In this study, we used TPB as a theoretical framework to evaluate semi-structured interviews with pharmacists and physicians to build an understanding of the interprofessional collaboration between them. Sixteen semi-structured interviews were conducted with pharmacists and eleven with physicians. The sample of participants comprised a diverse group with varying work experience and workplaces. Data were analyzed independently by two researchers following the thematic analysis method using ATLAS.ti software. Data saturation was set in the absence of new issues arising during the interviews. Results The content analysis allowed for the determination of six main themes: the relationship between previous experiences and attitudes towards collaboration, pharmacist’s role in collaboration, mutual reluctance toward collaboration, the role of decision- and policy-makers, knowledge and qualifications gaps regarding collaboration, and lack of organizational paths. Conclusions Despite both physicians and pharmacists displaying positive attitudes towards collaboration may foster their intention to establish a professional partnership, subjective norms (e.g., the lack of appropriate legal regulations) and perceived behavioral control (physicians’ lack of awareness about pharmacists’ qualifications and the low level of interpersonal skills) might impede the process.

scholarly journals The Impact of Retirement Resources on U.S. Older Female Workers’ Retirement Timing: Theory of Planned Behavior Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 1057-1057
Author(s):  
Hansol Kim ◽  
David Ekerdt ◽  
Tamara Baker ◽  
Amber Watts ◽  
Tracey LaPierre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Theory Of Planned Behavior ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Older Women ◽  
Planned Behavior ◽  
Older Workers ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Perceived Behavioral Control ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Retirement Timing ◽  
The Impact

Abstract For older workers, having a retirement plan is important for a successful transition. Social awareness of the problems encountered by older women during retirement remains low. Women have limited retirement resources due to their unequal work experience, and older women with access to fewer retirement resources often postpone their retirement. This research examined how the timing of older women’s retirement was influenced by their retirement resources as well as their marital status. The study used 2014 HRS and RAND data, and collected sample of women aged 50-62 years old who worked either full or part time (n=3,593). Respondents were female (56%), white (63%), married (70%), and working full time (82%). Guided by the theory of planned behavior (TPB), multiple regression analysis examined gender differences in predicting older adults' retirement timing. TPB included three sub factors: attitudes toward retirement, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control. Logistic regression analyzed the effects of respondents’ expectations of retirement (i.e., with vs without expected timing). The findings indicated that the TPB model works similarly for men and women but there is a difference according to marital status. Unmarried women are less likely to have accumulated financial resources and more likely to anticipate a later retirement (1.4 years) than married women and are also less likely to set an expected timing for retirement (p<05). Such a robust research agenda would provide key information for government agencies and policymakers and contribute to the development of retirement planning models or retirement education programs for older women.

scholarly journals Weather Analysis of Flight Delay at Husein Sastranegara Airport

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-98
Author(s):  
Yedi Dermadi ◽  
Shinta Devi Lukitasari ◽  
Annisaa Nurhayati
Keyword(s):  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Air Transportation ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Flight Delays ◽  
Weather Forecasts ◽  
Weather Information ◽  
Directorate General ◽  
Flight Delay ◽  
Flight Cancellations ◽  
Bad Weather

Flight is an activity that is very vulnerable to weather conditions. The accuracy of weather information strongly supports flight activities. The effects of bad weather on flights include flight delays and flight cancellations. Based on data on flight delays from the Directorate General of Air Transportation of the Ministry of Transportation from January to March 2019 at Husein Sastranegara Airport, it is known that 20-30% of flight delays are caused by weather constraints. To estimate flight delays based on weather forecasts, weather data analysis is carried out to determine the type of weather that is endangering flights and causing flight delays. The analysis was carried out using the K-NN and Random Forest algorithms

scholarly journals Short-Term and Long-Term Entrepreneurial Intention Comparison between Pakistan and Vietnam

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (23) ◽  
pp. 6529
Author(s):  
Nasar ◽  
Kamarudin ◽  
Rizal ◽  
Ngoc ◽  
Shoaib
Keyword(s):  
Theory Of Planned Behavior ◽  
Planned Behavior ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intention ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Student Sample ◽  
Partial Least Squares Model

This study’s purpose is to measure entrepreneurial intention in near and distant time scales using temporal construal theory and the theory of planned behavior. It examines new patterns to measure individual intentions to become an entrepreneur, which are classified into short-term entrepreneurial intention and long-term entrepreneurial intention, using a two-country study. A cross-sectional study of 447 university students in business and non-business disciplines from Pakistan and Vietnam was conducted. Structural equation modeling and the partial least squares model were used to present path modeling and multigroup analysis. The proposed model for entrepreneurial temporal intention was tested using the theory of planned behavior dimensions with the potential temporal spectrum of short-term and long-term intentions. The results indicated differences in individual entrepreneurial temporal intentions across the two lower middle-income countries. The findings depict that short-term entrepreneurial intention significantly mediates the effect between the theory of planned behavior dimensions and long-term entrepreneurial intention, and more specifically, that long-term entrepreneurial intention is higher than short-term entrepreneurial intention in both countries. In comparison, the theory of planned behavior dimensions indicated more power in Pakistan’s student sample. This paper presents a new perspective to compare differences in entrepreneurial intention with time fluctuation and thus provides support in identifying potential nascent entrepreneurs based on their psychological distance in thinking and primitive action.

scholarly journals Contraceptive Decision Making Among Latina Immigrants: Developing Theory-Based Survey Items

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 181-190
Author(s):  
Diana N. Carvajal ◽  
Paola C. Rivera Mudafort ◽  
Beth Barnet ◽  
Arthur E. Blank
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Theory Of Planned Behavior ◽  
Planned Behavior ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Reproductive Autonomy ◽  
Patient Centered ◽  
Latina Immigrants ◽  
Research Reporting ◽  
Initial Survey ◽  
Do So

Background: Contraception is important for reproductive autonomy, yet many Latinas do not use contraception consistently despite research reporting a desire to do so. Factors varying in priority and value come into play during contraceptive decision making. When measuring these, relevant survey items may vary by populations. Aim: This study focused on developing an ethnically responsive, patient-centered, content-valid survey for measuring factors that influence contraceptive decision making among immigrant Latinas. Method: Nonpregnant self-identified Latinas ages 15 to 24 years in Baltimore, MD, were recruited from a family planning facility. Using the theory of planned behavior as a theoretical framework and prior formative research, initial survey items were drafted (Step 1). Content validation and cognitive interviewing procedures (Step 2 and Step 3) were used to develop final items. Results: Final items (27) were content-validated by the target population; items reflect important factors and relevant contexts affecting contraceptive decision making among Latinas in Baltimore. Discussion: These theory-based items provide an important contribution to the literature because they measure and explore factors related to contraceptive decision making in an understudied population. Providers might consider these factors during counseling to build patient-centered communication. These items might serve to measure responses to theory of planned behavior–based interventions designed to improve the contraceptive counseling of Latinas.

scholarly journals Multi-Objective Weather Routing of Sailing Vessels

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 10-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin Życzkowski ◽  
Rafał Szłapczyński
Keyword(s):  
Optimization Problem ◽  
Optimization Process ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Multi Objective Optimization ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Deterministic Method ◽  
Weather Forecasts ◽  
Multi Objective ◽  
Weather Routing

Abstract The paper presents a multi-objective deterministic method of weather routing for sailing vessels. Depending on a particular purpose of sailboat weather routing, the presented method makes it possible to customize the criteria and constraints so as to fit a particular user’s needs. Apart from a typical shortest time criterion, safety and comfort can also be taken into account. Additionally, the method supports dynamic weather data: in its present version short-term, mid-term and long-term term weather forecasts are used during optimization process. In the paper the multi-objective optimization problem is first defined and analysed. Following this, the proposed method solving this problem is described in detail. The method has been implemented as an online SailAssistance application. Some representative examples solutions are presented, emphasizing the effects of applying different criteria or different values of customized parameters.

Predicting donors’ behavior in contributing to health compared to non-health sectors: an application of revised theory of planned behavior in Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeedeh Fehresti ◽  
Amirhossein Takian ◽  
Ebrahim Jaafaripooyan ◽  
Mahboubeh Parsaeian ◽  
Habib Jalilian
Keyword(s):  
Theory Of Planned Behavior ◽  
Planned Behavior ◽  
Behavioral Intention ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Moral Norm ◽  
Annual Income ◽  
Descriptive Norm ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Past Behavior

Purpose This study aims to predict the behavior of donors to give to the health sector compared with other sectors in Shiraz city, South Iran, using the revised theory of planned behavior (TPB). Design/methodology/approach This was a descriptive-analytic cross-sectional study. A standard questionnaire, which comprising 32 items, was used to survey 277 donors affiliated with various charitable associations in the city of Shiraz, South of Iran, in 2018. Participants were selected using stratified sampling and simple random sampling techniques. The authors used a revised TPB, a general model to predict and explain behavior across various types of behaviors and predict behavior based on an individual’s attitudes and beliefs. This model was used to examine the influence of eight social-psychological variables (attitude, perceived behavioral control [PBC], subjective norm, descriptive norm, moral norm, past behavior, intention behavior, self-reported) on an individual’s intention to donate to health sector charity. Data was analyzed using SPSS software version 22.0. Findings The score of all constructs of TPB in the health sector was significantly higher than in the non-health sector (P < 0.001), except for the PBC. This indicates that it does not influence the donors’ behavioral intention in selecting of charitable activity domains (e.g. health and non-health). The constructs of the moral norm, descriptive norm and past behavior in the health sector donors; and the constructs of attitude, moral norms and the variables of the annual income, and work experience in the non-health sector donors were identified as significant predictors of donors’ intention behavior. Moreover, attitude, moral norm, descriptive norm, past behavior, male gender and the annual income were the significant predictors of donors’ intention to give to health charity initiatives. Originality/value One of the most important mechanisms to compensate for the shortage of resources of the health system is the use of donors’ participation capacity. However, different donors act differently in selecting charitable activity domains, including the health sector and non-health sector (e.g. school-building donors’ association, house-building donors’ association, city-building donors’ association, library-building donors’ association, etc.). To attract donors’ participation in the health sector, some interventions to change the behavioral intention of donors towards the health sector through constructs of TPB should be taken.

scholarly journals Emergency Management Decision Making during Severe Weather

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 1268-1279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leigh A. Baumgart ◽  
Ellen J. Bass ◽  
Brenda Philips ◽  
Kevin Kloesel
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Severe Weather ◽  
Management Decision ◽  
The Public ◽  
Weather Information ◽  
Emergency Managers ◽  
Emergency Manager ◽  
Weather Events ◽  
Management Decision Making ◽  
Decision Making Model

Abstract Emergency managers make time-sensitive decisions in order to protect the public from threats including severe weather. Simulation and questionnaires were used to capture the decision-making process of emergency managers during severe weather events. These data were combined with insights from emergency manager instructors, National Weather Service (NWS) forecasters, and experienced emergency managers to develop a descriptive decision-making model of weather information usage, weather assessments, and decisions made during severe weather. This decision-making model can be used to develop better decision support tools, improve training, and to understand how innovative weather information could potentially affect emergency managers’ role of protecting the public.

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