The Changing Transitions to Adulthood across Southeast Asia

2013 ◽  
Vol 646 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quamrun Nahar ◽  
Peter Xenos ◽  
Jeofrey Abalos
Keyword(s):  
Transition To Adulthood ◽  
Economic Transformation ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Transitions To Adulthood ◽  
National Differences ◽  
Institutional Influences ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Southeast Asian Countries ◽  
Cross National

Using data from the national censuses of five Southeast Asian countries, this article examines entropy-based measures of the heterogeneity in a set of five markers of the transition to adulthood. Our results suggest that the transition to adulthood is becoming increasingly complex over time in all five countries; complexity is greatest for females, and important cross-national differences in heterogeneity levels and timing persist when underlying patterns of economic transformation are considered. In light of these persistent cross-national differences, we suggest that our census-based analysis should be complemented with case studies of these countries that focus on cultural or institutional influences. Results related to the importance of schooling suggest that cross-national comparisons of educational institutions would be fruitful.

The Transition to Adulthood among Korean Youths

2013 ◽  
Vol 646 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyunjoon Park
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Transition To Adulthood ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Family Background ◽  
Transition Process ◽  
School Enrollment ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Transitions To Adulthood ◽  
Household Headship ◽  
Using Data

Using data on Korean youths aged 15–29, this study illustrates the processes through which Korean youths make transitions to adulthood along with their life course, focusing on four transition markers—school enrollment, labor force participation, marriage, and the establishment of an independent household. Distinguishing young people’s status in the productive and reproduction spheres, I consider the combination of study and work statuses to represent the productive sphere and the combination of marriage and household headship to represent the reproductive sphere. I examine how these statuses change with age, with an explicit focus on gender differences. The investigation reveals the significance of educational institutions for transitions to adulthood among Korean youths and also substantial gender differences in the transition process. I also investigate heterogeneity in these statuses of young people by looking at how parental education and occupation affect the transition statuses. Family background matters more for Korean women’s transition to adulthood than it does for Korean men’s.

A Study of Cross-National Differences in Happiness Factors Using Machine Learning Approach

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (09n10) ◽  
pp. 1699-1702 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theresia Ratih Dewi Saputri ◽  
Seok-Won Lee
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Information Gain ◽  
Development Project ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
National Differences ◽  
Dimensionality Reduction Technique ◽  
Machine Learning Approach ◽  
National Happiness ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Cross National

National happiness has been actively studied throughout the past years. The happiness factor varies due to different human perspectives. The factors used in this work include both physical needs and the mental needs of humanity, for example, the educational factor. This work identified more than 90 features that can be used to predict the country happiness. Due to numerous features, it is unwise to rely on the prediction of national happiness by manual analysis. Therefore, this work used a machine learning technique called Support Vector Machine (SVM) to learn and predict the country happiness. In order to improve the prediction accuracy, dimensionality reduction technique which is the information gain was also used in this work. This technique was chosen due to its ability to explore the interrelationships among a set of variables. Using data of 187 countries from the UN Development Project, this work is able to identify which factor needed to be improved by a certain country to increase the happiness of their citizens.

scholarly journals ISLAM DAN PENDIDIKAN MADRASAH DI FILIPINA

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhamad Murtadlo
Keyword(s):  
Formal Education ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Southeast Asian ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
National Education ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Philippine Government ◽  
Southeast Asian Countries

AbstractMadrasah in some Southeast Asian countries have a unique position, besides being as a place of teaching and educating Islam, it also performs the function of formal education. This study will examine the position of madrasah in one of the Southeast Asian countries, namely the Philippines. Madrasah in the Philippines was initially considered as part of the seeding the idea of separatist Moro people who want to separate from the Philippines. This research was conducted by literature study approach, with the aim of tracing the history and treatment of the Philippines government to this kind of educational institutions. The results showed that the Philippine government has started to accommodate madrasah in their national education system.AbstrakMadrasah di beberapa negara Asia Tenggara mempunyai posisi unik, di samping sebagai tempat pengajaran dan pendidikan agama Islam lembaga ini ternyata juga menjalankan fungsi pendidikan formal. Penelitian ini ingin mengkaji posisi madrasah di salah satu negara Asia Tenggara, yaitu Filipina. Madrasah di Filipina awalnya dianggap sebagai bagian dari penyemaian ide separatisme bangsa Moro yang ingin memisahkan dari Filipina. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan studi kepustakaan, dengan tujuan melacak sejarah dan perlakuan pemerintah Filipina terhadap lembaga pendidikan jenis ini. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemerintah Filipina mulai mengakomodasi lembaga pendidikan madrasah dalam sistem pendidikan nasional mereka.

Transitions to Adulthood

2013 ◽  
Vol 646 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank F. Furstenberg
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Transition To Adulthood ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Family Change ◽  
The West ◽  
Transitions To Adulthood ◽  
Adult Transition ◽  
Emerging Patterns ◽  
East And Southeast Asia

This article explores the lessons of family change in the West for emerging patterns of change in East and Southeast Asia, especially for the transition to adulthood. This passage has become more protracted and less predictable in Western nations. There is also a great deal of variation in the patterning of the adult transition in different nations in Europe and the Anglo-speaking nations. I identify some of the reasons for this variation—economic, cultural, and institutional—that account for the varied regimes of early adulthood and speculate how they may impact different Asian countries, owing to historical, cultural, and institutional patterns.

scholarly journals Does Education Matter for the Relationship between Healthcare Use for Serious Health Problems and Well-being? A Study in 24 Countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 1136-1150
Author(s):  
Rania F. Valeeva
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
European Social Survey ◽  
Healthcare Use ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
National Differences ◽  
Multiple Regression Models ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Cross National

Previous research has shown that the well-being of people in Western societies varies consistently. To understand these differences, we focus on the relationship between healthcare use and well-being, since previous research has shown that poor health and lack of social support reduce well-being. Based on the findings of the previous research, we hypothesize that there is a positive relationship between healthcare use and well-being, and that the strength of this relationship increases with the years of schooling. We tested these hypotheses in 24 countries using data (N = 40,249) from the European Social Survey. The data were analyzed using hierarchical multiple regression models. Our results indicate cross-national differences in the relationship between healthcare use for serious health problems and well-being. Moreover, they suggest that the extent of education matters for this relationship, however its influence differs across countries. Further research is needed to explain these cross-national differences.

scholarly journals Leaving the Financial Nest: Connecting Young Adults’ Financial Independence to Financial Security

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan Doherty Bea ◽  
Youngmin Yi
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Transition To Adulthood ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Financial Security ◽  
Financial Independence ◽  
Transitions To Adulthood ◽  
Familial Support ◽  
Using Data

Objective: This study examines variation in young adults’ transitions to financial independence and the relationship between these transitions and financial security. Background: Individuals on their families for substantial financial support well into early adulthood, even as young adults perceive independence as a key marker of adulthood. Given known variation in transitions to adulthood and unequal exposure to financial precariousness across social groups, the authors ask whether heterogeneity emerges with regards to the timing of financial independence and types of support received, and how differences in pathways to independence may matter for financial security later in young adulthood.Method: The authors estimate group-based trajectory models of four indicators of financial independence for 1,719 young adults from age 18 - 27 using data from the 2005-2015 Panel Study of Income Dynamics (http://psidonline.isr.umich.edu/). These trajectories are then used to estimate predicted levels of financial security at the end of the study period, using logistic and linear regression analysis. Results: Results show that paths to young adults’ financial independence are best characterized by four types of trajectories: Consistently Independent (23%), Quickly Independent (41%), Gradually Independent (23%), and Consistently Supported (13%), with types and duration of support varying substantially across trajectories. The authors find that young adults experiencing trajectories characterized by lower levels of familial support also report higher levels of financial insecurity by the end of the survey. Conclusion: The findings suggest that the patterning and timing of financial independence in the transition to adulthood has implications for financial wellbeing.

scholarly journals Dissecting the Causal Chain from Quality of Government to Political Support

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom van der Meer
Keyword(s):  
Policy Implementation ◽  
Rule Of Law ◽  
Strong Predictor ◽  
Causal Chain ◽  
Political Support ◽  
National Differences ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Government Perspective ◽  
Cross National

This chapter investigates to what extent cross-national differences in political support can be explained by the quality of government. The quality of government perspective implies that the executive ought to be bound by its own rules: impartiality and rule of law. The chapter formulates and tests hypotheses about the effects of governmental impartiality, rule of law, bureaucratic professionalism, and corruption on citizens’ political support using data from the ESS 2012. Of these indicators, it is the impartiality of policy implementation by the national bureaucracy that stands out as a consistently significant, robust, and strong predictor of political support.

The Decline of Rural Industry Under Export Expansion: A Comparison among Burma, Philippines, and Thailand, 1870–1938

1970 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen A. Resnick
Keyword(s):  
The Philippines ◽  
Economic Transformation ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Social Forces ◽  
Colonial History ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Rural Industry ◽  
Export Expansion ◽  
Agrarian Societies ◽  
Southeast Asian Countries

This paper endeavors to explain the economic and social forces underlying the economic transformation of three Southeast Asian countries from agrarian societies to commercial ones. In particular, a model is used to explore this historic behavior over the period 1870 to 1938 for Burma, the Philippines, and Thailand. It is also suggested that the varying economic consequences of the model were dependent on the respective pre-colonial history and the type of colonial or governmental rule.

Mexican Adolescent Migration to the United States and Transitions to Adulthood

2013 ◽  
Vol 648 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
René Zenteno ◽  
Silvia E. Giorguli ◽  
Edith Gutiérrez
Keyword(s):  
Transition To Adulthood ◽  
Family Formation ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mexican Migration ◽  
Transitions To Adulthood ◽  
Adult Transition ◽  
Individual Household ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Life Course

This article contributes to our understanding of how the motivation to migrate varies depending on the stage in the life course, particularly during the youth-to-adult transition. Using data from the Mexican Migration Project, we estimate discrete-time-hazard models of the probabilities of a first migration, using individual, household, community, and macroeconomic variables during and after adolescence for both men and women. We show that the determinants of migration are different for adolescents than they are for adults. While migration-related social capital has proved to be an important factor in increasing and perpetuating migration, we find that its effect is even stronger for teenagers than for other age groups. We also shed light on how adolescent migration is influenced by other major markers of the transition to adulthood, such as education, labor force experience, and family formation.

Economic Globalization and Democratic Development in East Asia: The Indirect Link

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 248-266
Author(s):  
Hayam Kim ◽  
Uk Heo
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Economic Globalization ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Economic Transformation ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Democratic Development ◽  
The Past ◽  
Theoretical Mechanism ◽  
Using Data

Over the past decades, East Asian states have enjoyed economic development and progress toward democracy through extensive economic transformation: trade and financial liberalization. To explain the theoretical mechanism of these variables, we investigate the direct and indirect effects of globalization on democratic development via economic development. To this end, a two-equation model is specified and estimated using data from 1972 to 2010 for 12 East Asian countries. The results show that globalization has not only a direct effect, but also an indirect effect on democracy via economic development.

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