scholarly journals Financial Procedure in the State Legislatures

1896 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 24-46
Author(s):  
Earnest L. Bogart
Keyword(s):  
State Legislatures ◽  
The State

MAKING MONEY BY MAKING BABIES

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
pp. 599-599
Author(s):  
J. F. L.
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
State Legislatures ◽  
Single Women ◽  
The State ◽  
State Health ◽  
Surrogate Mothers ◽  
New Business

The State of New York may be eager to attract new business, but there's one kind of inflow it would do well to avoid. According to state health officials, New York is fast becoming "the surrogate-parenting capital of the nation." New York accounts for some 40 percent of the several thousand surrogate parenting contracts signed so far in the nation, and the number is rising ... At least 17 state legislatures have decided it's harmful commerce, and forbidden it. So have Germany, France, Britain and a slew of other countries. But not New York . . . That's why advertisements like this one appear in New York newspapers: Married or single women with children needed as surrogate mothers for couples unable to have children. Conception to be by artificial insemination. Please state your fee. Contact ... For those who want children, infertility can be a tragedy. Allowing this kind of commerce, however, would be a greater one.

Disclosure Two Ways

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin B. Bernstein
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Assisted Reproduction ◽  
State Legislatures ◽  
The State ◽  
Health Impacts ◽  
The Past ◽  
Abortion Rights ◽  
State Statutes ◽  
Psychological Risks

In the past two decades, courts and scholars have grappled with the appropriateness of pre-abortion disclosures mandated by the state. Statutes requiring physicians to recite a specific script, often detailing potential psychological “risks” of choosing to terminate a pregnancy, have proliferated nationwide over the past decade. Opponents of such laws have sometimes characterized the requirement of a procedurespecific disclosure as unnecessary and unique to the abortion context. In recent years, however, state legislatures supportive of abortion rights have legislated procedure-specific mandatory disclosures in the context of assisted reproduction and other health care procedures with reproductive health impacts.

Part III Structure of State Government, 9 The State Legislative Branch

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Williams Robert F
Keyword(s):  
State Government ◽  
Direct Democracy ◽  
State Legislatures ◽  
The State ◽  
State Constitutions ◽  
The People ◽  
Legislative Branch ◽  
State Legislative

This chapter discusses the fact that state constitutions create a legislative branch that is substantially different from the federal Congress. Most importantly, state legislatures exercise reserved, plenary power subject only to limitations in the state or federal Constitutions. The federal Congress, by contrast, exercises enumerated, delegated power. In addition, the state legislatures are subject to a variety of limitations on the process of lawmaking that are contained in state constitutions. The chapter discusses the variety of approaches to judicial enforcement of these procedural limitations. Finally, in a number of states, the state legislature's lawmaking power is shared with the people, who can enact or defeat laws through direct democracy, or the initiative and referendum processes.

Save the Death Penalty for the Most Culpable Offenders

1993 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 363-372
Author(s):  
Michael B. Ross
Keyword(s):  
Death Penalty ◽  
Capital Punishment ◽  
Mentally Ill ◽  
State Legislatures ◽  
Mentally Retarded ◽  
The State ◽  
Heated Debate ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Controversial Topic

The death penalty is a controversial topic that continues to generate heated debate in our country. Polls show that the vast majority of Americans favor the use of capital punishment. In response, politicians both in Congress and in the state legislatures have proposed measures to expand our use of the death penalty and to speed up the rate of executions. However, while this “tough on crime” rhetoric is popular, we as Americans must be careful to see that those whom we do execute are in fact the most culpable of offenders. This article explores our past use of the death penalty and proposes that we implement certain protections for the least culpable of offenders: the mentally ill, the mentally retarded, and the juvenile.

Public Law in the State Courts in 1926–1927

1927 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 573-597
Author(s):  
Robert E. Cushman
Keyword(s):  
Metropolitan Areas ◽  
State Legislatures ◽  
State Legislature ◽  
Public Law ◽  
Fixed Number ◽  
The State ◽  
State Courts ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
The City ◽  
Equal Population

Legislative Apportionment. The problem of the representation of large cities or metropolitan districts in state legislatures is becoming increasingly difficult and acute. The number of states in which a single center of population is with each census approaching a size which entitles it, on the basis of its inhabitants, to a controlling proportion of the representatives in the state legislature grows steadily as the current of population toward the city continues to flow. Certain states have dealt with this situation by frankly and openly discriminating against these metropolitan areas by specifying that they shall never be entitled to more than a fixed percentage of the representatives. The constitutions of certain other states do not permit this, however, but require that after each decennial census a total fixed number of members in the legislative body shall be allotted equally to districts of equal population. If this is done the metropolis is guaranteed under each apportionment the increase in representation to which its proportionate increase in population entitles it. And the answer volunteered to this problem by several state legislatures has been steadily to refuse to reapportion the state.

The Role of the State Legislatures in the Confederacy.

1967 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 413
Author(s):  
Ralph A. Wooster ◽  
May Spencer Ringold
Keyword(s):  
State Legislatures ◽  
The State ◽  
Role Of The State

Single-Member Districts and the Representation of Women in American State Legislatures: The Effects of Electoral System Change

2002 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
James D. King
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
State Legislatures ◽  
Electoral System ◽  
System Change ◽  
State Legislature ◽  
The State ◽  
Representation Of Women ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Election Results ◽  
American State

This study assesses the effects of changing electoral structure on the representation of women in American state legislatures. Specifically, how does converting from multimember districts (MMDs) to single-member districts (SMDs) affect the proportion of women serving in the state legislature? I use a quasi-experimental design, comparing election results from the four states that eliminated MMDs during the reapportionment following the 1990 census to those in eight states whose systems did not change during this period. The weight of the evidence suggests that abandoning MMDs for SMDs decreases the representation of women in state legislatures.

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