Disclosure Two Ways

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin B. Bernstein
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Assisted Reproduction ◽  
State Legislatures ◽  
The State ◽  
Health Impacts ◽  
The Past ◽  
Abortion Rights ◽  
State Statutes ◽  
Psychological Risks

In the past two decades, courts and scholars have grappled with the appropriateness of pre-abortion disclosures mandated by the state. Statutes requiring physicians to recite a specific script, often detailing potential psychological “risks” of choosing to terminate a pregnancy, have proliferated nationwide over the past decade. Opponents of such laws have sometimes characterized the requirement of a procedurespecific disclosure as unnecessary and unique to the abortion context. In recent years, however, state legislatures supportive of abortion rights have legislated procedure-specific mandatory disclosures in the context of assisted reproduction and other health care procedures with reproductive health impacts.

scholarly journals Assessment in the primary care of the State of São Paulo, Brazil: incipient actions in sexual and reproductive health

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Arantes Nasser ◽  
Maria Ines Battistella Nemes ◽  
Marta Campagnoni Andrade ◽  
Rogério Ruscitto do Prado ◽  
Elen Rose Lodeiro Castanheira
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Sexual And Reproductive Health ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
The State ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Primary Health

OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to assess performance in sexual and reproductive health of primary health care services of the Brazilian Unified Health System, in the State of São Paulo, Brazil. METHODS An evaluative framework was built for sexual and reproductive health with the categorization of 99 indicators in three domains: sexual and reproductive health promotion (25), sexually transmitted infections/AIDS prevention and care (43), and reproductive health care (31). This framework was applied to assess the services responses to the questionnaire of Quality Evaluation of Primary Health Care in the Municipalities of São Paulo State (QualiAB), in 2010. Percentages were calculated for positive responses to indicators and performance in the sexual and reproductive health dimension, according to domains, and their contribution to the overall score in sexual and reproductive health (Friedman), relative participation (Dunn), and correlation (Spearman) was verified. RESULTS Overall, 2,735 services participated in the study. They were located in 586 municipalities (distributed throughout the 17 regional health departments of São Paulo), of which 70.6% had fewer than 100,000 inhabitants. The overall average performance of these services for sexual and reproductive health is 56.8%. The actions are characterized by: prenatal with adequate beginning and exams, better organization for immediate rather than for late postnatal care, and selective reproductive planning for some contraceptives; prevention based on specific protection, limitations in the prevention of congenital syphilis, in the treatment of sexually transmitted infections, and in the screening of cervical and breast cancer; specific educational activities, with a restricted vulnerability approach, focus on sexuality over reproduction. The domain of reproductive health has greater participation in the overall score, followed by prevention/care and promotion. The three domains are correlated; the domain of prevention/care has the highest correlation with the other ones. CONCLUSIONS The implementation of sexual and reproductive health in primary health care in the services studied is incipient. The revision of the purpose of the work, the dissemination of technologies, and the investing in permanent education are needed. The evaluative framework built can be used by the sexual and reproductive health program services and management in primary health care, thereby contributing to their actions.

State Constitutional Law in 1930–31

1931 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 650-670
Author(s):  
Oliver P. Field
Keyword(s):  
Supreme Court ◽  
Constitutional Law ◽  
Majority Rule ◽  
State Legislatures ◽  
The State ◽  
Rural Districts ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
Significant Case ◽  
State Constitutional Law

The most significant case in the field of state constitutional law decided during the past year is that of State ex rel. Miller v. Hinkle, decided by the supreme court of Washington in 1930. This case held that an apportionment act is a “law,” and can be popularly initiated under the initiative and referendum provisions of the constitution of the state of Washington. The court granted a petition for a writ of mandamus to compel the secretary of state to accept a petition submitting to popular referendum a proposal to redistrict the state for purposes of representation in the legislature. The legislature had failed for many years to perform its constitutional duty to reapportion the state, and this case illustrates the most conclusive argument in favor of the use of the initiative and referendum for purposes of ordinary legislation, even though the only legislation to which it be applied be that of reapportionment. Many states are faced with a serious problem in connection with over-representation of rural districts in the legislature and under-representation of urban districts. The initiative and referendum seem to offer about the only way out of the difficulty if state legislatures refuse to correct the inequality. The only alternative is that we change our ideas as to the necessity of majority rule in the selection and composition of legislative bodies, a change which the rural districts appear already to have made.

scholarly journals Exploring the Backyard of nCOVID: Determinants of death toll in pandemics

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 110-117
Author(s):  
Rajesh Gupta ◽  
Smita Trivedi
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Health Expenditure ◽  
Healthcare Expenditure ◽  
Health Care Expenditure ◽  
Health Impacts ◽  
Policy Intervention ◽  
The Past ◽  
Death Toll ◽  
The World

Heterogeneity in number of deaths in different countries during the ongoing nCOVID crisis challenged us to look for determinants of pandemic death toll across the world. Using the past two decades data of pandemic deaths in the world, this study considered if engagement in international trade, health care expenditure and population density have any impact on the pandemic death toll. Using linear regression model controlled for types of disease, we not only found trade significantly impacting death toll, but also surprisingly found positive correlation between share of healthcare expenditure in GDP and fatalities in pandemics. Our findings suggest that policy intervention is required for mitigating health impacts of trade and ‘tweaking’ the health expenditure towards pandemic prevention.

scholarly journals Abortion: pros and cons

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.I. Kovalenko ◽  
O.A. SHarshova
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Family Medicine ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
The State ◽  
The Public ◽  
Health Care Practices ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
Care Practices

The article examines the socio-economic, medical, moral and legal factors of abortion of women in Russia. The authors believe that the country has one of the most liberal legislation in relation to abortion and analyze health care practices in relation to the reproductive health of women from the state, family, medicine, church, and the public.

scholarly journals Catastrophic COVID-19 Second Wave in Aligarh: Lessons learnt

2021 ◽  
pp. 140-143
Author(s):  
Syed Ziaur Rahman ◽  
Saif Khan ◽  
- Shujauddin
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Past Experience ◽  
The State ◽  
Third Wave ◽  
The Past ◽  
Lessons Learnt ◽  
Health Care Infrastructure ◽  
Second Wave

The second wave of COVID-19 in India showed its devastated effect mainly in April-May 2021 and crumbled the whole health care infrastructure. Demand for medical oxygen was higher during the second wave of COVID-19 pandemic in comparison to the first spell. Three states viz Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh and Delhi were more severely affected. Aligarh, a small district of around 1.8 million population lies in the state of Uttar Pradesh (UP). The district is famous as ‘Oxford of the East’ due to large number of intellectuals and teachers living and working at Aligarh Muslim University, was obviously not left unsaved in this second wave. The present paper discussed the catastrophic effect of COVID-19 second wave in Aligarh, the possible reasons behind it, preparation for the anticipated third wave and lessons learnt from the past experience. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.20(5) 2021 p.140-143

scholarly journals Judicial Lawfare: Analysis of Legal Arguments against Abortion Rights in Peruvian Courts

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila Gianella ◽  
Brenda Álvarez
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Sexual And Reproductive Health ◽  
The State ◽  
Legal Mobilization ◽  
Abortion Rights ◽  
Legal Arguments ◽  
Innovative Capacity ◽  
Latin American Countries

Abstract This article analyzes the puzzling case of Peru, a country highlighted as an example of the internationalization of sexual and reproductive health and rights norms through supranational litigation, but where these legal victories have not prompted an expansion of abortion rights. Through the analysis of three judicial cases, with a focus on the legal arguments and strategies, the article argues that two features of the abortion legal mobilization in Peru are key to understand the lack of more positive developments: 1) formalistic feature of Peruvian Courts, that offers little space toward recognizing additional grounds for abortion, as has been the case in other Latin American countries; 2) innovative capacity of anti-abortion legal mobilization, that have forced to create a tacit alliance between the movement toward the recognition of abortion rights and the State, to defend the (restricted) abortion rights in the country.

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