Current Status of Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation

2019 ◽  
Vol 85 (6) ◽  
pp. 631-637 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina L. Kaufman ◽  
Neal Bhutiani ◽  
Allan Ramirez ◽  
Huey Y. Tien ◽  
Michelle D. Palazzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Standard Of Care ◽  
The United States ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Tissue Loss ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation ◽  
20Th Anniversary ◽  
Treatment Alternatives ◽  
To Receive

The field of vascularized composite allotransplantation (VCA) has moved from a highly experimental procedure to, at least for some patients, one of the best treatment alternatives for catastrophic tissue loss or dysfunction. Although the worldwide experience is still limited, progress has been made in translation to the clinic, and hand transplantation was recently designated standard of care and is now covered in full by the British Health System. This progress is tempered by the long-term challenges of systemic immunosuppression, and the rapidly evolving indications for VCA such as urogenital transplantation. This update will cover the state of and recent changes in the field, and an update of the Louisville VCA program as our initial recipient, the first person to receive a hand transplant in the United States celebrates the 20th anniversary of his transplant. The achievements and complications encountered over the last two decades will be reviewed. In addition, potential directions for research and collaboration as well as practical issues of how third party payers and funding are affecting growth of the field are presented.

Specimen banking of marine organisms in the United States: Current status and long-term prospective

Chemosphere ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 34 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 1889-1906 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.R. Becker ◽  
S.A. Wise ◽  
L. Thorsteinson ◽  
B.J. Koster ◽  
T. Rowles
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Marine Organisms ◽  
Current Status

A SNAPSHOT OF GERMANY'S EIA APPROACH IN LIGHT OF THE UNITED STATES ARCHETYPE

2012 ◽  
Vol 14 (04) ◽  
pp. 1250022 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOHANN KÖPPEL ◽  
GESA GEIßLER ◽  
JENNIFER HELFRICH ◽  
JESSICA REISERT
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Impact Assessment ◽  
Environmental Impact Assessment ◽  
Role Model ◽  
The United States ◽  
Current Status ◽  
National Environmental Policy Act ◽  
25Th Anniversary ◽  
20Th Anniversary ◽  
National Environmental

November 2010 marked the 25th anniversary of the EU Environmental Impact Assessment Directive and the 20th anniversary of its implementation in Germany via the Environmental Impact Assessment Act (EIAA) in 1990. Reflecting back to the original role model for these pieces of legisiation, the 1969 US National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) can bring some interesting differences to light. Four decades of experience from the more mature US EIA system may hold some important lessons for Germany's younger EIAA. While an outright comparison is impossible at this present time, this article aims to contribute a comparative perspective to show the current status of the original US model, NEPA, and the differences in development and practice to Germany's younger EIAA.

scholarly journals Social Reporting and New Governance Regulation: The Prospects of Achieving Corporate Accountability Through Transparency

2007 ◽  
Vol 17 (03) ◽  
pp. 453-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Hess
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Social Reporting ◽  
New Governance ◽  
Corporate Accountability ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Reporting Practices ◽  
Important Form

ABSTRACT: This paper argues that social reporting can be an important form of New Governance regulation to achieve stakeholder accountability. Current social reporting practices, however, fall short of achieving stakeholder accountability and actually may work against it. By examining the success and failures of other transparency programs in the United States, we can identify key factors for ensuring the success of social reporting over the long term. These factors include increasing the benefits-to-costs ratios of both the users of the information and the disclosers, and recognizing the importance of the involvement of third-party intermediaries.

scholarly journals Perceived structural vulnerabilities among detained noncitizen immigrants in Minnesota

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. e0252232
Author(s):  
Kazumi Tsuchiya ◽  
Olivia Toles ◽  
Christopher Levesque ◽  
Kimberly Horner ◽  
Eric Ryu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Language Proficiency ◽  
English Language ◽  
The United States ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Structural Determinants ◽  
Immigration Detention ◽  
The Us ◽  
Immigration Reforms ◽  
Collaborative Efforts

Across several decades there has been an unprecedented increase in immigration enforcement including detention and deportation. Immigration detention profoundly impacts those experiencing detention and their family members. An emerging area of research has found that immigrants experience a number of challenges which constrain and limit their decisions, choices, and options for security and integration in the United States due to social, political and structural determinants. These determinants lead to greater structural vulnerabilities among immigrants. The purpose of the current study was to illuminate the perceived vulnerabilities of detained noncitizen immigrants as they are raised and described while attending case hearings at the Bloomington, Minnesota immigration court. Through conducting a thematic analysis of notes derived from third party immigration court observers, three areas of perceived vulnerability were identified. These perceived vulnerabilities include 1) migration and motivations to migrate, 2) structural vulnerabilities (e.g., discrimination, financial insecurity, social ties and family support, stable or fixed residence, English language proficiency, health and mental health) in the US, and 3) challenges in navigating immigration detention. These findings demonstrate that noncitizen immigrants who are undergoing immigration detention are experiencing multiple intersecting vulnerabilities which profoundly impact their lives. Collaborative efforts across sectors are needed to work towards comprehensive immigration reforms including both short-term and long-term solutions to address pressing issues for noncitizens undergoing immigration detention.

Space-exposed seed experiment developed for students

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 860-861
Author(s):  
Donna Leeper ◽  
Kelvin Bridgers ◽  
Ernest C. Hammond
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Long Duration ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Abundant Supply ◽  
Germination And Growth ◽  
To Receive

The SEEDS project was flown in orbit aboard the Long Duration Exposure (LDEF) for nearly six years. During this time in space, the tomato seeds received an enormously abundant supply of cosmic radiation. Upon the return of the LDEF to earth, the SEEDS project was distributed throughout the United States and 30 foreign countries for analysis. The purpose of the experiment was to determine the long term effects of cosmic rays on living tissue. At Morgan, the analysis performed varied from germination and growth rates to electron microscopy and x ray analysis.In analyzing the seeds under the electron microscope, usual observations were performed on the nutritional and epidermic layers of the seed. These layers appeared to be more porous in the space-exposed seeds than in the Earth-based control seeds. This unusual characteristic may explain the increase in the space seeds’ growth pattern. (Several test results show that the space-exposed seeds germinate sooner than the Earth-based seeds. Also, the space exposed seeds are growing at a faster rate.) The porous nutritional region may allow the the seeds to receive necessary nutrients and liquids more readily. Thus, enabling the plant to grow at a much faster rate.

Collier County, Florida: Consideration of Gasification as a Long-Term Waste Management Solution

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen C. Schwarz ◽  
Daniel E. Dietch
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Evaluation Process ◽  
The United States ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Collier County ◽  
Wide Range

Collier County, Florida (“County”) is in the midst of developing an integrated waste management program. Unlike many counties, Collier County owns a landfill with sufficient long-term landfill capacity to last another 15 years. However, due to the Board of County Commissioner’s (“Board”) desire to have a 50-year solution for solid waste, the County has set upon a course to divert waste from the landfill to the maximum extent possible. In doing so, the County solicited long-term waste management solutions from private companies capable of processing the majority of the municipal solid waste generated in the County. Over the past two years, the County has considered several of these alternatives ranging from MSW composting to mass-burn waste-to-energy; however, based on an evaluation of a wide range of impacts, gasification was selected as the preferred alternative. With this focus, the County issued a Request for Proposal (“RFP”) in November 2001 for a design, build, own, operate, and finance gasification project. The County received three proposals in April 2002 in response to the RFP. To date, the County has completed the proposal evaluation process and has ranked the top two responsive firms: Interstate Waste Technologies (“IWT”) and Brightstar Environmental (Florida), LLC (“Brightstar”) based on experience, technical approach, business arrangement, and cost. If implemented, this project will be the only commercial gasification project operating in the United States. This paper will provide insight into various stages of the project, from development through to the current status of the project, as well as the strategic policy, financial, and technical considerations that make this opportunity a good fit for the County. An emphasis will also be placed on comparing and contrasting the benefits and drawbacks of each technology, such as processing methodology, cost, redundancy, and scalability.

scholarly journals COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptability and Inequity in the United States: Results from a nationally representative survey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dustin Gibson ◽  
Smisha Agarwal ◽  
Ankita Meghani ◽  
Rupali J. Limaye ◽  
Alain Labrique
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Influenza Vaccine ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
The United States ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Sample Population ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Racial Ethnic

AbstractBackgroundAt the time of this survey, September 1st, there were roughly 6 million COVID-19 cases and 176,771 deaths in the United States and no federally approved vaccine. The objective of this study was to explore the willingness to accept a COVID-19 vaccine in the United States and describe variability in this acceptability by key racial, ethnic and socio-demographic characteristics.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional digital survey that sampled participants from a nationally-representative panel maintained by a third party, Dynata. Dynata randomly sampled their database and emailed web-based surveys to United States residents ensuring the sample was matched to US Census estimates for age, race, gender, income, and Census region. Participants were asked how willing or unwilling they would be to: 1) receive a COVID-19 vaccine as soon as it was made publicly available, and 2) receive the influenza vaccine for the upcoming influenza season. Participants could respond with extremely willing, willing, unwilling, or extremely unwilling. For those who reported being unwilling to receive a COVID-19 vaccine, reasons for this hesitancy were captured. All participants were asked about where they obtain vaccine-related information, and which sources they trust most. Univariable and multivariable logistic regressions were conducted to examine the association of all demographic characteristics with willingness to receive COVID-19 vaccine.FindingsFrom September 1st to September 7, 2020, 1592 respondents completed the online survey. Overall, weighted analyses found that only 58.9% of the sample population were either willing or extremely willing to receive a COVID-19 vaccine as soon as it was made publicly available. In comparison, 67.7% of the respondents were willing or extremely willing to take the influenza vaccine. By gender, 66.1% of males and 51.5% of females were willing to receive a COVID-19 vaccine. Males were significantly more willing to receive a COVID-19 vaccine (adjusted odds ratio (OR)=1.98, 95% CI: 1.56, 2.53; p<0.001) than females. Blacks were the least willing racial/ethnic group (48.8%) Blacks, (aOR=0.59, 95%CI: 0.43, 0.80; p<0.001) were significantly less willing, than whites, to receive a COVID-19 vaccine. There were numerous reasons provided for being unwilling to receive a COVID-19 vaccine. The most common reason was concern about the vaccine’s safety (36.9%), followed by concerns over its efficacy (19.1%).InterpretationIn conclusion, we found that a substantial proportion (41%) of United States residents are unwilling to receive a COVID-19 vaccine as soon as one is made publicly available. We found that vaccine acceptance differs by sub-populations. In addition to sub-group differences in willingness to receive the vaccine, respondents provided a variety of reasons for being unwilling to receive the vaccine, driven by various sources of vaccine information (and misinformation). This compounds the challenge of delivering a safe and efficacious COVID-19 vaccine at a population level to achieve herd immunity. A multi-pronged and targeted communications and outreach effort is likely needed to achieve a high level of immunization coverage.

Alberta elections could boost Canadian oil image

2015 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
First Nations ◽  
The United States ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Surprising Result ◽  
Popular Vote ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Central Eastern Europe ◽  
Oil Sector ◽  
Keystone Xl

Significance The NDP won 42% of the popular vote and 53 of the provincial assembly's 87 seats while the PC was reduced to eleven seats and third-party status. This surprising result will have important implications for Alberta's oil sector. It has also shattered preconceptions about what was previously considered Canada's most conservative province and may have significant implications for the federal election due in October. Impacts Keystone XL will face greater challenges as shale oil in the United States consolidates. Greater solar adoption poses a greater long-term threat to the Alberta gas sector. LNG exports will remain strong for geopolitical reasons, with Central-Eastern Europe seeking to diversify from Russian sources. However, LNG will face stiff opposition from First Nations groups in British Columbia.

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