scholarly journals Inorganic Arsenic Determination in Food: A Review of Analytical Proposals and Quality Assessment Over the Last Six Years

2016 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toni Llorente-Mirandes ◽  
Roser Rubio ◽  
José Fermín López-Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Quality Assessment ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Certified Reference Materials ◽  
Inorganic Arsenic ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Safety And Health ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Food Commodities ◽  
Arsenic Determination

Here we review recent developments in analytical proposals for the assessment of inorganic arsenic (iAs) content in food products. Interest in the determination of iAs in products for human consumption such as food commodities, wine, and seaweed among others is fueled by the wide recognition of its toxic effects on humans, even at low concentrations. Currently, the need for robust and reliable analytical methods is recognized by various international safety and health agencies, and by organizations in charge of establishing acceptable tolerance levels of iAs in food. This review summarizes the state of the art of analytical methods while highlighting tools for the assessment of quality assessment of the results, such as the production and evaluation of certified reference materials (CRMs) and the availability of specific proficiency testing (PT) programmes. Because the number of studies dedicated to the subject of this review has increased considerably over recent years, the sources consulted and cited here are limited to those from 2010 to the end of 2015.

scholarly journals Arsenic Determination in Water Supplies for Human Consumption of the Province of Cartago, Costa Rica

2011 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Virginia Montero Campos ◽  
Jaime Quesada Kimsey ◽  
Aura Ledezma Espiniza ◽  
Jose A Sandoval Mora
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Hydride Generation ◽  
Inorganic Arsenic ◽  
Costa Rican ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
The Us ◽  
Risk Areas ◽  
Arsenic Determination ◽  
Maximum Limit

Aim: To disclose scientific knowledge about hydroarsenicism in Latin America, as well as to determine the presence of arsenic in water used for human consumption in risk areas of Costa Rica, specifically at the Central, Oreamuno, Paraíso and Alvarado counties of the province of Cartago. Methods: Quantification of inorganic arsenic by hydride generation and flame atomic absorption, according to method 7062 of the US Agency of Environmental Protection. Results:  None of the analyzed samples surpassed the maximum limit of 10 µg/L allowed by the present Costa Rican legislation. Conclusion: Even though sampled areas are of volcanic nature and therefore of arsenic risk, the population consumes water of direct underground origin with a great superficial influence and little or no contact to deeper volcanic rock, thus not contaminated with arsenic. 

scholarly journals Analytical Strategies for the Determination of Arsenic in Rice

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno E. S. Costa ◽  
Luciana M. Coelho ◽  
Cleide S. T. Araújo ◽  
Helen C. Rezende ◽  
Nívia M. M. Coelho
Keyword(s):  
Inorganic Arsenic ◽  
Sample Pretreatment ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Analytical Strategies ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Route Of Exposure ◽  
High Concentrations

Arsenic is an element of concern given its toxicological significance, even at low concentrations. Food is a potential route of exposure to inorganic arsenic and in this regard arsenic in rice is associated with soil contamination, fertilizer application, and the use of arsenic-containing irrigation water. Therefore, there is a need to investigate the regional rice crops with a view to future discussions on the need for possible regulatory measures. Several studies have reported high concentrations of arsenic in rice grown in soils irrigated with contaminated water; however, procedures used, including sample pretreatment and preconcentration steps, have to be followed to ensure sensitivity, accuracy, and reproducibility. Arsenic is a difficult element to measure in complex matrices, such as foods, because the matrix must be destroyed at an elevated temperature without the loss of the analyte or contamination. This review summarizes the major methods for the determination of arsenic in rice samples. The main purpose of this review is to provide an update on the recent literature concerning the strategies for the determination of arsenic and to critically discuss their advantages and weaknesses. These difficulties are described along with recent developments aimed at overcoming these potential issues.

scholarly journals Innovative Seafood Preservation Technologies: Recent Developments

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 92
Author(s):  
Michael G. Kontominas ◽  
Anastasia V. Badeka ◽  
Ioanna S. Kosma ◽  
Cosmas I. Nathanailides
Keyword(s):  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Life Extension ◽  
Processing Technologies ◽  
High Quality Protein ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Seafood Products ◽  
Fishery Products ◽  
Food Commodities ◽  
Fish And Fishery Products ◽  
Natural Preservatives

Fish and fishery products are among the food commodities of high commercial value, high-quality protein content, vitamins, minerals and unsaturated fatty acids, which are beneficial to health. However, seafood products are highly perishable and thus require proper processing to maintain their quality and safety. On the other hand, consumers, nowadays, demand fresh or fresh-like, minimally processed fishery products that do not alter their natural quality attributes. The present article reviews the results of studies published over the last 15 years in the literature on: (i) the main spoilage mechanisms of seafood including contamination with pathogens and (ii) innovative processing technologies applied for the preservation and shelf life extension of seafood products. These primarily include: high hydrostatic pressure, natural preservatives, ozonation, irradiation, pulse light technology and retort pouch processing.

Developments in mycotoxin analysis: an update for 2015-2016

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Berthiller ◽  
C. Brera ◽  
M.H. Iha ◽  
R. Krska ◽  
V.M.T. Lattanzio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Ergot Alkaloids ◽  
Sampling Strategies ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Mycotoxin Analysis

This review summarises developments in the determination of mycotoxins over a period between mid-2015 and mid-2016. Analytical methods to determine aflatoxins, Alternaria toxins, ergot alkaloids, fumonisins, ochratoxins, patulin, trichothecenes and zearalenone are covered in individual sections. Advances in proper sampling strategies are discussed in a dedicated section, as are methods used to analyse botanicals and spices and newly developed liquid chromatography mass spectrometry based multi-mycotoxin methods. This critical review aims to briefly discuss the most important recent developments and trends in mycotoxin determination as well as to address limitations of presented methodologies.

scholarly journals Quality assessment of Zeus faber (Peter’s fish) ovaries regularly commercialized for human consumption

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Filippo Giarratana ◽  
Graziella Ziino ◽  
Valerio D'Andrea ◽  
Antonio Panebianco ◽  
Alessandro Giuffrida
Keyword(s):  
Quality Assessment ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Fresh Products ◽  
Vibrio Spp ◽  
Zeus Faber

n the last few years, the consumption of fish eggs has increased rapidly, finding widespread use also in mass catering. This increase has involved also those of the Peter’s fish (Zeus faber). Females of this species, by their reproductive characteristics, have highly developed gonads in different periods of the year, making the raw material easy to find. The aim of the present study was to perform a quality assessment of Zeus faber ovaries regularly commercialized for human consumption. A total number of 34 samples, divided in fresh (11) and frozen (23), were processed for microbiological characterization, parasitological and histological evaluations. Fresh and frozen samples have significant (P<0.01) differences in total bacterial charge, with values of 4.75±0.5 Log CFU/g and 3.65±0.7 Log CFU/g respectively. The mean value of Enterobacteriaceae was 2.58±0.7 Log CFU/g in fresh products, while 52.17% (12) of frozen samples reported loads of <1 Log CFU/g. No Salmonella spp. and Listeria monocytogenes were found. Aeromonas spp. was detected in two frozen sample (with loads of 2.2 and <1 Log CFU/g) and in 5 fresh ovaries with value ranged from 1.70 to 3.48 Log CFU/g. Vibrio spp. was found in 4 (36.36%) and 3 (13.04%) of fresh and frozen samples respectively, with loads always <1 Log CFU/g. All 31 Vibrio strains isolated, were identified as Vibrio alginolyticus, and 61.29% (19) of them was positive for the ToxRS factor and 6.45% (2) for ToxR. The 47.06% (16) of total samples showed infestations by larvae of Anisakis Type 1 in the serous and inside the ovary. In this last case, histologically it was found to be free larvae. This study attested satisfactory hygiene conditions for Zeus faber ovaries currently marked for human consumption. The presence of potentially pathogenic strains of V. alginolyticus and Aeromonas spp., but above all the frequent infestation by Anisakis larvae, represent a potentially hazard for the consumer.

scholarly journals Shallow Groundwater Quality Assessment and Its Suitability Analysis for Drinking and Irrigation Purposes

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 3361
Author(s):  
Muhammad Yousuf Jat Baloch ◽  
Wenjing Zhang ◽  
Juanfen Chai ◽  
Shuxin Li ◽  
Muwaffaq Alqurashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Assessment ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Carbonic Acid ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Shallow Groundwater ◽  
The United States ◽  
Chloride Ions ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Water Type

For shallow groundwater, hydrogeochemical processes and quality assessment must be addressed because shallow groundwater is freely available in many parts of the globe. Due to recent anthropogenic activities and environmental changes in Sakrand, Sindh, Pakistan, the groundwater is extremely vulnerable. To provide safe drinking and agricultural water, hydrogeochemical analysis is required. Ninety-five groundwater samples were analyzed using agricultural and drinking indices to determine the hydrogeochemical parameters using multivariate analysis such as Pearson correlations, principal component cluster analysis, as well as Piper diagrams and Gibbs plot for drinking and agricultural indices. An abundance of ions was observed through the statistical summary; however, cations and anions were recorded in the orders Na+ > Ca2+ > Mg2+ > K+ and HCO3− > Cl− > SO42− > NO3− > F−. The hydrogeochemical process used to quantify the major reactions occurring in the groundwater system showed rock dominance; the Piper diagrams evaluated the water type. A mixed pattern of calcium, magnesium, and chloride ions (Ca2+−Mg2+−Cl− type) was observed. Additionally, the ion exchange method showed an excess of bicarbonate ions due to carbonic acid weathering. The water quality index (WQI) resulted 32.6% of groundwater being unsuitable for human consumption; however, the United States Salinity Laboratory (USSL) diagram showed 60% of samples fall in the irrigable category and the Wilcox diagram depicted 5% of samples lying in the unsuitable region. Most of the water samples were suitable for drinking; only a few samples were unsafe for drinking purposes for children due to the high hazard index. High salinity meant some samples were unsuitable for irrigation.

scholarly journals Chemical Characteristics and Quality Assessment of Groundwater of Exploited Aquifers in Beijiao Water Source of Yinchuan, China: A Case Study for Drinking, Irrigation, and Industrial Purposes

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Wu ◽  
Jie Chen ◽  
Hui Qian ◽  
Xuedi Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Quality Assessment ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Coupled Model ◽  
Simple Algorithm ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Confined Water ◽  
Phreatic Water

This work is aimed at reviewing the chemical characteristics and evaluation of the quality of exploited groundwater in Beijiao water source of Yinchuan. A coupled model based on osculating value method (OVM) and entropy is proposed to determine the suitability for drinking. Besides, phreatic water and confined water are evaluated for irrigation purposes and industrial purposes, respectively. Piper diagram shows different hydrochemical characteristics between aquifers, which can be explained by the control mechanisms revealed by Gibbs diagram. Chloroalkaline indices and ions relationship indicate that reverse ion exchanges occur in different aquifers. Based on the osculating values, 96% of the phreatic water samples are fit for human consumption, and the confined water can provide quality drinking water. Most of the phreatic water samples have no sodium hazard but have magnesium hazard. All the confined water samples generate mild foaming reaction, and 93% of them are mildly corrosive for boilers. An assessment by OVM without entropy is calculated. Similar results to the coupled model demonstrate that pure OVM is also objective and valid. The simple algorithm turns multicriteria decision-making problems into an integrated index which is just as useful to water quality assessment.

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