Social capital, political participation, and trust in the police in urban China

2012 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Sun ◽  
Rong Hu ◽  
Yuning Wu
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Political Participation ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Critical Issue ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Urban China ◽  
Political Activity ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Impact

Trust in the police has emerged as a critical issue in China where the police have experienced a crisis of legitimacy. Only a small number of studies, however, have empirically assessed Chinese citizens’ trust in the police. Moreover, the effects of citizens’ participation in social and political activity on evaluations of the police have rarely been investigated. Using survey data collected from over 3,500 Chinese citizens in eight cities, this study examines the impact of social capital and political participation on trust in the police, controlling for demographic characteristics, sense of safety, and locality. Trust in the leaders of neighborhood committees increased the likelihood of trust in the police. A sense of safety also raised the odds of trust in the police. Citizens’ trust in the police is also predicted by trust in neighbors, participation in political activity, and gender. Trust in the police varies across cities and is explained by some common and distinctive variables.

scholarly journals Examining and investigating the impact of demographic characteristics and chronic diseases on mortality of COVID-19: Retrospective study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. e0257131
Author(s):  
Abbas Al Mutair ◽  
Alya Al Mutairi ◽  
Saad Alhumaid ◽  
Syed Maaz Abdullah ◽  
Abdul Rehman Zia Zaidi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Impact

Background Epidemiological features characterization of COVID-19 is highly important for developing and implementing effective control measures. In Saudi Arabia mortality rate varies between 0.6% to 1.26%. The purpose of the study was to investigate whether demographic characteristics (age and gender) and non-communicable diseases (Hypertension and Diabetes mellitus) have a significant association with mortality in COVID-19 patients. Methods Prior to data collection, an expedite approval was obtained from Institutional Review Board (IRB Log No: RC. RC20.09.10) in Al Habib Research Center at Dr. Sulaiman Al-Habib Medical Group, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. This is a retrospective design where we used descriptive and inferential analysis to analyse the data. Binary logistic regression was done to study the association between comorbidities and mortality of COVID-19. Results 43 (86%) of the male patients were non-survivors while 7 (14%) of the female patients were survivors. The odds of non-survivors among hypertensive patients are 3.56 times higher than those who are not having a history of Hypertension (HTN). The odds of non-survivors among diabetic patients are 5.17 times higher than those who are not having a history of Diabetes mellitus (DM). The odds of non-survivors are 2.77 times higher among those who have a history of HTN and DM as compared to those who did not have a history of HTN and DM. Conclusions Those patients that had a history of Hypertension and Diabetes had a higher probability of non-survival in contrast to those who did not have a history of Diabetes and hypertension. Further studies are required to study the association of comorbidities with COVID-19 and mortality.

scholarly journals Getting a Barista Job: Adjudicating the Impact of Human Capital, Social Capital, Age and Gender

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 139-152
Author(s):  
Ed Collom
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Social Capital ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Educational Attainment ◽  
High Status ◽  
Capital Social ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Entry Level ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Impact

This study concerns the role of human capital, social capital, age, and gender in acquiring a job as an entry-level barista. Employment records were coded and analyzed in order to identify the key factors differentiating this applicant pool. The results from multivariate models produce fewer positive associations between human capital and social capital indicators than the literature suggests. Those with greater educational attainment are more likely to have high-status references on their applications. As seen in previous literature, the social capital of applicants is not very relevant in acquiring this entry-level job. Overall, educational attainment was most salient in increasing the odds of being interviewed and hired. The managers responsible for these decisions appear to favor formal higher education over work experience or references. The findings are discussed vis-à-vis women’s gains in higher education, the growth of the service sector, and the aging of the U.S. population.

The Impact of Social Capital on Volunteering and Giving: Evidence From Urban China

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 1201-1222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhongsheng Wu ◽  
Rong Zhao ◽  
Xiulan Zhang ◽  
Fengqin Liu
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Urban China ◽  
Institutional Trust ◽  
Complex Relationship ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Tobit Regression ◽  
Heckman Selection Model ◽  
Data Set ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Heckman Selection

The impact of social capital on philanthropy has been studied extensively, but existing research fails to measure social capital consistently and completely. Using a representative data set from the 2013 Survey on Philanthropic Behaviors of Urban Citizens in China, this study first expanded existing social capital measurements to be more comprehensive, consisting of civic networks, norms of reciprocity, institutional trust, acquaintance trust, and stranger trust. Tobit regression and Heckman selection model were then used to explore the impact of social capital on philanthropy in China. Regression analyses indicate that civic network, norms of reciprocity, institutional trust, and stranger trust are positively associated with both volunteering and giving in the Chinese context. In addition, acquaintance trust is negatively correlated with giving, but has no significant association with volunteering. These findings provide insights to better understanding the complex relationship between social capital and philanthropy, especially in non-Western contexts.

scholarly journals ‘Digital Citizens’: Political Participation of Russian Youth Online

2021 ◽  
pp. 143-155
Author(s):  
Roman Pyrma
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Political Participation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Political Activity ◽  
Political Aspect ◽  
The Status ◽  
Combination Of Methods ◽  
The Impact

The study contributes to defining the impact of digital communication on civic and political participation, explaining how social media mediate public activism. Based on the concept of the ‘digital citizenship’ the paper reveals the political aspect of the public activism of Russian youth online. The empirical model is based on a combination of methods and procedures of applied research in order to reveal the details of civil and political participation, and protest activism of youth online. The research model includes analysis of social media and a large-scale online survey of the younger audience. Based on the analysis of social media information flows, the paper states the prevalence of the youth’s civic participation over political participation, as well as the fact that the dynamics of social activity depend on the events and the current agenda. The authors describe the level of civic and political activity of youth online based on sociological data. They also divide the audience of the protest theatre according to the following models: leaders, activists, followers, and spectators. In general, the study reveals the status and details of the younger generation’s communication activity online, where communities establish and implications of linking actions appear.

Analisis Polisi Luput Pelan Takaful Keluarga

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-95
Author(s):  
Rubayah Yaakob ◽  
Mohd Hafizuddin Syah Baangan Abdullah ◽  
Norasykeen Mohd Baharom
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Selection ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Financial Pressure ◽  
The Family ◽  
Insured Individual ◽  
Huge Impact ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Impact

This study aims to analyze the determinants of policy lapse of family’s takaful in Malaysia by examining the demographic characteristics of policyholders and the family takaful policy itself. The policy could lapse due to several reasons such as failing to make payment within the prescribed period, converting to a better policy, financial pressure and voluntary surrender. The policy lapse has a huge impact on stakeholders such as takaful operators, customers and policy makers. The impact of policy lapse includes losses to firms, adverse selection, liquidity and contribution increament. The results of the logistic regression analysis show that the sum insured, payment methods and gender have a negative impact on policy lapse. Wheares age, marital status and the insured individual have no effect on policy lapse. The findings assist stakeholders such as takaful operators and regulators to develop appropriate strategies to achieve their goals and support the development of the takaful industry in Malaysia.

Participation's Not a Paradox: The View from American Activists

1995 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kay Lehman Schlozman ◽  
Sidney Verba ◽  
Henry E. Brady
Keyword(s):  
Collective Action ◽  
Political Participation ◽  
Political Science ◽  
Rational Choice ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Political Activity ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Collective Goals

Political participation has long been a puzzle for political science analysis. The logic of collective action suggests that activity to achieve collective goals is irrational; yet citizens are active. In this article, we approach the subject from the point of view of political activists, using survey data to consider their own interpretations of why they took part. The data show that participants recall many gratifications from their activity and that the patterns differ substantially across modes of participation. These rewards tend to be ‘political’ in that activists cite both civic gratifications and the desire to achieve collective goals more frequently than would be expected on the basis of rational choice approaches. The variations among acts with respect to the nature of the retrospective interpretations of the rewards they provide – in conjunction with open-ended responses about the issues behind activity – lend credence to respondents' accounts. The results call into question the applicability of narrow rational choice approaches to political activity.

The Quality of Social Capital and Political Participation in South Korea

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 483-505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aie-Rie Lee
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Political Participation ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Political Activity ◽  
Voluntary Activity ◽  
Political Consequences ◽  
Group Members

Previous research claims that associational membership produces social capital. Employing the first wave of the Asian Barometer Survey conducted in 2003, this study investigates the development of social capital and its political consequences in South Korea. Rather than study simple association membership, I examine thequalityof civil society (defined as associational commitment and interaction) that individuals pursue through membership. This, I believe, provides a close test of the theoretical impact of social interactions on political participation. The findings indicate that there is a positive association between voluntary activity and two modes of political activity (voting and campaign participation) in different ways and to varying degrees. Associational membership is a significant predictor of voting. In the case of the quality of social capital, associational interaction (talking politics with group members) turns out to be significant in encouraging participation in election campaigns. Overall, my findings on the role of social capital support Putnam's argument that group interactions foster democratic participation.

scholarly journals Examining and Investigating the Impact of Demographic Characteristics and Chronic Disease with Mortality of COVID-19: Retrospective Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abbas Al Mutair ◽  
Alya Al Mutairi ◽  
Saad Alhumaid ◽  
Syed Maaz Abdullah ◽  
Abdul Rehman Zia Zaidi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Retrospective Design ◽  
History Of ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Inferential Analysis ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has burdened hospitals globally and there is currently no proven treatment available. The purpose of the study was to investigate whether demographic characteristics (age and gender) and non-communicable diseases (hypertension and diabetes mellitus) have a significant association with mortality in COVID-19 patients. Methods: This is a retrospective design where we used descriptive and inferential analysis have been employed to analyze the data. Binary logistic regression was done to study the connection between comorbidities and mortality of COVID-19. Results: 43 (86%) of the male patients were non-survivors while 7 (14%) of the female patients were survivors. The odds of non-survivors among hypertensive patients are 3.56 times higher than those who are not having a history of hypertension (HTN). The odds of non-survivors among diabetic patients are 5.17 times higher than those who are not having a history of diabetes (DM). The odds of non-survivors are 2.77 times higher among those who have a history of HTN and DM as compared to those who did not have a history of HTN and DM.Conclusions: Those patients that had a history of hypertension and diabetes had a higher probability of non-survival in contrast to those who did not have a history of diabetes and hypertension. Further studies are required to study the association of comorbidities with COVID-19 and mortality.

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