scholarly journals Fear without Prejudice in the Shadow of Jihadist Threat

2020 ◽  
pp. 001041402095768
Author(s):  
Marco Giani
Keyword(s):  
Local Level ◽  
The Public ◽  
Ethnic Prejudice ◽  
Terror Attacks ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Country Analysis ◽  
Causal Impact ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
Terrorist Events

Because the prejudice of the ingroup builds into fear of the outgroup, jihadist terrorism is expected to strengthen the politicized link between security and immigration. I use a causal inference in a clustered cross-country analysis to test the simultaneous short-run causal impact of the jihadist threat on security fear and ethnic prejudice of the public in Israel, the Netherlands, Russia, Sweden, France, and Germany. In line with common wisdom, jihadist attacks significantly increase security fear. Against it, jihadist attacks non-significantly decrease ethnic prejudice. This empirical pattern holds in across different types of immigration attitudes, ethnic groups, intervals of time and terrorist events, and is robust to placebo treatments, placebo policy preferences, fake and failed terror attacks. These findings challenge extant consensus, and suggest that jihadist attacks, particularly at the local level, induce risk-aversion rather than desire for retaliation.

scholarly journals Three Different Ways to Skin a Cat: Financialization in the Emergence of National e-ID Solutions

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben Eaton ◽  
Jonas Hedman ◽  
Rony Medaglia
Keyword(s):  
Policy Making ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Action Theory ◽  
The Public ◽  
Country Analysis ◽  
On Line ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
Societal Dimensions ◽  
Over Time

The growing phenomenon of financialization influences an array of societal dimensions that go beyond the economic realm, to include public policy-making and information technology (IT). This study presents a cross-country analysis of the emergence of national electronic identification (e-ID) solutions as the result of interaction between the financial and the public sector in Denmark, Norway, and Sweden. Drawing on on-line sources, documents, and interviews with key actors in the three cases, we adopt a cross-disciplinary perspective by applying the lens of collective action theory to identify the role of interests, resources, and governance in the emergence of national e-ID solutions. Findings show that different governance solutions can emerge as the result of the convergence of interests and of interdependency of resources between the actors over time. We contribute to research on financialization and IT by proposing a dialectic process model and identifying five mechanisms that drive the process forward.

Worldwide Good Practices in Managing the Orientation of Technical Education Towards Sustainable Development

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 259-268
Author(s):  
Cătălina Costache ◽  
Dănuţ Dumitru Dumitrascu
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Extracurricular Activities ◽  
Informal Education ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Vocational Education And Training ◽  
Multiple Stakeholders ◽  
Good Practices ◽  
The Public ◽  
Different Types ◽  
And Training

AbstractOur study aims to provide a global picture of good sustainable practices and initiatives in the field of Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET). In order to outline the major positive practices worldwide, a document analysis was performed on international relevant documents (reports, academic studies, guides, rules and regulations, work papers). This method was complemented by discussions with local representatives of school administration, who provided specific evidence on curricular and extracurricular activities conducted locally. Our findings confirm that various sustainable initiatives in TVET took place at an international level, mostly involving multiple stakeholders in the public sector, private sector and civil society. However, it is difficult to assess the effectiveness of these initiatives due to the unequal cooperation of several countries in responding to the UNESCO questionnaires, and to the targets they address. Many of the initiatives outlined in our study appear to have a strong cultural and ethnical dimension. The organization of such examples of good practices according to the different types of learning systems (formal, non-formal and informal education) provides a large framework for different Education actors at international, national and local level, allowing them to inspire when making policies decisions to integrate Sustainable Development in Technical educational courses.

scholarly journals Measuring the far-right in Europe: comparative analysis of the xenophobic and anti-immigrant sentiment in Germany, Poland and Russia

2021 ◽  
pp. 29-42
Author(s):  
Andrey A. Kinyakin ◽  
Dmitry A. Kotov ◽  
Sergey A. Stepanov
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Public Support ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Real Problem ◽  
Far Right ◽  
Research Project ◽  
The Public ◽  
Political Traditions ◽  
Country Analysis ◽  
Cross Country

The rising significance of the far-right as political actors is one of the most noticeable political trends in Europe within the recent decades. It causes constant research activity aimed at the analysis of nature of public support of right-wing forces. However, the researchers, dealing with the issues of assessing the public support of the far-right in different European countries frequently have confront the problem of lack of relevant measurement tools, as well as efficient methodology for valid cross-country analysis. This stems not only from different “political background” and “political environment”, connected with political traditions and political practices, but also from the nature of public support of the far-right, having not only “overt”, but also “covert” component. Whereas “overt” component is on the surface and is good measurable (mainly by conventional tools such as polling), the “covert” one, encompassing the in-depth social sentiments, is hardly measurable. This pose real problem for assessing the genuine amount of public support far-right forces taking into account the fact, that “covert” component is to be crucial in achieving that goal. In October 2020 to tackle this problem by the international group of researchers there was initiated the research project, aiming at development of the specific research methodology on the combination of traditional and “digital” research methods such as comparative analysis, expert interviews and “social media listening” (SML) for analysing the xenophobic and anti-immigrant sentiments in three European societies – in Germany, Poland and Russia as a “covert” component. The accomplishment of the research project is expected to provide not only the insights into specifics of the public support of the far-right in different European countries by assessing the “covert” component, but also help to assess its genuine (gross) scale as well as to single out the factors influencing the public support of the far-right by putting emphasis on the ongoing political and social processes. The research project is expected to deliver the information for elaboration of the gauges (indicators) for valid cross-country analysis of the far-right politics in different countries allowing to overcome some research “weak points” – ranging from huge differences in political traditions to scarcity of relevant data. The aim of this article is to present and discuss the elaborated methodological approach.

Trust in the Police: Cross-country Comparisons

2012 ◽  
pp. 24-47
Author(s):  
V. Gimpelson ◽  
G. Monusova
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
Public Attitudes ◽  
Crime Rates ◽  
Authoritarian Regimes ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
The Public ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
Police Activity

Using different cross-country data sets and simple econometric techniques we study public attitudes towards the police. More positive attitudes are more likely to emerge in the countries that have better functioning democratic institutions, less prone to corruption but enjoy more transparent and accountable police activity. This has a stronger impact on the public opinion (trust and attitudes) than objective crime rates or density of policemen. Citizens tend to trust more in those (policemen) with whom they share common values and can have some control over. The latter is a function of democracy. In authoritarian countries — “police states” — this tendency may not work directly. When we move from semi-authoritarian countries to openly authoritarian ones the trust in the police measured by surveys can also rise. As a result, the trust appears to be U-shaped along the quality of government axis. This phenomenon can be explained with two simple facts. First, publicly spread information concerning police activity in authoritarian countries is strongly controlled; second, the police itself is better controlled by authoritarian regimes which are afraid of dangerous (for them) erosion of this institution.

Trends and forecasts of the global availability of food

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 1297-1316
Author(s):  
O.N. Terent'eva
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
National Economic ◽  
Production Growth ◽  
Country Analysis ◽  
Cross Country

Subject. The stable supply of food to people is a cornerstone for the national economic security, while a lack of food or its expensiveness may undermine the economy, principles of power, and cause panics and wars. Malnutrition and hunger are critical indicators of the insufficient foods supply. Objectives. The article indicates which countries have high risk of hunger, and predicts its further movement. I also evaluate factual trends in the availability of food across countries. Methods. The study refers to statistical data in public domain, including the FAOSTAT. I apply methods of ranking, abstraction, prediction. Results. I performed the cross-country analysis and discovered that 117 countries demonstrated signs of malnutrition. The article sets forth a technique for splitting countries into five groups by level of hunger risk. The article compares data on hunger in the countries and consequences of mortality and morbidity. I ranked countries by key types of agricultural products and explained their production growth rates for a span of 18 years. I predicted how countries would be ranked in terms of hunger from 2030 to 2050, and found the extent to which the hunger risk will escalate in more flourishing countries. Conclusions and Relevance. Hunger and shortage of food seem invincible in the countries where people are hungry or very hungry. Sometimes it appears almost impossible for respective governments to solve the issue. Triggering the systemic hunger, such factors and premises are beyond control of starving countries. Hence, the international community should provide their support and aid to them.

Lecturas posibles sobre la construcción del actor económico

2017 ◽  
pp. 163
Author(s):  
Nicolás Gómez Núñez
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Endogenous Development ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
The Public ◽  
Basic Ideas

En tres breves capítulos, el artículo pone a disposición las ideas básicas que cruzan la reflexión sobre las actividades económicas que las personas realizan en condiciones de pobreza, destacándose la preocupación sobre si estos desempeños pueden constituirse en alternativas de crecimiento económico a nivel local o si ellas son actores que inciden en las políticas públicas que organizan los supuestos del desarrollo.Palabras clave Actividades Económicas Autogestionadas / Autonomía / Capacitación / Desarrollo Endógeno.Abstract:In three brief chapters, the article displays the basic ideas that intersect the reflection on the economic activities that people perform in conditions of poverty, standing out the concern whether these performances can constitute in alternatives of economic growth at the local level or whether they are activities that affect the public policies which organize the theories of development.Key words Self-managed economic activities / Autonomy / Training / Endogenous Development

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