Religious and Sexual Identities: An Intersectional, Longitudinal Examination of Change in Therapy

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 387-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Tyler Lefevor ◽  
Rebecca A. Janis ◽  
So Yeon Park
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Hierarchical Linear Modeling ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Linear Modeling ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Sexual Identities ◽  
Rates Of Change ◽  
Lower Baseline ◽  
Longitudinal Examination

The current study employs an intersectional framework to understand how well counselors are meeting the needs of lesbian, gay, bisexual, queer, questioning (LGBQQ) and religious clients by examining clients’ initial anxiety and depression levels and changes in these symptoms through psychotherapy. Data from 12,825 participants from the Center for Collegiate Mental Health 2012–2014 data set were analyzed. Results from hierarchical linear modeling indicate lower baseline anxiety and depression among religious clients and faster rates of change of anxiety symptoms among nonreligious clients. LGBQQ clients presented with higher initial anxiety and depression, but there were no differences in rates of change of anxiety and depression between heterosexual and LGBQQ clients. Significant but minimal interaction effects between religious and sexual identities were found, indicating a need for further research. Counselors are encouraged to be mindful of these disparities in therapy.

Public Service-Function Types and Interlocal Agreement Network Structure: A Longitudinal Study of Iowa

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 1293-1315
Author(s):  
Victor G. Hugg
Keyword(s):  
Hierarchical Linear Modeling ◽  
Network Structure ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Urban Governance ◽  
Network Governance ◽  
Collaboration Network ◽  
Linear Modeling ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Function Type ◽  
Service Function

Interlocal service delivery networks have become a prominent subject within the urban governance literature, with significant scholarly attention being focused on the political, legal, and demographic characteristics that influence an organization’s decision to join a collaboration network. However, despite being a theoretically significant factor, few analyses have examined the role that service-function type plays in shaping these networks. This research note replicates and extends previous tests of the hypothesized relationship between service-function type and network structure by relying on a comprehensive 25-year data set of interlocal agreements from the state of Iowa. Using hierarchical linear modeling, the positive relationship between networks of system maintenance service-functions and network centralization is confirmed after controlling for the significant moderating effect of time. This more-generalized finding enhances our understanding of when local governments use service networks to solve public problems and potentially carries important implications for the relationship between network governance and policy performance.

scholarly journals Supervisor Variance in Psychotherapy Outcome in Routine Practice: A Replication

SAGE Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 215824401989904
Author(s):  
Jason Whipple ◽  
Tyler Hoyt ◽  
Tony Rousmaniere ◽  
Joshua Swift ◽  
Tyler Pedersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Supervision ◽  
Hierarchical Linear Modeling ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Routine Practice ◽  
Linear Modeling ◽  
University Counseling Center ◽  
Client Outcome ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Average Improvement ◽  
Variance Estimates

This study is a replication of Rousmaniere et al., in which no differences in client outcome between supervisors were found and few differences in client outcome due to either degree level or experience as a supervisor were found. Hierarchical linear modeling was used to determine variance estimates in client outcome accounted for by supervisors. The longitudinal archival data set consisted of 3,030 clients, 80 therapists, and 39 supervisors at a University Counseling Center in the Rocky Mountains. Therapists practiced psychodynamic, strategic, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), solution-focused, and family systems approaches. Average improvement of clients was 7.91 points across supervisors using the Outcome Questionnaire-45.2 (OQ-45.2). Consistent with Rousmaniere et al., the amount of variance in client outcome attributable to clinical supervision was less than 1%. Implications indicate supervision may be enhanced by increased focus on aiding professional development of supervisees and emphasized future clarification surrounding the role of improvement of client welfare by supervisors.

General Slowing in Language Impairment

2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 446-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Windsor ◽  
Rochelle L. Milbrath ◽  
Edward J. Carney ◽  
Susan E. Rakowski
Keyword(s):  
Word Recognition ◽  
Hierarchical Linear Modeling ◽  
Language Impairment ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Random Coefficients ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Linear Modeling ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
General Slowing

Although the general slowing hypothesis of language impairment (LI) is well established, the conventional method to test the hypothesis is controversial. This paper compares the usual method, ordinary least squares regression (OLS), with another method, hierarchical linear modeling with random coefficients (HLM). The analyses used available response time (RT) data from studies of perceptual-motor, cognitive, and language skills of LI and chronological-age-matched (CA) groups. The data set included RT measures from 25 studies investigating 20 different tasks (e.g., auditory detection, mental rotation, and word recognition tasks). OLS and HLM analyses of the RT data yielded very different results. OLS supported general slowing for the LI groups, and indicated that they were significantly slower than CA groups across studies by an overall estimate of 10%. HLM indicated a larger average extent of LI slowing (18%). However, the variability around this average was much greater than that yielded by OLS, and the extent of slowing was not statistically significant. Importantly, HLM showed a significant difference in the RT relation between LI and CA groups across studies, indicating that study-specific slowing, rather than general slowing across studies, was present. A separate HLM analysis of two types of language tasks, picture naming and word recognition, was performed. Although the extent of slowing was equivalent across these tasks, the slowing was minimal (2%) and not significant. Methodological limitations of each analysis to assess general slowing are highlighted.

The Relation Between the Academic Achievement of Students With Emotional and Behavioral Disorders and Teacher Characteristics

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 213-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas A. Gage ◽  
Reesha Adamson ◽  
Ashley S. MacSuga-Gage ◽  
Timothy J. Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Students With Disabilities ◽  
Behavioral Disorders ◽  
Hierarchical Linear Modeling ◽  
Teacher Characteristics ◽  
Years Of Experience ◽  
Linear Modeling ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Students With Ebd

Teachers of students with emotional and/or behavioral disorders (EBD) are less experienced and more likely to have emergency certification than teachers of students with other disabilities. Yet, to date, research has not examined the relation between the academic achievement of students with EBD and characteristics associated with highly qualified teachers (teachers’ education level, certification status, and years of experience). Using a nationally representative longitudinal data set of students with disabilities, this study examined the relation between teacher characteristics and the academic achievement of students with EBD. Using hierarchical linear modeling, the study found low academic achievement for students with EBD, null effects for change in achievement across time, and null effects for the relation between (a) teachers’ educational level, certification status, and years of experience and (b) student academic achievement. Results indicate further research is needed to examine whether and how teacher characteristics may impact the academic achievement of students with EBD.

scholarly journals Risk perception, mental health impacts and coping strategies during COVID-19 pandemic among Filipino healthcare workers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roy Rillera Marzo ◽  
Emilio Quilatan Villanueva III ◽  
Udita Chandra ◽  
Mila Nu Nu Htay ◽  
Rajeev Shrestha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Perception ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Status Occupation

Background: COVID-19 pandemic has caused an extraordinary situation, especially for the healthcare workers (HCWs), leading to increased psychological stress. The aim of the study was to estimate the prevalence of different grades of anxiety and depression across different centers in the Philippines and identify demographic factors associated with them. Design and Method: A cross-sectional, web-based, multi-center study was conducted among HCWs of Philippines from April 20- May 20, 2020. The study instruments used were the Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) scale and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Risk perception scores were analyzed using Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis test. Logistic regression was done to identify factors significantly associated with symptoms of anxiety and depression determined. Results: A total of 516 HCWs were included in the study. Most of them have anxiety symptoms (70.74%), but only half of them have symptoms of depression (50.97%). In addition, gender, age, marital status, living status, occupation, work premises, and availability of mental health services were significantly associated with the participants’ anxiety symptoms; In contrast, gender, marital status, occupation, and work premises were significantly associated with depression symptoms. Conclusion: This study reiterates the fact and demonstrates that COVID-19 has disrupted the mental well-being of HCWs in the Philippines. Majority of HCW was psychologically affected by COVID-19. Therefore, there is a dire need to address mental illness amongst HCWs and frame guidelines based on proven algorithms to overcome these mental illnesses.

StayWell at Home: A Text Messaging Intervention to Counteract Depression and Anxiety during COVID-19 Social Distancing (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Aguilera ◽  
Rosa Hernandez-Ramos ◽  
Alein Yaritza Haro ◽  
Claire Elizabeth Boone ◽  
Tiffany Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Text Messaging ◽  
The United States ◽  
Text Messages ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
At Home

BACKGROUND Social distancing and stay-at-home orders are critical interventions to slow down person-to-person transmission of COVID-19. While these societal changes help to contain the pandemic, they also have unintended negative consequences, including anxiety and depression. We developed StayWell, a daily skills-based SMS text messaging program, to mitigate COVID-19 related depression and anxiety symptoms among people who speak English and Spanish in the United States. OBJECTIVE This paper describes the changes in the anxiety and depression levels of participants in the StayWell program after 60 days of exposure to skills-based SMS text messages. METHODS We used self-administered, empirically supported web-based questionnaires to assess the demographic and clinical characteristics of StayWell participants. Anxiety and depression were measured using the 2-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-2) scale and the 8-item Patient Health Quesstionanire-8 (PHQ-8) scale at baseline and 60-day timepoints. We used paired t-tests to detect the change in PHQ-8 and GAD-2 scores from baseline to follow-up measured 60 days later. RESULTS The analytic sample includes 193 participants who completed both the baseline and 60-day exit questionnaires. At the 60-day time point, there were statistically significant reductions in both PHQ-8 and GAD-2 scores from baseline. We found an average reduction of -1.72 (95% CI: -2.35, -1.09) in PHQ-8 scores and -0.48 (95% CI: -0.71, -0.25) in GAD-2 scores. This translated to an 18.5% and 17.2% reduction in mean PHQ-8 scores and GAD-2, respectively. CONCLUSIONS StayWell is a low-intensity, cost-effective, and accessible population-level mental health intervention. Participation in StayWell focused on COVID-19 mental health coping skills and was related to improved depression and anxiety symptoms. In addition to improvements in outcomes, we found high levels of engagement during the 60-day intervention period. Text messaging interventions could serve as an important public health tool for disseminating strategies to manage mental health. CLINICALTRIAL ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04473599 INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT RR2-10.2196/23592

The Effects Of Teacher- And School-Level Factors On Teachers Participation In Professional Development Activities: The Role Of Principal Leadership

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 371-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sedat Gumus
Keyword(s):  
Professional Development ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Hierarchical Linear Modeling ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
School Principals ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
School Level ◽  
Linear Modeling ◽  
Data Set

It is well reported in the literature that professional development activities have great potential to increase teachers competencies in different areas, resulting in greater learning opportunities for students. In Turkey, however, teachers participation in professional development activities is significantly lower compared to almost all developed countries. In this context, this study aims to explore the different teacher- and school-level factors associated with teachers participation in professional development activities in Turkey by using a nationally representative data set from the Teaching and Learning International Survey (TALIS) and employing a multi-level statistical analysis with Hierarchical Linear Modeling (HLM). Results of the study show that several teacher- and school-level factors are significantly associated with teachers level of participation in professional development activities in Turkey. Specifically, the significant role of school principals in teachers professional development is explored. It is therefore suggested that school principals should be educated on the importance of in-service professional development activities for teachers and their significant role in this matter.

How children's anxiety symptoms impact the functioning of the hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal axis over time: A cross-lagged panel approach using hierarchical linear modeling

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 309-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denise Ma ◽  
Lisa A. Serbin ◽  
Dale M. Stack
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Hierarchical Linear Modeling ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Linear Modeling ◽  
Adrenal Axis ◽  
Hypothalamus Pituitary Adrenal Axis ◽  
Pituitary Adrenal Axis ◽  
Over Time

AbstractAnxiety symptoms in childhood and adolescence can have a long-term negative impact on mental and physical health. Although studies have shown dysregulation of the hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal axis is associated with anxiety disorders, it is unclear how and in what direction children's experiences of anxiety symptoms, which include physiological and cognitive–emotional dimensions, impact the functioning of the hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal axis over time. We hypothesized that higher physiological symptoms would be contemporaneously associated with hypercortisolism, whereas cognitive–emotional symptoms would be more chronic, reflecting traitlike stability, and would predict hypocortisolism over time. One hundred twenty children from the Concordia Longitudinal Risk Research Project were followed in successive data collection waves approximately 3 years apart from childhood through midadolescence. Between ages 10–12 and 13–15, children completed self-report questionnaires of anxiety symptoms and provided salivary cortisol samples at 2-hr intervals over 2 consecutive days. The results from hierarchical linear modeling showed that higher physiological symptoms were concurrently associated with hypercortisolism, involving cortisol levels that remained elevated over the day. In contrast, longitudinal results over the 3 years between data collection waves showed that chronic worry and social concerns predicted hypocortisolism, showing a low and blunted diurnal cortisol profile. These results have implications for broadening our understanding of the links between anxiety, the stress response system, and health across the course of development.

Extending service brands into products versus services

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 200-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Sichtmann ◽  
Klaus Schoefer ◽  
Markus Blut ◽  
Charles Jurgen Kemp
Keyword(s):  
Hierarchical Linear Modeling ◽  
Brand Management ◽  
Multilevel Regression ◽  
Linear Modeling ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Parent Brand ◽  
Service Brand ◽  
Consistent Extension ◽  
Extension Category

Purpose This paper aims to provide an empirical investigation into extension category effects on service brand extensions, both to other services (service–service extensions) and to products (service–product extensions), and the extension category’s influence on brand/consumer-level success drivers, as well as the perceived quality of the extension. Design/methodology/approach This study included an empirical testing of a conceptual framework using a hierarchical linear modeling approach and testing of hypotheses with a multilevel regression analysis. The data set consisted of 216 respondents reporting on both product and service extensions. Data were collected on three levels, namely, consumer level, parent brand level and extension level. Findings The findings indicate a general and consistent extension category-dependent effect that moderates the importance of brand extension success drivers. The influence of parent brand reliance and perceived parent brand quality were found to have stronger effects, whereas parent brand conviction was weaker in the context of service-to-service extensions. Research limitations/implications The study focuses on two brands with four extensions. Further research could replicate the study with a broader range of brands and extensions. Practical implications The study provides guidance to service managers to enhance consumers’ extension evaluations through better-positioned communication efforts when extending to different categories. Originality/value The study is one of the first empirical investigations into category-extension effects and its moderating role regarding brand and consumer level success drivers. Sparse research has been dedicated to a real-world occurrence of services extending between extension categories; this study thus furthers service brand research in terms of brand management decisions.

scholarly journals Staff SARS-CoV-2 Seroprevalence and Mental Health as Key Factors in University Response to COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
David G. Lopes ◽  
Ana Rita Henriques ◽  
Margarida Santos-Dias ◽  
Catarina Nunes-da-Silva ◽  
Juliana Gonçalves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Medical School ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Academic Community ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Blood Collection ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Blood Draw ◽  
Negatively Associated

Background: In response to rapid global spread of the newly emerged coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), universities transitioned to online learning and telework to decrease risks of inter-person contact. To help administrators respond to the COVID-19 pandemic and better understand its impacts, we surveyed SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence among NOVA University employees and assessed community mental health.Methods: Data were collected from voluntary participants at six NOVA University locations, in the Lisbon metropolitan area, from June 15–30, 2020. All subjects provided written informed consent. Of 1,627 recruited participants (mean age 42.0 ± 12.3 years), 1,624 were tested. Prior to blood collection, participants completed a questionnaire that assessed: COVID-19 symptoms during the previous 14 days, chronic non-communicable diseases, chronic medication, anxiety, and depression symptoms. SARS-CoV-2 serology tests were then performed, and results communicated approximately 4 days after blood draw. Participants with positive serology tests were contacted to assess COVID-19 symptoms since February.Results: Estimated prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies was 3.1% (n = 50), of which 43.5% reported symptoms in the previous 4 months. The Medical School had the highest seroprevalence (6.2%). Participants reported having at least one chronic disease (63.7%), depression-like symptoms (2.1%), and anxiety symptoms (8.1%). Rates of depression and anxiety symptoms were significantly higher in women, with sleep hours and occasional alcohol consumption negatively associated with depression. Male gender, older age, and sleep hours negatively associated with anxiety symptoms. School of employment and presence of comorbidities positively associated with anxiety.Conclusion: By measuring seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among NOVA employees and assessing subjects' mental health, we aim to help administrators at European public universities in urban areas, such as Lisbon, Portugal, better understand the needs of their communities. This study resulted in implementation of a stricter contingency plan in the Medical School, while other schools continued to follow Government mitigation guidelines. These findings may also guide the development of tailored strategies to ensure physical and mental health of the academic community during this pandemic crisis. We conclude that, together with COVID-19 contingency plans, psychological support services and facilities to help people effectively face pandemic-associated challenges and minimise anxiety and depression should be implemented.

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