scholarly journals Evaluating the Effect of Project Longevity on Group-Involved Shootings and Homicides in New Haven, Connecticut

2016 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 446-467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Sierra-Arevalo ◽  
Yanick Charette ◽  
Andrew V. Papachristos
Keyword(s):  
Social Services ◽  
Moving Average ◽  
Gun Violence ◽  
New Haven ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Violence Reduction ◽  
Focused Deterrence ◽  
Moving Average Models ◽  
Offending Patterns ◽  
Group Member

Beginning in November 2012, New Haven, Connecticut, served as the pilot site for Project Longevity, a statewide focused deterrence gun violence reduction strategy. The intervention brings law enforcement, social services, and community members together to meet with members of violent street groups at program call-ins. Using autoregressive integrated moving average models and controlling for the possibility of a non-New Haven–specific decline in gun violence, a decrease in group offending patterns, and the limitations of police-defined group member involved (GMI) categorization of shootings and homicides, the results of our analysis show that Longevity is associated with a reduction of almost five GMI incidents per month. These findings bolster research confirming the efficacy of focused deterrence approaches to reducing gun violence.

Collaborating to Reduce Violence: The Impact of Focused Deterrence in Kansas City

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 283-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew M. Fox ◽  
Kenneth J. Novak
Keyword(s):  
Social Services ◽  
Kansas City ◽  
First Year ◽  
Violence Reduction ◽  
Aggravated Assault ◽  
The Third ◽  
Focused Deterrence ◽  
Robust Implementation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Group Member

This research examines the impact of focused deterrence on homicide and gun violence in Kansas City, MO. In 2014, a coalition of police, prosecutors, city officials, researchers, and others implemented Kansas City No Violence Alliance, a focused deterrence violence reduction strategy. Using street-level intelligence and analysis, groups involved with violence were identified and notified of the consequences for future violent incidents. Leveraging existing social services, members opting for nonviolence were offered assistance. This study evaluates the impact on violence over 3 years of implementation. Using 2009–2016 police incident data on homicide (including group member involved homicide) and gun-involved aggravated assault, time series models were estimated to determine the effects of focused deterrence during 2014–2016. Analysis indicated that focused deterrence implementation resulted in an immediate reduction in homicides and gun-involved aggravated assaults. This effect began to diminish around the 12-month postintervention point. During the third year, overall and group member involved homicide numbers returned to preimplementation levels, and gun-involved aggravated assaults exceeded those levels. After achieving significant first-year reductions, despite robust implementation and fidelity, violence returned to preimplementation levels by the third year. Limitations to the focused deterrence model and the need for continuous evaluation and innovation are discussed.

scholarly journals Urban safety, community healing & gun violence reduction: the advance peace model

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason Corburn ◽  
Devone Boggan ◽  
Khaalid Muttaqi
Keyword(s):  
Social Services ◽  
Urban Policy ◽  
Gun Violence ◽  
Structural Racism ◽  
Formerly Incarcerated ◽  
Violence Reduction ◽  
Focused Deterrence ◽  
The World ◽  
Reduction Strategies ◽  
Urban Safety

AbstractCities around the world continue to grapple with safety, security and the role for law enforcement in reducing gun crime. Recent calls for alternatives to militarized policing in cities and addressing racism in urban crime policies and practices gives new urgency to explore community-led strategies. Advance Peace is a program that aims to reduce urban gun violence using formerly incarcerated community members as street outreach mentors and violence interrupters. Yet, few urban policy makers know of Advance Peace and how it is distinct from other community-based urban gun violence interruption programs, often called focused deterrence. In this paper, we describe the innovative approach used by Advance Peace, what distinguishes it from other municipal gun violence reduction strategies, and examine the elements of its unique, public health informed program called the Peacemaker Fellowship®. The Peacemaker Fellowship enrolls the small number of the most violent and hard to reach members of a community at the center of gun violence in an intensive 18-month program of trauma-informed, healing-centered, anti-racist mentorship, education, social services, and life opportunities. We suggest that cities around the world seeking transformations in their approach to public safety, including addressing structural racism and centering community expertise, explore the unique features of the Advance Peace approach.

A New Narrative on Gun Violence

2021 ◽  
pp. 30-45
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Gun Violence ◽  
Urban Life ◽  
Public Health Approach ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Gun Policy ◽  
Violence Reduction ◽  
Road Map ◽  
Community Environments

Chapter 3 offers narratives about gun violence; these narratives draw from public health tenets and practice. Contributors sketch a road map to how people with differing philosophies can act together to prevent gun deaths: Michael B. Siegel describes public health principles that can shape thinking about gun policy. Drawing from his experiences in Baltimore, Daniel W. Webster illustrates how gun violence has influenced urban life, examining the implications of aggressive law enforcement. His work with police and community members and his involvement with a gun violence reduction consortium yield strategies for reducing harm. Zeroing in on the community environments in which gun violence occurs, Bernadette Callahan Hohl illustrates how a public health approach can improve safety. Using examples from community-driven projects, she offers evidence that strengthening neighborhoods pays off. The chapter concludes an action agenda.

scholarly journals Social Media and the Variable Impact of Violence Reduction Interventions: Re-Examining Focused Deterrence in Philadelphia

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 147
Author(s):  
Jordan M. Hyatt ◽  
James A. Densley ◽  
Caterina G. Roman
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Average Rate ◽  
Gun Violence ◽  
Violence Reduction ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Media Usage ◽  
Focused Deterrence ◽  
Matched Comparison ◽  
Variable Impact

Focused deterrence is a gang violence reduction strategy that relies on a unique mix of strong enforcement messages from law enforcement and judicial officials coupled with the promise of additional services. At the heart of the intervention is a coordinated effort to communicate the costs and consequences of gun violence to identified gang members during face-to-face meetings and additional community messaging. In Philadelphia, focused deterrence was implemented between 2013 and 2016, and although an impact evaluation showed a significant decrease in shootings in targeted areas relative to matched comparison neighborhoods, the effect on targeted gangs was not universal, with some exhibiting no change or an increase in gun-related activity. Here, we employ data on group-level social media usage and content to examine the correlations with gun violence. We find that several factors, including the nature of social media activity by the gang (e.g., extent of activity and who is engaging), are associated with increases in the average rate of gang-attributable shootings during the evaluation period, while content-specific variables (e.g., direct threats towards rivals and law enforcement) were not associated with increases in shootings. Implications for violence reduction policy, including the implementation of focused deterrence, are discussed.

Enhancing Community Safety through Interagency Collaboration: Lessons from Connecticut's Project Longevity

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (S4) ◽  
pp. 47-54
Author(s):  
Camila Gripp ◽  
Chandini Jha ◽  
Paige E. Vaughn
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Interagency Collaboration ◽  
Community Safety ◽  
Violence Reduction ◽  
Focused Deterrence ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Reduction Strategies ◽  
Study Participants

Group Violence Interventions (GVIs) combine a focused deterrence law enforcement approach with community mobilization and social services. The current study qualitatively examines Project Longevity, Connecticut's largest GVI initiative, to contribute to the limited literature on implementation of gun violence reduction strategies. Relying on interviews with 24 of Project Longevity law enforcement and non-law enforcement partners, we explore the establishment of interagency collaboration, which was viewed by study participants as the most pressing implementation challenge of Project Longevity. Our case study results offer important lessons to practitioners responsible for implementing GVI strategies.

Using The Fully Modified M Method In Estimating The Effect Of Cultivated Area On Barley Production In Iraq For The Period 1970-2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (66) ◽  
pp. 101-110
Author(s):  
. Azhar Kadhim Jbarah ◽  
Prof Dr. Ahmed Shaker Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Regression Model ◽  
Moving Average ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Estimation Methods ◽  
Autoregressive Moving Average ◽  
Moving Average Models ◽  
Error Terms ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Barley Crop

The research is concerned with estimating the effect of the cultivated area of barley crop on the production of that crop by estimating the regression model representing the relationship of these two variables. The results of the tests indicated that the time series of the response variable values is stationary and the series of values of the explanatory variable were nonstationary and that they were integrated of order one ( I(1) ), these tests also indicate that the random error terms are auto correlated and can be modeled according to the mixed autoregressive-moving average models ARMA(p,q), for these results we cannot use the classical estimation method to estimate our regression model, therefore, a fully modified M method was adopted, which is a robust estimation methods, The estimated results indicate a positive significant relation between the production of barley crop and cultivated area.

Advancing Urban Peace: Preventing Gun Violence and Healing Traumatized Youth

Youth Justice ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 147322542110201
Author(s):  
Jason Corburn ◽  
DeVone Boggan ◽  
Khaalid Muttaqi ◽  
Sam Vaughn ◽  
James Houston ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Public Safety ◽  
Urban Neighborhoods ◽  
Gun Violence ◽  
People Of Color ◽  
Violence Reduction ◽  
Reduction Program ◽  
Trauma Informed

This descriptive article highlights the inner-practices of a trauma-informed, healing-centered, urban gun violence reduction program called Advance Peace. We find that the Advance Peace model uses a unique curriculum called the Peacemaker Fellowship, that offers intensive mentorship, caring, and ‘street love’ to youth at the center of gun violence. The Advance Peace approach is one public safety model that may help young people of color heal from the traumas that contribute to gun violence while also reducing gun crime in urban neighborhoods.

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