Therapeutic Dynamics of Aggression, Readiness to Change, and Recidivism in a Partner Violent Men Typology

The Transtheoretical Model (TTM) of behavior change predicts that patients go through different stages of change prior to changing their problematic behavior. This study aims to evaluate the utility and validity of this model in a sample of 549 court-ordered partner violent men. Three types of perpetrators with respect to their readiness to change were revealed. Those in more advantage stage of change use more processes to change their problem and present with higher levels of intimate partner violence (IPV). Low readiness to change levels and treatment drop-out predict short-term criminal justice recidivism, while treatment drop-out predicts medium and long-term recidivism. Results highlight the applicability of the TTM in IPV and its usefulness in designing behavioral interventions with this population.

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Stages of Change in Batterers and Their Response to Treatment

Violence and Victims ◽

10.1891/0886-6708.23.4.476 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 23 (4) ◽

pp. 476-492 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Pamela C. Alexander ◽

Eugene Morris

Keyword(s):

Rhode Island ◽

Stages Of Change ◽

Transtheoretical Model ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Readiness To Change ◽

Violent Behavior ◽

Stage Of Change ◽

Response To Treatment ◽

Future Research ◽

Cluster 2

One important dimension of individual differences among batterers is their readiness to change. According to the transtheoretical model (Prochaska & DiClemente, 1984), all individuals go through precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, and maintenance before a change in behavior is accomplished. The applicability of this model to intimate partner violence was assessed by administering the University of Rhode Island Change Assessment (URICA) scales (with reference to their domestic violent behavior) to 210 court-ordered male batterers. Their responses were clustered, and two clusters were derived and then compared on other measures. As hypothesized, cluster 2 individuals (characterized by a profile of URICA scale scores suggesting an earlier stage of change) self-reported less initial distress (depression, anxiety, and alcohol abuse), less violence, and fewer problems with anger than cluster 1 individuals (characterized by URICA scale sores suggesting a later stage of change), although partners reported no difference in violence perpetrated by the two clusters. Cluster 1 individuals evidenced greater improvement in self-reported depression, anxiety, and anger control. Strategies to engage the more resistant cluster 2 individuals as well as suggestions for future research are considered.

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Readiness to Change, Partner Violence Subtypes, and Treatment Outcomes Among Men in Treatment for Partner Assault

Violence and Victims ◽

10.1891/0886-6708.23.4.446 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 23 (4) ◽

pp. 446-475 ◽

Cited By ~ 70

Author(s):

Christopher Eckhardt ◽

Amy Holtzworth-Munroe ◽

Bradley Norlander ◽

Ashley Sibley ◽

Melissa Cahill

Keyword(s):

Treatment Outcomes ◽

Stages Of Change ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Intervention Program ◽

Readiness To Change ◽

Stage Of Change ◽

Drop Out ◽

Criminal Recidivism ◽

Court Mandated ◽

Partner Assault

Men court-mandated to attend a batterer’s intervention program (BIP) were evaluated to determine whether pre-BIP readiness to change and the presence of partner violence subtypes predicted BIP completion, criminal recidivism, and postadjudication partner violence 6 months post-BIP. Of the 199 subject sample, 40% did not complete BIP. Four readiness-to-change clusters were found, with most men (76%) reporting change-resistant stages-of-change profiles. The partner violence typology reported by Holtzworth-Munroe et al. (2000) was supported with clustering into four subtypes: family only (FO), low-level antisocial (LLA), borderline/dysphoric (BD), and generally violent/antisocial (GVA). BIP completion was predicted by violence subtype (with BD and GVA more likely to drop out) but not by pre-BIP readiness to change. Men rearrested scored higher on the precontemplative stage of change and were more likely to be in the BD and GVA subtypes. Implications for counseling strategies are discussed.

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Using “Stages of Behavioral Change” Constructs to Measure the Short-Term Effects of a Worksite-Based Intervention to Increase Moderate Physical Activity

Psychological Reports ◽

10.2466/pr0.1998.82.2.615 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 82 (2) ◽

pp. 615-618 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Galen Cole ◽

Sharon Hammond ◽

Bruce Leonard ◽

Fred Fridinger

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Stages Of Change ◽

Transtheoretical Model ◽

Moderate Physical Activity ◽

Short Term ◽

Incentive Program ◽

Maintenance Stage ◽

Before And After ◽

Change Concept ◽

Short Term Effects

We evaluated a three-level incentive program to promote regular, moderate physical activity among employees working in a federal agency. The objective was to assess the short-term effects of the intervention by examining the stages people go through as they attempt to make permanent changes in physical activity. Indicators of the process by which changes in physical activity take place were based on a modified version of the Transtheoretical Model of Behavior. A one-group pretest/posttest design was used to ascertain which of the stages the 1,192 participants were in both before and after the intervention. Analysis indicated that, of the 1,192 participants, 6.5% regressed one or more stages, 30.3% did not regress or progress from one stage to another, 27.7% remained in the maintenance stage, and 35.4% progressed one (21.1%) or more (14.3%) stages during the 50-day intervention. Among those who progressed, the most common change was from preparation to late preparation (20.8%) and from late preparation to action (19.4%). Findings reinforce the notion that the stages of change concept can serve as indicators of the change process which, in turn, can be used as evidence of the short-term effectiveness of interventions. Findings also indicate this type of intervention holds promise for increasing physical activity among willing participants of a worksite population.

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The profile of client's readiness for change and preference to typical processes of change

Psihologija ◽

10.2298/psi0401089g ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 37 (1) ◽

pp. 89-108 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Vesna Gavrilov-Jerkovic

Keyword(s):

Stages Of Change ◽

Transtheoretical Model ◽

Readiness To Change ◽

Readiness For Change ◽

Transtheoretical Model Of Change ◽

Processes Of Change ◽

Theoretical Part ◽

Research Author ◽

Paper Author

In the theoretical part of this paper author considers the difficulties to define phenomenon of patient's readiness to change and proposes dimensions of transtheoretical model of change, that is, stages of change and processes as conceptual frames for exceeding those difficulties. Through the research author investigates the possibility to identify typical profiles of patient's readiness from the data about measured levels of particular stages of change. The results infer that several typical profiles of readiness can be identified and that it is possible that these profiles could be connected with tendency of patients to prefer passive or action-restructure processes of change.

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Programs for Partner-Violent Men: Shared Goals With Different Strategies

Partner Abuse ◽

10.1891/1946-6560.6.4.461 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

pp. 461-476 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Eveliina Holmgren ◽

Juha Holma ◽

Jaakko Seikkula

Keyword(s):

Partner Violence ◽

Violent Behavior ◽

Conclusive Evidence ◽

Group Program ◽

Group Format ◽

Key Issues ◽

Violent Men ◽

The Many ◽

Partner Violent Men ◽

Group Programs

Currently, the most popular intervention in the problem of intimate partner violence (IPV) are shelter-based services for victims and the group program model for perpetrators. Since its establishment in the 1970s, the perpetrator group format has been adopted throughout the world, in various settings. Most services are directed at partner-violent men; however, there are initiatives for offering interventions for partner-violent women, lesbians, and gays (e.g., Hamel, 2014). Some smaller scale studies have indicated that these programs result in important changes and help clients stop their violent behavior; however, the effectiveness of these programs has yet to be demonstrated by research using the most rigorous experimental designs. Because there is currently no conclusive evidence on the effectiveness of these interventions, or best practices, many programs face challenges in justifying their work. In addition, many ideological disputes have characterized the development of the group programs. Given the many controversial viewpoints on these interventions, the aim of this article is to discuss some key issues concerning these programs’ history, development, and current challenges in both practice and research.

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A systematic review of the transtheoretical model of behaviour change and alcohol use

Psychologica ◽

10.14195/1647-8606_57-1_1 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 57 (1) ◽

pp. 7-22

Author(s):

Flaviane Bevilaqua Felicíssimo ◽

Víviam Vargas Barros ◽

Sabrina Maura Pereira ◽

Natália Quintela Rocha ◽

Lélio Moura Lourenço

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Alcohol Use ◽

Rhode Island ◽

Behaviour Change ◽

Stages Of Change ◽

Transtheoretical Model ◽

Readiness To Change ◽

Change Processes ◽

Processes Of Change ◽

Change Assessment

Introdução: O estudo sobre o álcool tem aumentado em todo o mundo devido ao seu impacto social e econômico, e as doenças relacionadas ao uso de álcool estarem entre os distúrbios mais comuns de abuso de substâncias. Desta forma, faz-se necessário investigar os métodos mais eficazes e adequados de tratamento para diferentes populações. Método: Este trabalho analisou a literatura científica sobre o Modelo Transteórico de Mudança de Comportamento relacionados ao consumo de álcool. Foram consultadas as bases de dados Scopus, PubMed, PsycINFO, PepsiCo e Lilacs, utilizando os descritores transtheoretical model, transtheoretical approach, stages of change, processes of change e cycle of change cruzado com o descritor alcoholism, no período de dez anos (2001 a 2011). Principais resultados: A maioria das pesquisas encontradas utilizavam métodos longitudinais e quantitativos, além de uma prevalência no uso dos questionários Readiness to Change Questionnaire e University of Rhode Island Change Assessment utilizados na mensuração do ModeloTransteórico. Os resultados indicaram que outras variáveis podem influenciar o comportamento do indivíduo em relação à sua fase de mudança de comportamento e identificou problemas relacionados ao uso de álcool em pacientes que procuravam tratamento para outras condições de saúde. Esta constatação reforça a necessidade de práticas de triagens para a prevenção dos agravos relacionados ao uso de álcool.Implicações: O modelo Transteórico é importante no processo de mudança de comportamento, uma vez que permite a identificação dos estágios e a escolha de intervenções mais adequadas ao estágio do paciente, além de evitar que esforços sejam feitos na direção contrária à necessidade do usuário. Conclusão: Ressalta-se a necessidade de mais estudos na área, especialmente em relação às práticas de profissionais de saúde.

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Faktor yang Memengaruhi Pemilihan Metode Kontrasepsi

Jurnal Biometrika dan Kependudukan ◽

10.20473/jbk.v5i2.2016.91-98 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 91

Author(s):

Rendys Septalia ◽

Nunik Puspitasari

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Population Growth ◽

Contraceptive Use ◽

Drop Out ◽

Contraceptive Methods ◽

Short Term ◽

Contraceptive Usage ◽

Material Costs ◽

The Cost

Contraception was the most eﬀective way to control the population growth. The most widely favored in Indonesia was a short-term contraceptive methods. High attainment acceptor on short-term contraceptive methods because short-term contraceptive methods was a methods contraception aﬀordable, while the fees for the long-term contraceptive methods was more expensive. The incidence of injectable contraceptives and pills drop-out was higher than the long-term contraceptive methods that contributed to the failure of population growth control program. This study to analyze the factors that aﬀect the selection contraceptive methods. This study was an observational study with cross sectional design. Sampling with systematic random and obtained were 79 acceptors. The independent variables were the cost of contraceptive use, non-material costs (experience side eﬀects), cultural obstacle, social adjustments obstacle, physic and mental health obstacle, and accessibility obstacle. Data collected using the questionnaire and analyse by multiple logistic regression. The results showed that the signiﬁcant factor were the cost of contraceptive usage (pvalue = 0.002), the cost of non-material (experience side eﬀ ects) (pvalue = 0.007), and factors that didn’t have signiﬁ cant inﬂuence were cultural obstacle (pvalue = 0.105), social adjustments obstacle (pvalue = 0.999), physic and mental health obstacle (pvalue = 0.920), and accessibility obstacle (pvalue = 0.438). The conclusion were the cost of contraceptive use and non-material costs (experience side eﬀ ects) aﬀ ected the selection of contraception. It was need the cooperation between religious leaders, community leaders, and health care workers in a common understanding on the cost of contraceptive usage.

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Are Men With a History of Head Injury Less Responsive to Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Intimate Partner Violence?

Violence and Victims ◽

10.1891/0886-6708.vv-d-16-00005 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 32 (3) ◽

pp. 493-505 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Felicia A. Akerele ◽

Christopher M. Murphy ◽

Megan R. Williams

Keyword(s):

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Head Injury ◽

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Behavioral Therapy ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

Criminal Involvement ◽

History Of ◽

Violent Men ◽

Partner Violent Men

Head injury is highly prevalent among intimate partner violence (IPV) offenders. This study investigates responsiveness to cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for partner-violent men with and without a history of head injury using archival data on 310 males seeking IPV counseling at a community domestic violence agency. Participants reported on their history of head injury, age at injury, and length of time unconscious in a structured interview at program intake. Criminal justice outcomes were assessed for the 2-year period after scheduled completion of treatment using a publicly available state database. A significantly greater percentage of men with a history of head injury (N = 84) than those without (N = 226) had criminal involvement for incidents of partner abuse during the follow-up period. In addition, men with a history of moderate-to-severe head injury (n = 25) had more criminal involvement for general violence than those with no history of head injury. The findings highlight the need to screen partner-violent men for head injury and to develop and investigate intervention enhancements for those individuals.

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0476 Readiness and Stages of Change in a Behavioral Sleep Medicine Clinical Sample: From Pre-Contemplation to Struggling to Maintain Change

SLEEP ◽

10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.473 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. A182-A183

Author(s):

G Amatrudo ◽

K Puzino ◽

E Bourchtein ◽

S L Calhoun ◽

J Fernandez-Mendoza

Keyword(s):

Rhode Island ◽

Stages Of Change ◽

Transtheoretical Model ◽

Behavioral Treatment ◽

Readiness To Change ◽

Clinical Sample ◽

Significant Proportion ◽

Sleep Medicine ◽

Treatment Center ◽

Penn State

Abstract Introduction Stages of change in the transtheoretical model are used to assess a patient’s readiness to change, which may help providers tailor behavioral treatment (BT). As research has focused on substance abuse, there is a significant lack of data in individuals presenting for behavioral sleep medicine (BSM) treatment. Methods 146 consecutive patients (46.1±16.0 years, 61.6% female, 19.9% minority) who were evaluated at the BSM program of Penn State Hershey Sleep Research & Treatment Center completed the University of Rhode Island Change Assessment Scale (URICA) assessing readiness to change (RtC) and pre-contemplation (P), contemplation (C), preparation/action (A) and struggling to maintain (M) stages of change. Subjects also completed the Insomnia Treatment Acceptability Scale (ITAS) and Dysfunctional Beliefs and Attitudes about Sleep Scale (DBAS). Results The average RtC score was 9.4, with 21.9% of the sample in stage P, 56.2% in C and 21.9% in A. The average P (53.2±7.6), C (49.1±10.1), A (48.8±12.3) and M (37.7±9.1) scores suggested an overall “contemplation cluster profile”. Higher RtC (r=0.37), C (r=0.31) and A (r=0.24) scores were associated with greater acceptability of BT, while higher P scores were associated with lower acceptability of BT (r=-0.22). In contrast, higher M scores were associated with greater acceptability of pharmacological treatment (r=0.21) as well as higher DBAS scores, including sleep medication expectations (r=0.23). Conclusion Patients attending a BSM program typically present at a contemplation stage, which indicates intention to start changing sleep behaviors within the next few months with some ambivalence in regards to pros/cons of such change. A significant proportion of patients struggle to maintain change and present with higher acceptability for pharmacological interventions, which may hinder the effectiveness of BT and may require specific therapeutic approaches. Support Department of Psychiatry, Penn State College of Medicine

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Transtheoretical model-based nutritional interventions in adolescents: a systematic review

10.21203/rs.2.22185/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Jennifer Nakabayashi Langamer ◽

Giselle Rha-isa Melo ◽

Natacha Toral

Keyword(s):

Behavior Change ◽

Stages Of Change ◽

Transtheoretical Model ◽

Eating Habits ◽

Readiness To Change ◽

Decisional Balance ◽

Publication Date ◽

Nutritional Interventions ◽

Behavior Change Theories ◽

Positive Results

Abstract Background Literature has shown a tendency of inadequate eating habits among youth, consequently, nutritional interventions are required. The Transtheoretical Model (TTM) classifies individuals based on their readiness to change. This model is widely used for health education interventions and it has been associated with positive results. Purpose This review aimed to describe how the TTM has been applied to nutritional interventions for adolescents. Methods The Adolec, Google Scholar, LILACS, PsycINFO, PubMed, Science Direct and Web of Science databases were searched. Only full original articles written in English, Spanish or Portuguese on randomized controlled trials and quasi-experimental designs that applied the TTM to nutritional interventions targeting adolescents were included, with no restrictions on publication date. Results The initial search yielded 3779 results, of which 13 were included. Two more articles were added after a search update, totaling 15 articles. The included adolescents were mostly recruited from schools, and the duration of the studies ranged from one month to three years. The TTM was used alone or combined with other behavior-change theories. Nine interventions had positive results. The participants in six studies progressed through stages of change or improved decisional balance. Conclusion There are some limitations related to the studies included in this review, such as the differences in design and intervention exposure time, as well as using the TTM in association with other behavior-change theories. Nevertheless, the TTM seems to be a successful strategy for nutritional intervention in adolescents. Further studies comparing the TTM with other behavior-change theories should be conducted to better understand its effectiveness.

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