Distributed Leadership Globally: The Interactive Nature of Principal and Teacher Leadership in 32 Countries

2020 ◽  
pp. 0013161X2092654 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Printy ◽  
Yan Liu
Keyword(s):  
School Culture ◽  
Teacher Leadership ◽  
Principal Leadership ◽  
Distributed Leadership ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Education Policies ◽  
Teacher Surveys ◽  
Interactive Nature ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose: This study provides cross-country evidence regarding the extent to which distributed leadership operates in schools globally and offers preliminary insights about country education policies that explain the reported distributed leadership results. The researchers also investigate the relationship between principals’ reports of distributed leadership and teachers’ reports of the school culture, demonstrating the alignment of principal and teacher perspectives of distributed leadership. The conceptual framework highlights the interaction between leaders in varied situations characterized by leadership functions and country contexts. Research Design: Researchers use both principal and teacher surveys from the 2013 TALIS. In the first analytical stage, latent measures using confirmative factor analysis capture the extent to which principals and teachers were responsible for each of the three leadership functions; scatterplots explore distribution of interactive leadership, and further explanation is offered by document analysis of country policy profiles. In the second stage, the research uses hierarchical linear models for the effect of distributed leadership, specifically principal leadership, teacher leadership, and interactive leadership, on school culture for each country, synthesizing country results with meta-analysis. Findings: Distributed leadership varies by leadership function and appears to be influenced by country education policy. Teachers report that their school culture is conducive to distributed leadership when, in fact, they have the opportunity to lead. Conclusions: Findings add global evidence that country context is an important part of the situation for distributed leadership. The patterns of distributed leadership by function invite further research within each country, particularly to examine the influence of educational policy.

scholarly journals Pengaruh gaya kepemimpinan, budaya sekolah dan motivasi terhadap kinerja guru SMP swasta

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-60
Author(s):  
Vivi Candra ◽  
Acai Sudirman ◽  
Pasaman Silaban
Keyword(s):  
Middle School ◽  
School Culture ◽  
Leadership Style ◽  
Principal Leadership ◽  
Teacher Performance ◽  
Principal Leadership Style ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Descriptive Method

Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk menguji dampak gaya kepemimpinan kepala sekolah, budaya sekolah, dan motivasi terhadap kinerja guru di SMP Swasta Sultan Agung Pematangsiantar. Jumlah anggota populasi adalah 31 orang. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif dengan menggunakan kuesioner atau sensus. Instrumen penelitian dalam penelitian ini adalah kuesioner yang dibagikan secara langsung kepada responden untuk mencari data yang berhubungan dengan penelitian ini. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis kuantitatif dan analisis kualitatif. Hasil penelitian dan hasil pengumpulan data menunjukkan bahwa secara parsial, variabel gaya kepemimpinan kepala sekolah berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja guru, variabel budaya sekolah berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja guru, dan variabel motivasi berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja guru. Temuan empiris tersebut mengindikasikan bahwa untuk meningkatkan kinerja guru, maka SMP Swasta Sultan Agung Pematangsiantar perlu memperhatikan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kinerja guru, seperti kepemimpinan kepala sekolah, budaya sekolah, dan motivasi.  Dengan mengetahui pengaruh hubungan tersebut dapat dijadikan sebagai parameter untuk merancang strategi dimasa yang akan datang guna meningkatkan kinerja guru. AbstractThis study aims to examine the impact of principals' leadership style, school culture, and motivation on teacher performance at Sultan Agung Pematangsiantar Middle School. The number of members of the population is 31 people. Therefore, this study uses a quantitative descriptive method using a questionnaire or census. The research instrument in this study is a questionnaire that was distributed directly to respondents to look for data related to this study. The data analysis method used is the quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis. The results of the study and the results of data collection showed that partially, the principal leadership style variable had a significant effect on teacher performance, the school culture variable had a significant effect on teacher performance, and the motivation variable had a significant effect on teacher performance. The empirical findings indicate that to improve teacher performance, Sultan Agung Pematangsiantar Middle School needs to pay attention to the factors that influence teacher performance, such as principals' leadership, school culture, and motivation. Because by knowing the effect of the relationship can be used as a parameter to design a strategy in the future to improve teacher performance.

scholarly journals Teacher Leadership Effects on Student Achievement and Student Satisfaction: A Meta Analysis on the Studies Published in Turkey and USA

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
ŞENGÜL UYSAL ◽  
YILMAZ SARIER
Keyword(s):  
Student Achievement ◽  
School Improvement ◽  
Student Satisfaction ◽  
Teacher Leadership ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Average Effect ◽  
Leadership And Student Achievement ◽  
Direct And Indirect Impacts ◽  
Indirect Impacts ◽  
The Relationship

Teacher leadership has grown in importance over the past decades and the growing interest results in the studies presenting direct and indirect impacts on school improvement processes and outcomes. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of teacher leadership on student achievement and student satisfaction. The methodology involved an analysis of 22 published studies of the relationship between teacher leadership and student achievement with student satisfaction. The meta-analysis involved a comparison of the effects of teacher leadership on student achievement and student satisfaction in Turkey and USA. The results indicated that the average effect of teacher leadership on student achievement is modest and positive and it is strong and positive on student satisfaction. Comparing the countries, in Turkey the average effect of teacher leadership on student satisfaction is much stronger than it is in USA.

Trust and the Development of Distributed Leadership

2007 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 469-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark A. Smylie ◽  
David Mayrowetz ◽  
Joseph Murphy ◽  
Karen Seashore Louis
Keyword(s):  
Leadership Development ◽  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Principal Leadership ◽  
Distributed Leadership ◽  
Initial Level ◽  
Supporting Evidence ◽  
Theoretical Argument ◽  
Design Performance ◽  
Trust Relationship ◽  
The Relationship

This article examines the relationship between trust and the development of distributed leadership. It presents a theoretical argument with supporting evidence from longitudinal fieldwork examining distributed leadership development in comparative cases of two secondary schools. The analysis suggests that trust matters in the design, performance, and perceptions of distributed leadership; that the relationship between trust and distributed leadership development is dynamic and mutually reinforcing; that an initial level of positive or provisional trust may be necessary; and that principal leadership and the trust relationship between principal and teachers are especially important to distributed leadership development.

scholarly journals Professionalism of physical education teachers: from the leadership of school principals, school culture to teacher work motivation

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 296
Author(s):  
Albadi Sinulingga ◽  
Suprayitno Suprayitno ◽  
Dian Pertiwi
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
School Culture ◽  
Principal Leadership ◽  
Work Motivation ◽  
School Principal ◽  
Teacher Professionalism ◽  
Physical Education Teachers ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Teacher Work ◽  
The Relationship

This study aims to obtain an overview of the relationship between school principal leadership, school culture and teacher work motivation on the professionalism of physical education teachers. The study uses a quantitative approach with the Ext-Post Facto method. The population in this study amounted to 952 people from 34 Public and Private Vocational High Schools (SMK) registered in MGMP (Subject Teachers' Consultation) Physical Education Vocational School Physical Education Serdang Bedagai Regency in North Sumatra Province in 2017. Samples of 30 physical education teachers from 34 Schools using purposive sampling techniques. Data collection techniques using a questionnaire. Data analysis techniques using path analysis. The results showed that the principal's leadership and work motivation of teachers directly affected teacher professionalism, while school culture would not affect teacher professionalism. The conclusion is that the principal's good leadership, healthy school culture, and high teacher motivation are factors of high and low teacher professionalism.

Relationship between total plasma homocysteine and the risk of aneurysms – a meta-analysis

VASA ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Hanji Zhang ◽  
Dexin Yin ◽  
Yue Zhao ◽  
Yezhou Li ◽  
Dejiang Yao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Total Plasma ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Randomized Controlled Studies ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Healthy Participants

Summary: Our meta-analysis focused on the relationship between homocysteine (Hcy) level and the incidence of aneurysms and looked at the relationship between smoking, hypertension and aneurysms. A systematic literature search of Pubmed, Web of Science, and Embase databases (up to March 31, 2020) resulted in the identification of 19 studies, including 2,629 aneurysm patients and 6,497 healthy participants. Combined analysis of the included studies showed that number of smoking, hypertension and hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) in aneurysm patients was higher than that in the control groups, and the total plasma Hcy level in aneurysm patients was also higher. These findings suggest that smoking, hypertension and HHcy may be risk factors for the development and progression of aneurysms. Although the heterogeneity of meta-analysis was significant, it was found that the heterogeneity might come from the difference between race and disease species through subgroup analysis. Large-scale randomized controlled studies of single species and single disease species are needed in the future to supplement the accuracy of the results.

A Meta-Analysis of Interviews and Cognitive Ability

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 157-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip L. Roth ◽  
Allen I. Huffcutt
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Ability ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Incremental Validity ◽  
Employment Interviews ◽  
Moderator Analysis ◽  
The Future ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
The Relationship

The topic of what interviews measure has received a great deal of attention over the years. One line of research has investigated the relationship between interviews and the construct of cognitive ability. A previous meta-analysis reported an overall corrected correlation of .40 ( Huffcutt, Roth, & McDaniel, 1996 ). A more recent meta-analysis reported a noticeably lower corrected correlation of .27 ( Berry, Sackett, & Landers, 2007 ). After reviewing both meta-analyses, it appears that the two studies posed different research questions. Further, there were a number of coding judgments in Berry et al. that merit review, and there was no moderator analysis for educational versus employment interviews. As a result, we reanalyzed the work by Berry et al. and found a corrected correlation of .42 for employment interviews (.15 higher than Berry et al., a 56% increase). Further, educational interviews were associated with a corrected correlation of .21, supporting their influence as a moderator. We suggest a better estimate of the correlation between employment interviews and cognitive ability is .42, and this takes us “back to the future” in that the better overall estimate of the employment interviews – cognitive ability relationship is roughly .40. This difference has implications for what is being measured by interviews and their incremental validity.

The Relationship Between Immorality and Cleansing

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 303-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jedidiah Siev ◽  
Shelby E. Zuckerman ◽  
Joseph J. Siev
Keyword(s):  
Effect Size ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Weighted Mean ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. In a widely publicized set of studies, participants who were primed to consider unethical events preferred cleansing products more than did those primed with ethical events ( Zhong & Liljenquist, 2006 ). This tendency to respond to moral threat with physical cleansing is known as the Macbeth Effect. Several subsequent efforts, however, did not replicate this relationship. The present manuscript reports the results of a meta-analysis of 15 studies testing this relationship. The weighted mean effect size was small across all studies (g = 0.17, 95% CI [0.04, 0.31]), and nonsignificant across studies conducted in independent laboratories (g = 0.07, 95% CI [−0.04, 0.19]). We conclude that there is little evidence for an overall Macbeth Effect; however, there may be a Macbeth Effect under certain conditions.

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