scholarly journals Study on velocity distribution of large particle in vertical slurry pipeline

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 1282-1288
Author(s):  
Zhao Li-an ◽  
Wang Tieli ◽  
Han Wenqiang
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Velocity Distribution ◽  
Drag Coefficient ◽  
Large Particle ◽  
Influence Factors ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Calculation Model ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Large Particles ◽  
Additional Coefficient

Velocity distribution of vertical pipes with large particle slurry plays an important role in pipeline transportation of minerals in hydraulic coal mining and ocean mining industry. The experiments of particle fluidization and particle vertical lift are conducted and the fluidization data of three kinds of large particles are analyzed. The results show that the vortex resistance prevents particles from moving as the coarse particles move in vertical pipes. An additional coefficient method is proposed to study the vortex resistance by increasing the coefficient of vortex resistance before interference. Mathematical model is established to describe the drag coefficient of the vortex by analyzing the influence factors of the experimental data and the drag coefficient of the vortex. In addition, calculation model of the velocity distribution of large particles in vertical pipe is proposed by analyzing the force, the fluid, and the solid momentum. Moreover, the experimental data of particle transport in vertical pipes are utilized to verify and analyze the proposed model.

A fuzzy neural network approach for modeling the growth kinetics of FeB and Fe2B layers during the boronizing process

2018 ◽  
Vol 106 (6) ◽  
pp. 603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bendaoud Mebarek ◽  
Mourad Keddam
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Experimental Data ◽  
Fuzzy Neural Network ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Calculation Model ◽  
Average Error ◽  
Network Approach ◽  
Neural Network Approach ◽  
Fuzzy Neural ◽  
Kinetics Of

In this paper, we develop a boronizing process simulation model based on fuzzy neural network (FNN) approach for estimating the thickness of the FeB and Fe2B layers. The model represents a synthesis of two artificial intelligence techniques; the fuzzy logic and the neural network. Characteristics of the fuzzy neural network approach for the modelling of boronizing process are presented in this study. In order to validate the results of our calculation model, we have used the learning base of experimental data of the powder-pack boronizing of Fe-15Cr alloy in the temperature range from 800 to 1050 °C and for a treatment time ranging from 0.5 to 12 h. The obtained results show that it is possible to estimate the influence of different process parameters. Comparing the results obtained by the artificial neural network to experimental data, the average error generated from the fuzzy neural network was 3% for the FeB layer and 3.5% for the Fe2B layer. The results obtained from the fuzzy neural network approach are in agreement with the experimental data. Finally, the utilization of fuzzy neural network approach is well adapted for the boronizing kinetics of Fe-15Cr alloy.

Dual Release Model to Evaluate Dissolution Profiles from Swellable Drug Polyelectrolyte Matrices

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 511-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alicia Graciela Cid ◽  
María Verónica Ramírez-Rigo ◽  
María Celeste Palena ◽  
Elio Emilio Gonzo ◽  
Alvaro Federico Jimenez-Kairuz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Inflection Point ◽  
Release Profile ◽  
Experimental Point ◽  
Extended Model ◽  
Release Process ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Dual Release ◽  
Release Model

Background: Mathematical modeling in modified drug release is an important tool that allows predicting the release rate of drugs in their surrounding environment and elucidates the transport mechanisms involved in the process. Objective: The aim of this work was to develop a mathematical model that allows evaluating the release profile of drugs from polymeric carriers in which the swelling phenomenon is present. Methods: Swellable matrices based on ionic complexes of alginic acid or carboxymethylcellulose with ciprofloxacin were prepared and the effect of adding the polymer sodium salt on the swelling process and the drug release was evaluated. Experimental data from the ciprofloxacin release profiles were mathematically adjusted, considering the mechanisms involved in each stage of the release process. Results: A proposed model, named “Dual Release” model, was able to properly fit the experimental data of matrices presenting the swelling phenomenon, characterized by an inflection point in their release profile. This entails applying the extended model of Korsmeyer-Peppas to estimate the percentage of drug released from the first experimental point up to the inflection point and then a model called Lumped until the final time, allowing to adequately represent the complete range of the drug release profile. Different parameters of pharmaceutical relevance were calculated using the proposed model to compare the profiles of the studied matrices. Conclusion: The “Dual Release” model proposed in this article can be used to predict the behavior of complex systems in which different mechanisms are involved in the release process.

scholarly journals Optimization method of hourly heat load calculation model for heat storage air-conditioning heating system in different climate zones

2021 ◽  
pp. 014459872110052
Author(s):  
Yuechao Liu ◽  
Dong Guo ◽  
Min Zhou ◽  
Shanshan Wu ◽  
Dongmei Li
Keyword(s):  
Heat Load ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Heat Storage ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Calculation Model ◽  
Climate Zones ◽  
Load Calculation ◽  
Typical Day ◽  
Additional Coefficient

One optimization method of hourly heat load calculation model for heat storage air-conditioning heating system in different climate zones was proposed. A building model is initially built in six different climate zones. Subsequently, the hourly heat load and steady-state design heat load in different climate zones were analyzed. Simultaneously, the hourly heat load additional coefficient of the air-conditioning system with different heating modes on a typical day was compared. It can be found that steady-state design heat load on a typical day is mostly between the peak load and average load of the air-conditioning heating system. Simultaneously, results indicate that the hourly heat load additional coefficient in each climate zone can be fitted to different exponential functions. When the heat storage capacity of building components was changed, the maximum increase of the hourly heat load additional coefficient of the air-conditioning system with intermittent heating was 5%. Thus, the research of the optimal design of hourly heat load calculation method provides a relative reference for performance improvement of the heat storage air-conditioning heating system.

Wear of a Tool in Double-Disk Lapping of Silicon Wafers

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Barylski ◽  
Mariusz Deja
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Integrated Circuits ◽  
Tool Wear ◽  
Silicon Wafers ◽  
Silicon Ingot ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Tool Wear Prediction ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Kinematical Parameters

Silicon wafers are the most widely used substrates for fabricating integrated circuits. A sequence of processes is needed to turn a silicon ingot into silicon wafers. One of the processes is flattening by lapping or by grinding to achieve a high degree of flatness and parallelism of the wafer [1, 2, 3]. Lapping can effectively remove or reduce the waviness induced by preceding operations [2, 4]. The main aim of this paper is to compare the simulation results with lapping experimental data obtained from the Polish producer of silicon wafers, the company Cemat Silicon from Warsaw (www.cematsil.com). Proposed model is going to be implemented by this company for the tool wear prediction. Proposed model can be applied for lapping or grinding with single or double-disc lapping kinematics [5, 6, 7]. Geometrical and kinematical relations with the simulations are presented in the work. Generated results for given workpiece diameter and for different kinematical parameters are studied using models programmed in the Matlab environment.

Effect of Interaction Modeling in AFM-Based Nanomanipulation

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fakhreddine Landolsi ◽  
Fathi H. Ghorbel ◽  
James B. Dabney
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Interaction Model ◽  
Collision Process ◽  
Visual Sensing ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Interaction Modeling

AFM-based nanomanipulation is very challenging because of the complex mechanics in tip-sample interactions and the limitations in AFM visual sensing capabilities. In the present paper, we investigate the modeling of AFM-based nanomanipulation emphasizing the effects of the relevant interactions at the nanoscale. The major contribution of the present work is the use of a combined DMT-JKR interaction model in order to describe the complete collision process between the AFM tip and the sample. The coupling between the interactions and the friction at the nanoscale is emphasized. The efficacy of the proposed model to reproduce experimental data is demonstrated via numerical simulations.

Carbon Emission of Mining Industry’s Energy Consumption in Heilongjiang Province

2015 ◽  
Vol 1092-1093 ◽  
pp. 1597-1600
Author(s):  
Zhong Hua Wang ◽  
Xin Ye Chen
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Carbon Emission ◽  
Industrial Structure ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Calculation Model ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Heilongjiang Province ◽  
Low Carbon

The need to reduce carbon emission in Heilongjiang Province of China is urgent challenge facing sustainable development. This paper aims to make explicit the problem-solving of carbon emission to find low carbon emission ways. According to domestic and foreign literatures on estimating and calculating carbon emissions and by integrating calculation methods of carbon emissions, it was not possible to consider all of the many contributions to carbon emissions. Calculation model of carbon emissions suitable to this paper is selected. The carbon emissions of energy consumption in mining industry are estimated and calculated from 2005 to 2012, and the characteristics of carbon emission are analyzed at the provincial level. It makes the point that carbon emissions of energy consumption in mining industry can be reduced when we attempt to alter energy consumption structure, adjust industrial structure and improve energy utilization efficiency.

The Pressure Drop at Critical Fluidization of Large Particles in Vibrated Fluidization Bed

2012 ◽  
Vol 550-553 ◽  
pp. 2763-2766
Author(s):  
Xue Jun Zhu ◽  
Jun Deng
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Large Particle ◽  
Particle Diameter ◽  
Future Design ◽  
Vibration Strength ◽  
Bed Height ◽  
Large Particles ◽  
Vibrated Fluidized Bed ◽  
Critical Fluidization

The pressure drop at critical fluidization for two-dimensional vibrated fluidized bed(240 mm×80 mm) was studied, with large particle glass beads of average diameters dp of 1.8mm, 2.5mm and 3.2mm.The effect of the vibration strength, the static bed height and the particle diameter on the pressure drop was analyzed. The results of the study show that the pressure drop decreases with the increase of the vibration strength. It plays an even more prominent part with decreases of the static bed height and the particle diameter. The empirical correlation equations to predict the pressure drop was established, and the results of the prediction was compared with the experimental data, the error is in range of ±10%. The results can provide references for future design and research on the vibrated fluidized bed.

scholarly journals Analytical Model for Restraint Strains and Self-stressed in Expansive Concrete Filled Steel Tubes (ECFST) estimation

2020 ◽  
pp. 93-98
Author(s):  
Viktar V. Tur ◽  
Radoslaw Duda ◽  
Dina Khmaruk ◽  
Viktar Basav
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Steel Tube ◽  
Development Model ◽  
Steel Tubes ◽  
Concrete Core ◽  
Expansive Concrete ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Comparison Results ◽  
Concrete Filled Steel Tubes

In this paper, a modified strains development model (MSDM) for expansive concrete-filled steel tube (ECFST) was formulated and verified on the experimental data, obtained from testing specimens on the expansion stage. The modified strain development model for restraint strains and self-stresses values estimation in concrete with high expansion energy capacity under any type of the symmetrical and unsymmetrical finite stiffness restraint conditions was proposed. Based on proposed MSDM a new model for expansive concrete-filled steel tubes is developed. The main difference between this model and other previously developed models consists in taking into account in the basic equations an induced force in restrain that is considered as an external load applied to the concrete core of the member. For verification of the proposed model-specific experimental studies were performed. As follows from comparison results restrained expansion strains values calculated following the proposed model shows good compliance with experimental data. The values predicted by the proposed MSDM for concrete-filled steel and obtained experimental data demonstrated good agreement that confirms the validity of the former.

scholarly journals Considering the dynamic refueling behavior in locating electric vehicle charging stations

2014 ◽  
Vol II-2 ◽  
pp. 41-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Liu ◽  
X.H. Sun
Keyword(s):  
Influence Factors ◽  
Spatial Location ◽  
Location Model ◽  
Electric Vehicle Charging ◽  
Charging Time ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Charging Stations ◽  
Dual Objectives ◽  
Ev Charging

Electric vehicles (EVs) will certainly play an important role in addressing the energy and environmental challenges at current situation. However, location problem of EV charging stations was realized as one of the key issues of EVs launching strategy. While for the case of locating EV charging stations, more influence factors and constraints need to be considered since the EVs have some special attributes. The minimum requested charging time for EVs is usually more than 30minutes, therefore the possible delay time due to waiting or looking for an available station is one of the most important influence factors. In addition, the intention to purchase and use of EVs that also affects the location of EV charging stations is distributed unevenly among regions and should be considered when modelling. Unfortunately, these kinds of time-spatial constraints were always ignored in previous models. Based on the related research of refuelling behaviours and refuelling demands, this paper developed a new concept with dual objectives of minimum waiting time and maximum service accessibility for locating EV charging stations，named as Time-Spatial Location Model (TSLM). The proposed model and the traditional flow-capturing location model are applied on an example network respectively and the results are compared. Results demonstrate that time constraint has great effects on the location of EV charging stations. The proposed model has some obvious advantages and will help energy providers to make a viable plan for the network of EV charging stations.

scholarly journals Investigation of transitional processes of vibration machine with inertionic vibrator and asynchronous motor

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (133) ◽  
pp. 97-109
Author(s):  
Dmytro Kononov ◽  
Viktor Yermokratiev ◽  
Yevhen Miroshnyk
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Differential Equations ◽  
Nonlinear Differential Equations ◽  
Asynchronous Motor ◽  
Oscillation Amplitude ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Stable Operation ◽  
Vibration Machine ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Quality Of Products

Strict compliance with technological requirements in the production of steel is one of the main factors that determine the quality of products. In the mining industry, at metallurgical enterprises and transport hubs, all kinds of vibrating machines are widely used, and in particular vibrating conveyors (VTM): vibrating conveyors, vibrating conveyors and feeders, vibrating screens and screen feeders, and vibratory loaders. The main type of drive of such machines is an inertial drive, which consists of unbalanced vibrators. This drive is simple and has been widely used in vibrating machines of various types. To ensure stable operation (constancy of the oscillation amplitude when changing any system parameters) of such a vibrating machine with an inertial drive, a resonant setting is used. In this regard, there are difficulties that arise during start-up and run-out of the vibrating feeder: increasing the amplitude of oscillations, load on the foundation, power consumption, which leads to the fact that the motor does not reach rated speed and fails during start-up. Purpose: to study the dynamics of transients in VTM, which accompany the start of VTM from rest and run. The idea of the work is computer simulation of VTM dynamics based on numerical integration of a system of nonlinear differential equations describing the motion of a machine. As well as comparing them with experimental data. A mathematical model of VTM has been developed, differential equations of VTM motion have been compiled taking into account the characteristics of an induction motor. To solve the system of differential developed a program in the application Simulink. The obtained dependences confirm the increase in the amplitude of oscillation of the VTM tray when empty and stop VTM, which must be taken into account to calculate the parameters of the systems with vibrating machines. The experimental data are compared with the calculated ones, there is a good coincidence of results.

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