The rationality of physical fitness evaluation index for cardiorespiratory fitness in medical system

2021 ◽  
pp. 002072092110134
Author(s):  
SongBo He ◽  
Yan Jin ◽  
Hongchun Jia
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Body ◽  
Exercise Frequency ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Function ◽  
Exercise Time ◽  
Gas Metabolism

Healthy fitness is considered to be closely related to good health. Nowadays, in a modern society, people are less and less active, and high-nutrient intake is increasing. In the face of high-intensity work and life pressure, people’s leisure and entertainment time will increase relatively. When people are deeply aware of the importance of good physical fitness and regular exercise for health. Physical fitness training can bring some positive factors to the body. The purpose of this paper is to study the rationality of fitness assessment indicators for cardiorespiratory fitness in medical systems. In this paper, the cardiopulmonary function and gas metabolism test (K4b2 exercise cardiopulmonary function tester) was carried out by step-by-step incremental load test (CS3000). The subjects wore a breathing mask and a heart rate monitor on a power bicycle for 5 min to measure the gas metabolism in a quiet state. The incremental load motion is then completed on the power bike. At the same time, the three-axis physical activity monitor produced by ActiGraph in the United States was used to test the energy metabolism during exercise and training. The exercise load starts from 25 W, the rotational speed is 60 r/min, each stage increases by 25 W, the load of each stage lasts for 2 min, there is no interval between the levels, and the heart rate, blood pressure and RPE value at the end of each stage are recorded. The experimental results demonstrates that the method has a significant effect on the functional fitness of the elderly with cancer (P < 0.01). The exercise frequency and exercise time have the most significant influence on the fitness of the elderly with cancer (P < 0.001). The muscle strength, flexibility, balance quality and cardiorespiratory strength of the upper and lower limbs were significantly positively correlated with the exercise frequency and each exercise time, but not by the exercise intensity (P > 0.05).

Geometric Enhancements of an Arteriovenous Graft

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen P. Broderick ◽  
Gráinne Carroll ◽  
Micheal Walsh
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cost Of Care ◽  
The Body ◽  
Venous Anastomosis ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage ◽  
Esrd Patients

End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) is the degeneration of kidney function to remove uremic toxins from the blood. Currently there are over 484,000 sufferers of ESRD in the United States, with this figure predicted to rise to over 800,000 by 2020 [1]. The total cost of care for patients with ESRD was estimated to exceed 1 billion dollars in the United States [2]. A kidney transplant is the ideal solution for ESRD patients; however with the increasing number of ESRD patients the odds of receiving a donor kidney are poor. The alternative is hemodialysis. This process is involves the extraction of blood from the patient to an extracorporal machine. Blood is pumped at a rate of 350 mL/min to ensure effective dialysis. The blood is then returned to the body cleaned. The gold standard for hemodialysis access is the native arteriovenous fistula [3] with the most common type being the Brescia-Cimino fistula at the wrist [4]. In some subgroups the fistula performs poorly. In diabetics and the elderly, specifically over 70s [2] or can’t be constructed because of unsuitable blood vessels [5]. In this case an alternative is the synthetic AV graft. Made of polytetrafluoroethelyne, it has lower patency rates against the fistula [6] [7] mediated by the susceptibility to thrombosis induced by stenosis development and infection [7].The majority of stenosis development is within the venous anastomosis (kanterman1995). The formation of intimal hyperplasia (IH) leading to stenosis formation is caused by smooth cell proliferation and migration as a result of endothelial cells reacting to shear stress receptors. The development of IH has been linked to local hemodynamics and turbulence in the flow, which in turn are heavily influenced by the geometry of the graft.

HEART RATE MONITORING SYSTEMS IN GROUPS FOR RELIABILITY AND VALIDITY ASSESSMENT OF CARDIORESPIRATORY FITNESS ANALYSIS

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (06) ◽  
pp. 1550055
Author(s):  
Ren-Guey Lee ◽  
Chih-Yang Chen ◽  
Chun-Chieh Hsiao ◽  
Robert Lin
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Heart Rate Recovery ◽  
Step Test ◽  
Exercise Heart Rate ◽  
Regular Exercise ◽  
Heart Rate Monitoring

According to statistics in Taiwan, the proportion of students engaged in regular exercise has declined drastically with the increase in education level. This study thus aims to provide a platform for monitoring of group cardiorespiratory fitness to allow users such as teachers or coaches to easily monitor a group’s exercise condition, intensity and duration to increase exercise efficiency, promote exercise motivation and reduce exercise risk. Based on group measurement concept and wearable chest strap textiles integrated with heart rate monitoring devices, teachers or coaches can immediately acquire and display all heart rate information on a notebook computer together with synchronous field projection display. The acquired heart rate data can also be automatically recorded and analyzed to assist in assessing the physical fitness. Our proposed platform aims to monitor the cardiorespiratory fitness in group mainly for college students and young office worker. To validate the stability of our platform in the long term, we recruited the college students in a physical fitness class, 35 in total, as the subjects for long term observation. In the experiments the subjects are divided into “varsity group” and “sedentary group” according to whether they are with or without regular exercise habits. Subjects wearing chest straps were instructed to take the 3-minute Step Test and the 5-minute constant intensity exercise test. The results show that the “varsity group” has a lower resting heart rate ([Formula: see text][Formula: see text]bpm vs. [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]bpm), a lower exercise heart rate ([Formula: see text][Formula: see text]bpm vs. [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]bpm) and a lower mean heart rate ([Formula: see text][Formula: see text]bpm vs. [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]bpm). The “Varsity group” also has a higher heart rate recovery percentage at the first minute ([Formula: see text] vs. [Formula: see text]) and the second minute ([Formula: see text] vs. [Formula: see text]). Moreover, all these indexes have a high correlation with the fitness index in the 3-minute Step Test, among which the percentage of heart rate recovery in the first minute shows the highest positive correlation ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]). Our wearable heart rate monitoring system can thus be deemed as effective to provide a platform for measurement of group heart rates and for assessment of cardiorespiratory fitness.

Treatment of hypertension in the elderly: Effects on blood pressure, heart rate, and physical fitness

1991 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. S12-S13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gastone Leonetti ◽  
Carlo Mazzola ◽  
Carlo Pasotti ◽  
Laura Angioni ◽  
Alvaro Vaccarella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Treatment Of Hypertension

scholarly journals Serotonin in the elderly

2020 ◽  
pp. 79-81
Author(s):  
OBW Greeff
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Older People ◽  
Clinical Effectiveness ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Tricyclic Antidepressant ◽  
The Body ◽  
Biological Functions ◽  
Emotional Wellbeing ◽  
Serotonergic Function ◽  
Norepinephrine Reuptake

Serotonin is said to determine our emotions, moods and affect. The physiology of serotonin implies it in the regulation of biological functions in line with our mood, like accelerated heart rate and sweating triggered by feeling flustered. Serotonin has multiple pharmacological actions in the body and alterations in serotonergic function may account for behavioural disturbances commonly observed in the elderly. The clinical effectiveness of selective 5-HT reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) is believed to be mediated through enhancement of extracellular 5 HT. Various studies have shown that the SSRIs are better tolerated in older people compared with the tricyclic antidepressant or serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs). It is obvious that serotonin plays a significant role in the emotional wellbeing of people – whether they are young or old and there are various ways of increasing serotonin in the body in order to create a feeling of wellbeing and content.

scholarly journals Associação de polimorfismos genéticos com capacidades físicas e composição corporal em idosas

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Vitor Nolasco de Moraes ◽  
Gustavo Duarte Ferrari ◽  
Thiago Chiaratto ◽  
Letícia Perticarrara Ferezin ◽  
Átila Alexandre Trapé ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Women ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Capacity Flexibility ◽  
Physical Capacities

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1980-0037.2016v18n1p11 The elderly population has grown substantially, and the decline in physical capacities and increase in the body fat percentage are important characteristics of aging. Genetic factors may explain these declines and studies related to this issue are justified because they predict what physical capacities present larger declines in different individuals and enable the adoption of strategies to slow them. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of ACE I / D and ACTN3 R / X genetic polymorphisms on body fat, muscle strength and power levels, aerobic capacity, flexibility and agility in older women. Sixty-six older women were genotyped with respect to ACTN3 and ACE polymorphisms for the division of groups and submitted to anthropometric measurements, physical tests in the AAHPERD and RIKLI and JONES test batteries and IPAQ to determine the level of physical activity and the Food Consumption Marker Form. Older women with XX genotype in relation to ACTN3 genotype had lower levels of flexibility of upper and lower limbs and lower cardiorespiratory fitness. Moreover, in relation to the ACE genotype, ID individuals exhibited higher cardiorespiratory fitness and lower body fat percentages. In relation to the other variables, there was no statistical difference among groups. It was concluded that the genetic variants under study play a role in some of the physical capacities and body composition in elderly women. In the future, data of this nature will enable each individual to have specific health interventions directed to the variables showing higher genetic potential for decline. 

Association between functional physical fitness and health status of the elderly

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Batista ◽  
G Flores ◽  
S Carvalho ◽  
M Sampaio ◽  
C Patrício
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Upper Limbs ◽  
Fitness Components ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Functional Changes

Abstract Introduction Portugal currently has one of the most aging populations in Europe. Aging is usually associated with increased inactivity, decreased physical capacity and a higher incidence of disease, all of which leads to a reduction in functional changes and, consequently, loss of independence. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure that this population maintains a satisfactory level of physical and mental skills, emotional well-being and especially independence to perform day-to-day activities, and, to that end, measures are needed to promote health and allow a better quality of life. Objectives To verify if the physical fitness components are determinant for the health status of the elderly. Methodology A cross-sectional study was carried out on non-institutionalized elderly. For data collection, a questionnaire with sociodemographic data, the SF-12 questionnaire, to assess health status (physical and mental component), and the Senior Fitness Test (strength of lower and upper limbs, agility / balance, flexibility of the lower and upper limbs and cardiorespiratory fitness) to assess functional physical fitness were conducted. Results The sample is composed of 439 individuals, aged between 65 and 95 years old, mostly women. The set of physical fitness components: cardiorespiratory fitness, agility / balance, body mass index, lower and upper limb strength, explained by 35% of the variation in physical component from SF-12. The cardiorespiratory fitness and upper limb strength predict 9% of mental health status. Conclusion Some physical fitness components determine elderly health status, especially the physical dimension. Thus, for the elderly population the training of these components of the physical fitness is recommended in order to improve their health status.

scholarly journals Effects of Dance Sports and Yoga Program on Body Composition, Physical Fitness, Blood Lipids and Liver Function Indicator in the Elderly

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-59
Author(s):  
Dong-Hoon Yoo
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Liver Function ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Blood Lipids ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The Body ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Yoga Group

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of dance sports and yoga program on body composition, physical fitness, blood lipids and liver function indicator in the elderly.METHODS: The subjects in this experiment were divided into the dance sports group (n=12, 6 male with age 70.83±5.23, 6 female with age 68.00±3.03) and the yoga group (n=12, 6 male with age 68.33±1.63, 6 female with age 67.33±2.50). The both exercise program were conducted once 60 minutes (warm-up: 10 minutes, main exercise: 40 minutes, cool-down: 10 minutes), twice a week for 15 weeks.RESULTS: The body composition, physical fitness, blood lipids and liver function indicator were found to have positive effects on all items in both groups without the significant interactions.CONCLUSIONS: We found that the 15-week dance sports and yoga program positively affects the improvement of flexibility, blood lipids and alanine aminotransferase. Therefore, long-term regular use of both dance sports and yoga programs is considered to be beneficial for the improvement and maintenance of physical and physiology variables related to the elderly’s health.

scholarly journals Variações hemodinâmicas em idosas pré e pós-exercícios em hidroginástica

2017 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vicente Pinheiro Lima ◽  
Rodolfo de Alkmim Moreira Nunes ◽  
Juliana Brandão Pinto de Castro ◽  
Cainã da Costa Souza ◽  
Fernando Augusto Barros Rodrigues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Pressure Control ◽  
Acute Effect ◽  
The Body ◽  
Double Product ◽  
Hemodynamic Variables ◽  
Before And After

Introdução:O envelhecimento está relacionado a uma série de alterações no organismo, como redução das capacidades fisiológicas respiratória e circulatória, e aumento da hipertensão arterial sistêmica. Entretanto, a prática de atividade física pode melhorar a saúde do idoso e o controle da pressão arterial. Dentre as atividades físicas procuradas por idosos, está a hidroginástica.Objetivo: Avaliar as variáveis hemodinâmicas em idosas pré e pós-aula de hidroginástica.Métodos: Estudo observacional transversal. Participaram do estudo 10 idosas praticantes de hidroginástica. O critério de inclusão foi estar na prática de hidroginástica há mais de seis meses com, no mínimo, duas sessões de treinamento por semana. Foram coletados dados de frequência cardíaca e pressão arterial sistólica e diastólica, antes e após a aula de hidroginástica, com duração de 60 minutos, composta de aquecimento, parte principal e volta à calma, realizando movimentos articulares dos ombros, cotovelos, coluna, quadris e joelhos, alongamentos para os músculos dos membros superiores e inferiores e coluna de forma estática, seguido de exercícios estacionários e em movimento.Resultados: A amostra apresentou média de idade de 67,5±4,28 anos e média de Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC) de 27,37±2,89 kg/m2. Foram encontradas diferenças significativas na pressão arterial sistólica (PAS) (148±21,97 mmHg; p=0,029), na frequência cardíaca (FC) (94,5±12,08 bpm; p<0,001) e no duplo produto (DP) (13793±2781,38 mmHg. bpm; p<0,001) entre pré e pós-aula de hidroginástica.Conclusão: A atividade de hidroginástica praticada por idosos pode elevar a pressão arterial em mulheres idosas, principalmente a PAS, além de elevar a FC e o DP, indicando uma maior sobrecarga cardíaca como efeito agudo.Hemodynamic Variations in Elderly before and after Exercises in HydrogymnasticsIntroduction: Aging leads to a number of changes in the body, such as reduced physiological capacities (respiratory and circulatory) and increased systemic arterial hypertension. However, the practice of physical activity can improve the health and the blood pressure control of the elderly. Hydrogimnasctics is among the physical activities sought by the elderly.Objective: To evaluate the hemodynamic variables in the elderly before and after the hydrogymnastics class.Methods: This was an observational and seccional study. The sample consisted of 10 elderly women practicing hydrogymnastics. The participants practiced hydrogymnastics for more than 6 months with at least two training sessions per week. Heart rate and blood pressure data were collected before and after the 60-minute hydrogymnastics session, composed of warming up, main part and cool-down, performing joint movements of the shoulders, elbows, spine, hips and knees, stretches to upper and lower limb muscles and column, statically, followed by stationary and moving exercises.Objective: To evaluate the hemodynamic variables in the elderly before and after the hydrogymnastics class.Results: The sample presented mean of age of 67.5±4.28 years and mean of Body Mass Index (BMI) of 27.37±2.89 kg/m2. Significant differences were found in the measurement of systolic blood pressure (SBP) (148 ± 21.97 mmHg; p=0.029), heart rate (HR) (94.5 ± 12.08 bpm; p<0.001) and double product (DP) (13793 ± 2781.38 mmHg.bpm; p<0.001) after the hydrogymnastics class.Conclusion: The hydrogymnastic activity practiced by the elderly can increase the blood pressure, especially the SBP, HR and increase the DP, indicating a greater cardiac load as an acute effect.

scholarly journals Association between Resting Heart Rate and Health-Related Physical Fitness in Brazilian Adolescents

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Augusto Santos Silva ◽  
Tiago Rodrigues de Lima ◽  
Mark Stephen Tremblay
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Public Schools ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Aerobic Fitness ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Resting Heart Rate ◽  
Health Related

The aim of this study was to identify the relationship between health-related physical fitness components (aerobic fitness, muscle strength, flexibility, and body fat) and resting heart rate (RHR) in Brazilian adolescents. The study included 695 schoolchildren (14–19 years) from public schools of the city of São José, Brazil. RHR was evaluated using an automated oscillometric sphygmomanometer. Aerobic fitness was assessed by the modified Canadian Aerobic Fitness Test; muscle strength was measured by handgrip dynamometer; flexibility was assessed by the sit-and-reach test; and body fat was assessed indirectly by sum of two skinfold thicknesses (triceps and subscapular). Sociodemographic variables, habitual physical activity, sexual maturation, and body mass index were the covariates. Cardiorespiratory fitness (β = -0.11; 95%CI: -0.14, -0.08) and handgrip strength (β = -0.10; 95%CI: -0.18, -0.01) were inversely associated with RHR in boys. For girls, cardiorespiratory fitness (β = -0.09; 95%CI: -0.12, -0.06) was inversely associated with RHR. In both sexes, body fat (β = 0.50; 95%CI: 0.25, 0.75 for boys; β = 0.17; 95%CI: 0.36, 2.72 for girls) was directly associated with RHR. The RHR is measured more easily than the physical fitness tests, so it is recommended to assess adolescent’s heath in large surveillance systems.

THE ASSESSMENT OF PHYSICAL FITNESS LEVEL, THE FUNCTIONAL STATUS AND THE SOCIAL FEATURES OF THE ELDERLY THAT DECIDED TO ENGAGE IN PHYSICAL EXERCISES

2021 ◽  
pp. 122-127
Author(s):  
О.В. Гусева ◽  
Н.Г. Жукова
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Functional Status ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The Body ◽  
Excess Body Weight ◽  
Fitness Level ◽  
Physical Exercises ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Features

Для сохранения активного долголетия пожилого человека необходима адекватная, индивидуально подобранная с помощью комплексной оценки физического состояния, функционального статуса и социальных характеристик, физическая нагрузка. В исследование была включена 121 женщина (средний возраст 66,77±5,37 года), пожелавшая заниматься в группе здоровья. У участников исследования выясняли профессиональный, социальный и спортивный анамнез, наличие заболеваний, проводили объективный осмотр, функциональные тесты (Штанге, ортостатический, 6-минутной ходьбы, «Встань и иди»). Выявлено, что 75,21 % участников исследования имели в анамнезе артериальную гипертензию. Нормальный тип реакции по САД определен у 71,07 % человек, по показателям ДАД - у 84,29 %. ИМТ соответствовал избыточной массе тела. Показатели динамометрии, спирометрии были снижены, но не являлись критическими. Показатели динамометрии справа и слева были взаимосвязаны с возрастом (R=-0,33; p<0,01; R=-0,31; p<0,01). Значения тестов «Встань и иди» и 6-минутной ходьбы оценены как нормальные. При ортопедическом осмотре выявлено наличие плоскостопия и сколиоза. 91,73 % пенсионеров не работали. Причиной выхода на пенсию для большинства участников исследования явилось сокращение штатов в возрасте около 60 лет, что не соответствует удовлетворительному функциональному состоянию участников исследования. Поэтому на сегодняшний день актуальными являются программы по частичной трудовой занятости пожилых людей, по переобучению лиц старше 50 лет по программам «50+» и по физической культуре этих двух групп. For the sake of maintaining active longevity of the elderly the adequate, individually selected physical activity, that was get after the integrated assessment of physical fitness level, the functional status and the social features, is necessary. 121 women (mean age 66,77±5,37) who decided to engage in physical exercises were included in the study. For every participant professional, social and sport anamnesis, the presence of illnesses, the clinical information and the functional tests (Stange, orthostatic, «6 minutes walking», «Up and go») were evaluated. Was get, that 75,21 % participants of the study had hypertension. The normal type of systolic blood pressure reaction during orthostatic test was present in 71,07 % people, by diastolic blood pressure - in 84,29 % people. The body mass index corresponded to the excess body weight. The indices of the grip strength, spirometry were decreased, but were not critical. The indices of the grip right and left arm correlated with age (R=-0,33; p<0,01; R=-0,31; p<0,01). The results of the tests «Up and Go» and «6 minutes walking» were evaluated as normal. The orthopedic examination has revealed the flatfoot and scoliosis. 91,73 % of the retired individuals did not have a job. Cause of retirement for the majority of patients were stuff cuts after the age 60, which was not in accordance with the satisfactory physical state of the participants of the investigation. Therefore, nowadays the questions of part-time employment of the elderly and re-education of the people with the age «50+», together with the development of physical exercise programs are of great importance.

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