What if the Huns Come? Imperial Britain’s Attitude Towards Nigerians’ Enthusiasm for Military Service During the Second World War, 1939–1942

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 838-857 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Nwafor Mordi
Keyword(s):  
Significant Role ◽  
Military Service ◽  
White Supremacy ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Conventional Wisdom ◽  
World War ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Second World

In this article, Britain’s attitude towards Nigerians’ voluntary enlistment as combatants during the Second World War is studied. The historical method is deployed to interrogate previously untapped archival sources on the subject. Against the conventional wisdom, this micro-study posits Britain’s rebuff of Nigerians’ voluntary enlistment in order to preserve white supremacy by not arming and deploying Africans to fight Europeans. Nigerians protested the British treatment of the war as a white man’s war in which Africans had no significant role to play. Pressure on British manpower necessitated a policy reversal. Conscription was, thus, not due to Africans’ refusal to fight for Britain.

‘Sufficient Reinforcements Overseas’: British PostWar Troops' Recruiting Policy in Nigeria, 1945–53

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 823-844
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Nwafor Mordi
Keyword(s):  
Second World War ◽  
South East Asia ◽  
Law And Order ◽  
World War ◽  
Colonial State ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Overseas Deployment ◽  
Second World

This article critically examines Britain's postwar recruitment policy in Nigeria, 1945–53. It is a subject that has not been studied by scholars. As the Second World War drew to a close, the Nigerian colonial military had declared that it had sufficient illiterate, ‘pagan’ infantrymen of northern Nigerian ‘tribal,’ including Tiv, origin to meet any but unforeseen demands of troops for service in the South East Asia Command (SEAC). Yet, recruitment of the same category of infantrymen, as well as ex-servicemen, was resumed after the war. The critical/analytic historical method is deployed to interrogate Nigerian and British archival sources on the subject. The study shows that, unlike the case of the High Commission Territories Corps (HCTC), Nigeria's postwar recruitment was not meant for overseas deployment. It was primarily driven by Britain's objectives of restoring the army to its pre-war role of enforcing colonial law and order in furtherance of its resolve to maintain its colonial state in Nigeria despite postwar militant nationalism.

Hendrik Draye, tegenstander van de uitvoering van de doodstraf

2006 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-152
Author(s):  
Luc Vandeweyer
Keyword(s):  
Death Penalty ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Penal Policy ◽  
Catholic University ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The University ◽  
Second World ◽  
Young Professor

Hendrik Draye, opponent of the carrying out of the death penaltyIn this annotated and extensively contextualised source edition, Luc Vandeweyer deals with the period of repression after the Second World War. In June 1948, after the execution of two hundred collaboration-suspects in Belgium, the relatively young linguistics professor at the Catholic University of Leuven, Hendrik Draye, proposed, on humanitarian grounds, a Manifesto against the carrying out of the death penalty. Some colleagues, as well as some influential personalities outside the university, reacted positively; some colleagues were rather hesitant; most of them rejected the text. In the end, the initiative foundered because of the emphatic dissuasion by the head of university, who wanted to protect his university and, arguably, the young professor Draeye. The general public’s demand for revenge had not yet abated by then; moreover, the unstable government at that time planned a reorientation of the penal policy, which made a polarization undesirable. Nevertheless, Luc Vandeweyer concludes, "the opportunity for an important debate on the subject had been missed".

scholarly journals Per Ravenna trecentesca: nuove proposte per l’assetto architettonico di Santa Maria in Porto Fuori

2019 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-31
Author(s):  
Fabio Massaccesi
Keyword(s):  
Fourteenth Century ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
The Subject ◽  
First Time ◽  
Santa Maria ◽  
Second World ◽  
The Church

Abstract This contribution intends to draw attention to one of the most significant monuments of medieval Ravenna: the church of Santa Maria in Porto Fuori, which was destroyed during the Second World War. Until now, scholars have focused on the pictorial cycle known through photographs and attributed to the painter Pietro da Rimini. However, the architecture of the building has not been the subject of systematic studies. For the first time, this essay reconstructs the fourteenth-century architectural structure of the church, the apse of which was rebuilt by 1314. The data that led to the virtual restitution of the choir and the related rood screen are the basis for new reflections on the accesses to the apse area, on the pilgrimage flows, and on the view of the frescoes.

scholarly journals Agency and Analogy in African History: the Contribution of Extra-Mural Studies in Ghana

2007 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 273-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate Skinner
Keyword(s):  
Second World War ◽  
Gold Coast ◽  
Academic Disciplines ◽  
African History ◽  
World War ◽  
Significant Extent ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Autobiographical Texts ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Second World

As the pioneering generation of postwar British academics retired, some produced autobiographical texts which revealed the personal circumstances and intellectual influences that brought them to the study of Africa. Edited volumes have also provided broader reflections on the academic disciplines, methodologies, and institutions through which these scholars engaged with the continent. In one such text, Christopher Clapham and Richard Hodder-Williams noted the special relationship between extramural studies (also known as university adult education) and the academic study of Africa's mass nationalist movements:The impetus for this study came to a remarkable degree from a tiny group of men and women who pioneered university extra-mural studies in the Gold Coast immediately after the [Second World War], and to a significant extent established the parameters for subsequent study of the subject [African politics]. Gathered together under the aegis of Thomas Hodgkin […], they were led by David Kimble […], and included among the tutors Dennis Austin, Lalage Bown and Bill Tordoff, all of whom were to play a major role in African studies in the United Kingdom over the next forty years.

scholarly journals Volksraad (People Council): Radicale Concentratie Political Arena and National Fraction, 1918-1942

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 166
Author(s):  
Nazirwan Rohmadi ◽  
Warto Warto
Keyword(s):  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Political Arena ◽  
East Indies ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
Great Pressure ◽  
Dutch East Indies ◽  
Second World ◽  
Legislative Institutions

This paper discusses the legislative institutions callled Volksraad established by the Dutch East Indies, which further used by the nationalist-moderate to achieve the national  independence of Indonesia. Historical method was used in this research. The historical method is distinguished into several stages, namely heuristic, critic, analysis, and historiography. Indonesia’s political figures established Radicale Concentratie to unite in order to achieve independence. Radicale Concentratie put a great pressure on the Dutch East Indies government. Radicale Concentratie no longer operated because of some conflicts that occurred among its members and the arrests done by the Dutch East Indies government. Radicale Concentratie’s struggle was continued by National Fraction which was established on 27 January 1930. The proposition of National Fraction that was fulfilled was the change in the nomenclatur of Indlander to Indonesisch. National Fraction often turned down the budget plan proposed by the Governor-General in preparing for the Second World War. This is because the Dutch East Indies fleet was funded by Indonesian taxes and the taxes were planned to be increased in order to win the war.

scholarly journals Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar dengan Metode Contextual Teaching Learning pada Mata Pelajaran Sejarah

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Esmeria Pasaribu
Keyword(s):  
World History ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Contextual Teaching ◽  
Teaching Learning ◽  
Second World ◽  
Passing Score ◽  
Test Result

This research’s subject is 36 person of students at class of Social Science-3 grade XII, as the research’s object is the method of Contextual Teaching Learning.  The instrument of collecting data are the questionaire and the students score list . Based on pre test result to the 36 students, shows that 28 who obtained low score predicated ‘not passed’ as had not yet achieved Minimal Passing Score of 70, while the rest of 8 passed by obtaining the passing score. In the first cycle, there were 16 of student passed by obtaining the passing score of 70, whereas the rest of 20 were not passed by did not obtaining the passing score. In the second cycle there were 34 of students passed the test while the rest of 2 students were not passed the test. By based on several results of pre test, post test of the first cycle, and post test of the second cycle, indicated increasing the result of teaching-learning significantly. Therefore, could be concluded that using the method of Contextual Teaching Learning can be increase achievement of student learning at the subject of history on the subject matter of Analising Development of World History and Position of Indonesia in the middle of International Politic and Eco-nomic Changing post Second World War.

Continental Naval Doctrines Between the Wars. The Impact of German Naval Experience on the Italian Navy (1919-1943)

2021 ◽  
pp. 096834452110434
Author(s):  
Fabio De Ninno
Keyword(s):  
Second World War ◽  
Early Years ◽  
World War ◽  
Weapon Systems ◽  
Profound Influence ◽  
The First World War ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Second World ◽  
First World

During the interwar era, German naval history and naval doctrine exercised a profound influence on the development of the Italian Navy. The subject is relevant to understand how continental sea powers naval doctrines developed after the First World War, attempting to integrate new weapon systems to overcome the previous limits of the Fleet in being strategy. Italian naval thinkers incorporated the lessons offered by their German counterparts, preparing to repeat many of their mistakes, which explained in part the failures of Italian sea power in the early years of the Second World War.

SOVIET PRISONERS OF WAR IN GERMANY, 1941–1945 – AN UNDESIRABLE TOPIC FOR GERMAN SOCIETY?

2021 ◽  
pp. 105-116
Author(s):  
Valeriy P. Ljubin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
German Society ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Prisoners Of War ◽  
Civil Society Organizations ◽  
Concentration Camps ◽  
Documentary Films ◽  
World War ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Second World

In German and Russian historiography, the tragic fate of the Soviet prisoners of war in Germany during the Second World War has not been suffi- ciently explored. Very few researchers have addressed this topic in recent times. In the contemporary German society, the subject remains obscured. There are attempts to reflect this tragedy in documentary films. The author analyses the destiny of the documentary film “Keine Kameraden”, which was shot in 2011 and has not yet been shown on the German television. It tells the story of the Soviet prisoners of war, most of whom died in the Nazi concentration camps in 1941– 1945. The personal history of some of the Soviet soldiers who died in the German captivity is reflected, their lives before the war are described, and the relatives of the deceased and the surviving prisoners of war are interviewed. The film features the German historians who have written books about the Soviet prisoners. All the attempts taken by the civil society organizations and the historians to influence the German public opinion so that the film could be shown on German television to a wider audience were unsuccessful. The film was seen by the viewers in Italy on the state channel RAI 3. Even earlier, in 2013, the film was shown in Russia on the channel “Kultura” and received the Pushkin Prize.

Military Service and Canadian Army Suicides of the Second World War, 1939–44

2021 ◽  
pp. e20200008
Author(s):  
William J. Pratt
Keyword(s):  
Military Service ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Canadian Army ◽  
Total War ◽  
Individual Agency ◽  
Difficult Time ◽  
Military Mobilization ◽  
The Many ◽  
Second World

Over 230 Canadian Army soldiers took their own lives during the Second World War. For many, soldiering seems to have exacerbated stresses and depressions. Their suicide notes and the testimony of family, officers, and bunkmates reveal that wartime disturbance was an important section of the complex array of reasons why. In attempts to explain the motivations for their tragic final actions, the instabilities brought by the Second World War and the stresses of military mobilization must be added to the many biological, social, psychological and circumstantial factors revealed by the proceedings of courts of inquiry. Major military risk factors include: access to firearms, suppression of individual agency, and disruption of the protective networks of friends and family. Some Canadians had a difficult time adjusting to military discipline and authority and were frustrated by their inability to succeed by the measures set by the army. Suicide motivations are complex and it may be too simplistic to say that the Second World War caused these deaths, however, it is not too far to say that the war was a factor in their final motivations. Some men, due to the social pressures and constructs of masculine duty, signed up for active service despite previously existing conditions which should have excused them. Revisiting these traumas can expose the difficulties that some Canadians experienced during mobilization for total war. Many brought deep personal pain with them as they entered military service and for some, the disruptions, frustrations, and anxieties of life in khaki were too great to bear. Like their better-known colleagues who died on the battlefield, they too are casualties of the Second World War.

Henry Rollet. La Pologne au XXe siècle. Paris: Pedone. 1985. Pp. 604.

2004 ◽  
pp. 345-351
Author(s):  
Józef Lewandowski
Keyword(s):  
Second World War ◽  
Careful Attention ◽  
World War ◽  
Second Republic ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Second World

This chapter assesses Henry Rollet's La Pologne au XX siècle (1985). This recently published history of contemporary Poland by the outstanding French historian Henry Rollet deserves careful attention both for its grasp of the subject and its discussion concerning nationalism in general and Jewish nationalism in particular. The book consists of four chronological sections: ‘Towards Independence’ (Poland to 1918); ‘The Second Republic’ (the inter-war period); ‘Poland during the Second World War’; and ‘The “People's Democracy”.’ In the presentation of the events down to 1918, the most noticeable observation is Rollet's view that until 1876, the Poles were best off under Prussian occupation. Another statement which also provides much food for thought is that during the liberal period, voluntary, spontaneous Germanization made consistent progress.

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