Evolution of Aesthetic Dentistry

One of the main goals of dental treatment is to mimic teeth and design smiles in a most natural and aesthetic manner, based on the individual and specific needs of the patient. Possibilities to reach that goal have significantly improved over the last decade through new and specific treatment modalities, steadily enhanced and more aesthetic dental materials, and novel techniques and technologies. This article gives an overview of the evolution of aesthetic dentistry over the past 100 y from a historical point of view and highlights advances in the development of dental research and clinical interventions that have contributed the science and art of aesthetic dentistry. Among the most noteworthy advancements over the past decade are the establishment of universal aesthetic rules and guidelines based on the assessment of natural aesthetic parameters, anatomy, and physiognomy; the development of tooth whitening and advanced restorative as well as prosthetic materials and techniques, supported by the pioneering discovery of dental adhesion; the significant progress in orthodontics and periodontal as well as oral and maxillofacial surgery; and, most recently, the implementation of digital technologies in the 3-dimensional planning and realization of truly natural, individual, and aesthetic smiles. In the future, artificial intelligence and machine learning will likely lead to automation of aesthetic evaluation, smile design, and treatment-planning processes.

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Orthognathic Surgery in a Patient with Multiple Sclerosis

The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice ◽

10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1713 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 16 (6) ◽

pp. 507-511

Author(s):

Saleh A Al-Bazie

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Surgical Procedures ◽

Orthognathic Surgery ◽

Dental Treatment ◽

Maxillofacial Surgery ◽

Neurological Dysfunction ◽

Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽

Inflammatory Disorder ◽

Prophylactic Regimen ◽

Acute Exacerbations

ABSTRACT Aim The aim of this paper was to report a case of orthognathic surgery successfully done in a patient with multiple sclerosis. Background Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, progressive inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system affecting young adults, characterized by lymphocytic infiltration of the brain and spinal cord leading to demyelination and focal axonal damage. Clinically, MS patients present with reversible neurological dysfunction in the early stages, which progresses to irreversible neurological disability and deficit. Oral manifestations of MS include facial numbness or pain, neuralgias, facial paralysis, dysarthria and dysphagia. While dental treatment is not contraindicated in MS patients, it is, however, limited to preventive and supportive dental care. Case description A 23-year-old Saudi male patient with a diagnosis of MS since 2008 reported to the oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMFS) department for correction of dentofacial deformity. The patient was under follow-up with the neurology department and was being treated with interferon beta-1a. Following consent from the neurologist and the patient, a Lefort 1 segmental osteotomy was done under general anesthesia. The patient was stable throughout the surgical procedure and during the postoperative period. The patient was discharged upon complete surgical recovery and no acute exacerbations of MS were reported during the perioperative period. Conclusion Based on our observations, orthognathic and maxillofacial surgical procedures can be safely carried out in patients with MS, provided a strict perioperative prophylactic regimen for stress reduction and prevention of acute attacks of MS is adhered to. Clinical significance Due to the stressful nature of dental treatment and oral and maxillofacial surgical procedures, acute exacerbations of MS are very much likely. Hence, it is imperative that dental and oral surgical practitioners are aware of the manifestations of MS and are able to manage such patients with suitable treatment modifications. How to cite this article Al-Bazie SA. Orthognathic Surgery in a Patient with Multiple Sclerosis. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(6):507-511.

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A szellemi fogyatékosok fogászati-szájsebészeti ellátásának múltja, jelene és remélt jövője Magyarországon

Orvosi Hetilap ◽

10.1556/650.2019.31475 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 160 (35) ◽

pp. 1380-1386

Author(s):

Ilona Szmirnova ◽

Emese Gellérd ◽

Gábor Tamás Pintér ◽

György Szmirnov ◽

Zsolt Németh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dental Care ◽

Oral Surgery ◽

Demographic Data ◽

Maxillofacial Surgery ◽

Mental Disability ◽

Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽

Disabled People ◽

Care Needs ◽

Mentally Disabled ◽

The Past

Abstract: Introduction: Dental care for mentally disabled people poses a growing challenge for healthcare. In Hungary, the number of mentally disabled people needing special dental care is ca. 100 000. Aim: The aim of our retrospective analysis is to provide a summary of the demographic data and the treatment outcomes of patients with mental disorders treated at the Department of the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of the Semmelweis University in the past five years. Method: Dental care for patients with a severe level of mental disability can be carried out in general anaesthesia only. At Semmelweis University, in the Oral and Maxillofacial Department, 1717 mentally disabled adults received dental care during the past five years. (Patients included people with a mild, medium or severe level of mental disability, patients with Down’s syndrome, autism, epilepsy or panic disorder.) Results: The single biggest achievement seems to be the fact that the issue of acute dental care and oral surgery has basically been settled. A workable relationship has been forged with foundations and organizations dealing with the problems of these patients. It has been realized, however, that in the case of mentally disabled patients there is an enormous need for prevention and ongoing care. Conclusions: Up to now no survey has been carried out in Hungary with the aim of objectively revealing the dental care needs of these patients. Internationally, however, several surveys have been published. It can be stated on the basis of these that both caries frequency and the presence of parodontal diseases increase in correlation with age and the level of disability. Oral hygiene is insufficient, patients or their caretakers do not get proper information, only a few of them receive adequate training and they are not motivated to keep up oral health. Dental care, except for tending acute cases, is not satisfactory. For the sake of prevention, cooperation is needed with non-governmental organizations, foundations, special education teachers and psychiatrists specialized in this field. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(35): 1380–1386.

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Lower Lip Reconstruction Using Unilateral Nasolabial Gate Flap (Fujimori Technique)

Acta Medica Marisiensis ◽

10.2478/amma-2013-0009 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 59 (1) ◽

pp. 40-43 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Alina Iacob ◽

Bálint Bögözi

Keyword(s):

Maxillofacial Surgery ◽

Point Of View ◽

Medium Size ◽

Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽

Reconstructive Procedures ◽

Lower Lip ◽

Lip Reconstruction ◽

Oncological Treatment ◽

Level I ◽

The Aesthetic

Abstract Background: In the medical literature there are multiple reconstructive procedures for small and medium size defects of the lower lip, but only a few methods for larger defects involving the whole lower lip. Choosing the repairing procedure for larger lower lip defects must take into account two aspects: flap or flaps used should be local flaps, and suture lines should correspond to the natural facial creases or follow the functional lines of different facial aesthetic units. Finally, the flap or flaps should be large enough to restore the entire postexcisional defect. However, the more tissue is lost from the lower lip, the more challenging the reconstruction is from a functional and cosmetic point of view. Material and methods: During the last 2 years in the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department of the County Emergency Clinical Hospital in Tîrgu Mureș, the unilateral Fujimori technique has been successfully used for the reconstruction of large lower lip defects in 4 patients with extended, neglected squamous cell carcinomas involving almost the whole lower lip tissue. These patients underwent complex surgical and oncological treatment. Surgery was performed in two stages: first, excision of the tumor and immediate lip reconstruction, and then removal of submandibular lymph nodes (level I), in the second stage. Results: The aesthetic and functional recovery of these patients was very good, with no need of other subsequent surgical corrections. Conclusions: The postoperative reconstruction of large defects of the lower lip is far from optimal, but it is very important to restore an adequate muscle function, the lip continence and a satisfactory facial appearance.

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Utility of Photodynamic Therapy in Dentistry: Current Concepts

Dentistry Journal ◽

10.3390/dj8020043 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 43

Author(s):

Anette Stájer ◽

Szilvia Kajári ◽

Márió Gajdács ◽

Aima Musah-Eroje ◽

Zoltán Baráth

Keyword(s):

Photodynamic Therapy ◽

Clinical Success ◽

Maxillofacial Surgery ◽

Treatment Method ◽

Treatment Modalities ◽

Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽

Invasive Treatment ◽

Advantages And Disadvantages ◽

Non Invasive ◽

Wide Range

The significant growth in scientific and technological advancements within the field of dentistry has resulted in a wide range of novel treatment modalities for dentists to use. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an emerging, non-invasive treatment method, involving photosensitizers, light of a specific wavelength and the generation of singlet oxygen and reactive oxygen species (ROS) to eliminate unwanted eukaryotic cells (e.g., malignancies in the oral cavity) or pathogenic microorganisms. The aim of this review article is to summarize the history, general concepts, advantages and disadvantages of PDT and to provide examples for current indications of PDT in various subspecialties of dentistry (oral and maxillofacial surgery, oral medicine, endodontics, preventive dentistry, periodontology and implantology), in addition to presenting some images from our own experiences about the clinical success with PDT.

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The Past, Present, and Future of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery—Some Details in Europe

Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery ◽

10.1016/j.joms.2009.06.023 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 68 (2) ◽

pp. 491-494 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Poramate Pitak-Arnnop ◽

Ute Bauer ◽

Andre Chaine ◽

Alexander Hemprich ◽

Chloe Bertolus

Keyword(s):

Maxillofacial Surgery ◽

Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽

The Past

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Comparison of functional outcome after open and closed reduction of mandibular subcondylar fracture

Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association ◽

10.47391/jpma.1263 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-12

Author(s):

Samira Shabbir Balouch ◽

Rana Sohail ◽

Sadia Awais ◽

Riaz Ahmad Warraich ◽

Mir Ibrahim Sajid

Keyword(s):

Internal Fixation ◽

Closed Reduction ◽

Open Reduction ◽

Maxillofacial Surgery ◽

Mouth Opening ◽

Treatment Modalities ◽

Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽

Subcondylar Fracture ◽

Group A ◽

Group B

Abstract Objective: To compare open reduction with internal fixation of mandibular subcondylar fracture with closed reduction in terms of adequate mouth opening. Method: The randomised clinical trial was conducted from March 2014 to February 2015 at the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, King Edward Medical University and Allied Hospitals, Lahore, Pakistan, and comprised patients who presented with unilateral subcondylar fractures. The patients were randomly divided into 2 groups. Group-A patients were treated with closed reduction and immobilisation and were discharged the same day, while Group-B patients were treated by open reduction with internal fixation and retained in ward for 1 day. Both were recalled for periodic follow-ups, and were compared in terms of achieving adequate mouth opening. Data was analysed using SPSS 20. Results: Of the 70 patients, 35(50%) were in each of the two groups. The mean age in Group-A was 28.88±11.86 years compared to 28.22±10.80 years in Group-B (p>0.05). Mean mouth opening in the two groups were consistently positive, and significant at the last two follow-ups(p<0.001). Conclusion: The difference in results of both treatment modalities was significant, indicating that open reduction and internal fixation should be the preferred treatment. Key Words: Mandibular sub-condylar fracture, Open reduction, Closed reduction, Internal fixation, Mouth opening.

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Retrospective Study of Autologous Blood Transfusion for Patients with Jaw Deformities During the Past 5 Years in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery at Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU) Dental Hospital

The Japanese Journal of Jaw Deformities ◽

10.5927/jjjd.24.53 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

pp. 53-62

Author(s):

TAKESHI OKAMURA ◽

KAZUTO KUROHARA ◽

YUTAKA SATO ◽

HIROYUKI YOSHITAKE ◽

KOUICHI NAKAKUKI ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Retrospective Study ◽

Blood Transfusion ◽

Autologous Blood ◽

Maxillofacial Surgery ◽

Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽

Autologous Blood Transfusion ◽

The Past ◽

Dental Hospital ◽

Tokyo Medical

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Oxford Handbook of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

10.1093/med/9780198767817.001.0001 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Luke Cascarini ◽

Clare Schilling ◽

Ben Gurney ◽

Peter Brennan

Keyword(s):

Maxillofacial Surgery ◽

Dental Materials ◽

Training Programme ◽

Dental Students ◽

Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽

Junior Doctors ◽

Reference Guide ◽

Surgical Trainees ◽

Specialist Nurses ◽

Current Guidelines

This new edition of Oxford Handbook of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery has been fully updated to cover the current guidelines and research in the field of OMFS. Splitting vital knowledge into sections based on clinical areas, this handbook uses bulleted lists and summary boxes to make the information easily searchable. Chapters on ‘in the clinic’, ‘in the theatre’, and ‘on the ward’ cover all common complaints and presentations that the reader can expect to encounter in their daily activities, and a dedicated section to emergencies provides clear advice. Common drugs and dental materials are covered as a quick reference guide. With OMFS now part of the Core Training programme for surgical trainees, the handbook ensures a solid grasp of the basics and fundamentals to help support decision making for junior doctors, dental foundation trainees, specialist nurses, and medical and dental students.

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Prevalence and pattern of oral and maxillofacial trauma in Chhattisgarh- A retrospective study

IP International Journal of Maxillofacial Imaging ◽

10.18231/j.ijmi.2021.024 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 131-134

Author(s):

Sushmita Batra ◽

Surabhi Singhai ◽

Pramod Krishna B ◽

Rajdeep Singh ◽

Sushant Soni

Keyword(s):

Maxillofacial Surgery ◽

The Body ◽

Maxillofacial Trauma ◽

Treatment Modalities ◽

Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽

Mandibular Fractures ◽

High Morbidity ◽

Maxillofacial Injuries ◽

Facial Region ◽

Clinical Records

Maxillofacial trauma is any physical trauma to the facial region, commonly encountered by maxillofacial surgeons, and is often associated with high morbidity and so constitute quite a significant portion of the workload of the oral and maxillofacial surgeon. Maxillofacial injuries can occur as an isolated injury or may be associated with multiple injuries in other parts of the body. To assess the patterns, etiology, and treatment modalities of maxillofacial trauma in a teaching hospital in central India, over a 12-year period. Patients with maxillofacial trauma were identified using the department database and clinical records. 264 patients were identified with maxillofacial trauma in the department of oral and maxillofacial surgery between January 2006 and December 2018. The study showed that there was a male preponderance in all age groups over female. Of the 264 patients with maxillofacial injuries, 83,33% had isolated lower face (mandibular) fractures, followed by midface fractures (10.60%) and panfacial fractures (6.06%). Road traffic accidents (87.12%) were the most common form of etiology for trauma followed by assaults (10.98%). Most trauma were treated with open reduction internal fixation (89%) than closed reduction (11%). The etiology and pattern of maxillofacial injuries reflect the trauma patterns within the community and can thus provide a guide to help design programs toward prevention and treatment.

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