Broken Home or Drug using Peers: “Significant Relations”?

2002 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 467-490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan Quensel ◽  
Paul McArdle ◽  
Aoife Brinkley ◽  
Auke Wiegersma ◽  
M. Blom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Gender Role ◽  
Family Structure ◽  
Risk Behavior ◽  
Deviant Behavior ◽  
Peer Group ◽  
Single Mother ◽  
Group Behavior ◽  
Intact Family ◽  
Composite Risk

This study reports the results of a comparative survey with representative samples of 3,386 school attending youths, most of whom were 15 years of age and residing in five European cities. We found significant but low correlations between the type of family structure (intact family, model family, dual career houshold, single mother) and five forms of deviant behavior (tobacco smoking, cannabis use, delinquency, general drug use and a composite risk behavior scale). These correlations will be displaced by very high correlations with the level of drug using friends/peers. A number of differences were found between the youth from different cities in relation to these concerns. Results indicate differences among the cities in terms of the youths' relationships with drug use/deviance/risky behavior and family structure, gender role, and peer group behavior. This suggests that the cultural meanings associated with family, gender role, peer group, and risk behavior influence deviant outcomes.

Family Type Predicts Mental Health Problems in Young Adults: A Survey of Students at a University in Botswana

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kennedy Amone-P'Olak ◽  
Boniface Kealeboga Ramotuana
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Single Mother ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Family Type ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Intact Family ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Family Types

In Africa, the structure of the family is changing rapidly. The effects of this change on mental health remain unknown. This study investigated the extent to which different family types (intact, single-mother, and multiple) predict mental health problems in young adults in Botswana (N = 264, mean age = 21.31, SD = 2.40). In a cross-sectional design, the study sampled students registered at various faculties at the University of Botswana. The revised symptoms checklist (SCL-90-R) was used to assess symptoms of mental health problems (depression, anxiety and hostility). Binary logistic regression analyses were performed to obtain odds ratios (ORs) and 95 per cent confidence intervals (CIs) of mental health problems for mother-only and multiple family types relative to the intact family type. Compared to the intact family type, single-mother (OR = 2.34; 95% CI: 1.21, 4.51) and multiple family types (OR = 1.56; CI: 0.88, 2.78) were associated with an increased risk of depression. For anxiety, the ORs were 2.27 (CI: 1.18, 4.38) and 1.10 (CI: 0.56, 1.82) for single-mother and multiple family types respectively. For hostility, the ORs were 2.60 (CI: 1.34, 5.04), and 0.79 (CI: 0.44, 1.42) for single-mother and multiple family types, respectively. Family types predict mental health problems in young adults and therefore the interventions to mitigate the effects should consider family backgrounds and the ramifications of family types for treatment and care.

Effects of Case Management on Drug Users' Risky Sex

1998 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
DOUGLAS LONGSHORE ◽  
SUSAN TURNER ◽  
M. DOUGLAS ANGLIN
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Case Management ◽  
Risk Behavior ◽  
Problem Behaviors ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Unprotected Sex ◽  
Hiv Risk Behavior ◽  
Favorable Effect ◽  
Street Crime ◽  
Management Protocol

Case management for crime-involved drug users is designed mainly to reduce further drug use and crime but may also promote reductions in HIV risk behavior. In a five-site evaluation, the authors examined the effects of a case-management protocol known as Treatment Alternatives to Street Crime (TASC) on drug users' frequency of unprotected sex and frequency of sex while high on drugs and/or alcohol. At one site, case management had a favorable effect on the frequency of unprotected sex. At four sites, case management had a favorable effect on the frequency of sex while high. These effects were moderated by users' baseline level of risk behavior or history of related problem behaviors (drug use and criminal conduct). Implications for case management and drug use treatment are discussed.

Cocaine, kicks, and strain: patterns of substance use in Milwaukee gangs

1998 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. Hagedorn ◽  
Jose Torres ◽  
Greg Giglio
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Peer Group ◽  
Social Control Theory ◽  
Gang Members ◽  
Cocaine Use ◽  
Differential Association Theory ◽  
History Of ◽  
Family Variables ◽  
Female Gang Members

This study describes the patterns of substance use by male and female gang members in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, from their teenage years in the 1980s into adulthood. Milwaukee gangs started out as one form of neighborhood-based drug-using peer group. There was much variation in drug use, and family variables explained little of the variation. Male gang members raised in families with a history of gang involvement and drug use were more likely than other gang members to use cocaine and to use it seriously. On the other hand, severe family distress was not related to onset, duration, or seriousness of cocaine use in either males or females. Cocaine use for both males and females increased in adulthood. It appears that the etiology of adult and adolescent drug use may differ. Neither social control theory nor differential association theory is well suited to explain the variations in gang drug use by age or gender.

scholarly journals Sexual Risk Behavior and Drug Use in Two Chicago Samples of Men Who Have Sex with Men: 1997 vs. 2002

2010 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 452-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Fendrich ◽  
Mary Ellen Mackesy-Amiti ◽  
Timothy P. Johnson ◽  
Lance M. Pollack
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Risk Behavior ◽  
Sexual Risk ◽  
Sexual Risk Behavior ◽  
Sex With Men

scholarly journals Reginal features of modern narcotization in the Russian Federation

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-96
Author(s):  
E. V. Shul’gina
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Deviant Behavior ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Regional Features ◽  
Policy Measures ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
First Time ◽  
Illicit Drug Trafficking

The purpose of this work is to analyze regional characteristics of drug use in the Russian Federation in order to form a general picture of the spread of drug use in the country and to develop effective anti-drug policy measures that meet the challenges of the current drug situation. The regions of the Russian Federation that have, according to statistics, the maximum and minimum indicators of drug use are considered. The results of the analysis of current medical statistics (indicators for the number of people with the first-time established drug dependence syndrome, as well as the number of people with the first-time established diagnosis of “harmful (with harmful consequences) drug use”, the number of cases of acute drug poisoning, etc.), law enforcement statistics (indicators for the number of registered crimes in the field of illicit drug trafficking, the number of seized drugs, the structure of the most common drugs, etc.). A secondary analysis of specialized literature, as well as data from research conducted by the sector of sociology of deviant behavior of the Federal Center of Theoretical and Applied Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The problem of drug abuse in various regions of our country does not lose its urgency to this day. The presence of a huge territory that unites numerous regions that are diverse in their characteristics causes the polarization of indicators of drug use within the country. Based on the results of the work, conclusions were obtained about the most risky regional features in the drug sphere, as well as regional features that act as a kind of protective factors against the spread of drug use.

scholarly journals Is Family Structure Associated with Deviance Propensity during Adolescence? The Role of Family Climate and Anger Dysregulation

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (24) ◽  
pp. 9257
Author(s):  
Valeria Saladino ◽  
Oriana Mosca ◽  
Marco Lauriola ◽  
Lilli Hoelzlhammer ◽  
Cristina Cabras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family Structure ◽  
Aggressive Behavior ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Moral Disengagement ◽  
Deviant Behavior ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Family Climate ◽  
Multigroup Analysis ◽  
Indirect Relationship

Transgressive conduct and opposition towards the rules often characterize adolescence. During the development, antisocial and aggressive behavior could be a way to grow personally and to be independent. According to previous studies results, the family has a high impact on teens’ aggressive behaviors and moral disengagement. Our research involved 2328 Italian adolescents (13–19 years old) who have filled in the following questionnaires: deviant behavior questionnaire; aggression questionnaire; family communication scale; moral disengagement scale; the multidimensional scale of perceived social support. Our study investigated the role of family structure on deviance propensity through family climate and anger dysregulation joint influence. We conducted a mediation analysis to reach this goal using structural equation modeling (SEM). We have also conducted a multigroup analysis in order to evaluate gender differences in the SEM. Results showed that both family climate and anger dysregulation mediated the relationship between family structure and deviance propensity. The multigroup analysis revealed that the indirect relationship between variables through family climate is significant for both boys and girls (higher in females); variables indirect relationship through anger dysregulation was significant only for girls. These data could be useful for prevention and intervention programs on children–parent relationships and to reduce antisociality and teenager’s aggressive behavior.

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