Internal Migration, Social Exclusion, and Victimization

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 479-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hua Zhong ◽  
Jianhua Xu ◽  
Alex R. Piquero
Keyword(s):  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Urban Residents ◽  
Migrant Status ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Chinese Migrants ◽  
Urban Migrants ◽  
The Social ◽  
Urban Migrant ◽  
Labor Dynamics

Objectives: This article applies a multidimensional social exclusion framework to examine Chinese rural-to-urban migrant victimization. Method: Data from the 2012 China Labor Dynamics Survey is used to examine whether Chinese migrants are more likely to be victimized compared to urban residents and to what extent the prior findings on the meditating roles of social exclusion between immigration and victimization can be applied to understand Chinese migrants’ victimization. Results: Findings reveal the elevated victimization risks among nationwide rural-to-urban migrants. Logistic regression models find that social exclusion mediates the link between migrant status and victimization and that social exclusion predicts victimization. Conclusions: The discriminative institutional arrangements in China are a major force of the universal disadvantages of Chinese migrants. That is, it is not the migrant status itself, but the social exclusion suffered by individuals that increase the likelihood of being criminally victimized.

Pronominal resumption in Spanish direct object relative clauses

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-301
Author(s):  
Álvaro Cerrón-Palomino
Keyword(s):  
Social Factors ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Semantic Processing ◽  
Relative Clauses ◽  
Direct Object ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Resumptive Pronouns ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
The Social ◽  
Object Relative

Abstract This variationist study analyzes the linguistic and social factors constraining the alternation of resumptive pronouns (RPs) and gaps in direct object (DO) relative clauses (RCs) in the Peruvian Limeño variety. Using a number of mixed-effects (logistic regression) models in Rbrul, results reveal that the set of linguistic constraints favoring pronominal DO resumption does not coincide with those reported to promote subject and oblique RP presence in previous studies. Furthermore, when compared to their subject and oblique counterparts, DO RPs are constrained by a higher number of factors of syntactic, semantic, processing and pragmatic nature. I suggest that this sensitivity to a broader set of constraints is crucial in explaining why DO RPs are more frequent in RCs than subject and oblique RPs. With respect to the social factors analyzed, this study shows a lack of effect of gender, age and education on the speaker’s choice for the resumptive variant.

Children's Household Exposure to Guns: A Pediatric Practice-Based Survey

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 93 (3) ◽  
pp. 469-475
Author(s):  
Yvonne D. Senturia ◽  
Katherine Kaufer Christoffel ◽  
Mark Donovan
Keyword(s):  
South Carolina ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Sick Child ◽  
Outcome Measure ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Firearm Injuries ◽  
The Social ◽  
Self Protection ◽  
Geographical Locations

Guns in the home are a factor in pediatric unintentional and intentional firearm injuries, yet the patterns of ownership and use are unclear. Objectives. To describe the prevalence of firearms in households containing children who go to pediatricians, the types of firearms owned, the purposes of such ownership, the conditions of firearm storage, and the social correlates of ownership. Methods. Survey of parents attending 29 (urban, suburban, and rural) pediatric practices in Chicago, New Jersey, Houston, Utah, Georgia, Iowa, and South Carolina for well or sick child care during a 1-week study period. The main outcome measure was ownership of rifle/shotgun and/or handgun. Results. Gun ownership was reported by 37% of 5233 respondent families: rifles (26%), handguns (17%), and powder firearm (32%). Ownership varied significantly across practices and geographical locations. Thirteen percent of 823 handguns and 1% of 1327 rifles were reported both unlocked and loaded. Recreation was the most common reason for both rifle (75%) and handgun (59%) ownership; 48% of handguns were kept for self-protection versus 21% of rifles. In logistic regression models, predictor variables for firearm ownership included rural area, single family dwelling, at least one adult male, and fewer preschool children (for handgun and rifle); mother with at least 12 years education (for handgun), and white mother (for rifle). Conclusions. The data presented suggest that US pediatricians routinely see children in families that own firearms, including a worrisome number that keep loaded and unlocked handguns. Until more detailed information becomes available, it is reasonable for pediatricians to be guided by these data, and so to counsel routinely about gun exposure.

scholarly journals Interpersonal communication, voting behaviour and influence in an election campaign: The 2009 German elections

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moreno Mancosu
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Communication ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Vote Choice ◽  
Voting Behaviour ◽  
Election Study ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Strong Ties ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
The Social ◽  
Using Data

Interpersonal influence—the process by which people change their idea according to the ideas of others—is a crucial mechanism that forges political agreement among citizens. By using data from the 2009 German Longitudinal Election Study short-term campaign panel, it will be tested how this strategy contributes to changing citizens’ ideas in the proximity of the 2009 Bundestag elections in Germany. Results of fixed-effect logistic regression models confirm the findings in previous literature, showing evidences consistent with influence effects. It is also suggested that the social circle of discussants alters the way in which people are influenced. Propensities to change vote choice, in fact, are boosted by the exposure to disagreeable strong ties, such as relatives and spouse/partner.

scholarly journals Predisposed to Volunteer? Personality Traits and Different Forms of Volunteering

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 1119-1142
Author(s):  
Kathrin Ackermann
Keyword(s):  
Big Five ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Situational Factors ◽  
Social Fabric ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Relationship

In this article, we evaluate the psychological basis of different forms of volunteering. To date, our knowledge about the relationship between personality and volunteering as an important facet of the social fabric is limited. Applying the Five-Factor Model of Personality (Big Five), we scrutinize this relationship in a comprehensive manner. We consider formal and informal volunteering as well as online volunteering as a new form of social participation. Empirically, we analyze a representative population sample of Switzerland using logistic regression models. We find that extraversion is the most consistent driver of volunteering. The effects of the remaining traits differ across the forms of volunteering. Additional analyses indicate that situational factors may moderate these relationships.

scholarly journals Addressing the Social Determinants of Subjective Wellbeing: The Latest Challenge for Social Policy

2013 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 541-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHRISTOPHER DEEMING
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
Social Determinants ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Subjective Wellbeing ◽  
Household Composition ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
The Social ◽  
World Survey ◽  
The Uk

AbstractThe idea that the happiness and wellbeing of individuals should shape government policy has been around since the enlightenment; today such thinking has growing practical policy relevance as governments around the world survey their populations in an effort to design social policies that promote wellbeing. In this article, we consider the social determinants of subjective wellbeing in the UK and draw lessons for social policy. Survey data are taken from the ‘Measuring National Wellbeing Programme’ launched by the UK's Office for National Statistics in 2010. For the empirical strategy, we develop bivariate and multivariate logistic regression models, as well as testing for interaction effects in the data. The findings show that wellbeing is not evenly distributed within the UK. Socio-demographic characteristics such as age, gender, ethnicity, employment, household composition and tenure all matter, as does health status. Influencing population wellbeing is inherently complex, though, that said, there is a clear need to place greater emphasis on the social, given the direction of current policy.

scholarly journals Influencia de las creencias de género en la trayectoria sexual y reproductiva de las mujeres jóvenes mexicanas

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (103) ◽  
pp. 89-121
Author(s):  
Cecilia Gayet ◽  
◽  
Fatima Juárez ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Adolescent Pregnancy ◽  
National Survey ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Sexual Debut ◽  
Social Origin ◽  
First Birth ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
The Social ◽  
Las Mujeres

The objective of this work is to study how gender believes influence different sexual and re-productive trajectories of women once controlled by social origin stratum, the schooling years reached and other variables of interest. Using the National Survey of Determinant Factors of Adolescent Pregnancy 2017 (Encuesta Nacional de los Factores Determinantes del Embara-zo Adolescente —Enfadea 2017), we estimated a gender believes index and constructed three groups of women, one with gender believes that are more traditional, other intermediate and another with gender relieves less traditional. Through logistic regression models, we analyzed the influence of gender believes on age at sexual debut, use of contraception at the first intercour-se, and age of women at first birth born alive. To have less traditional believes influence women to initiate sexual debut at an earlier age and use contraception in that act, independently of the social origin stratum and years of schooling. Gender believes were not associated to having a child before age 20.

scholarly journals The Severity of Traffic Crashes in Italy: An Explorative Analysis among Different Driving Circumstances

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 856 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Eboli ◽  
Carmen Forciniti
Keyword(s):  
Regression Models ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Crash Severity ◽  
Traffic Crashes ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Road Crashes ◽  
Safety Distance ◽  
The Social ◽  
Different Characteristics ◽  
The Relationship

Analyzing traffic accidents is very important due to their direct impact on the social environment. In the literature, many studies focus on the different aspects that influence traffic accidents, such as human, vehicle, road and environment risk factors. In this paper, we propose a methodology for testing the relationship between road, external environment, driver and vehicle characteristics, and certain circumstances that lead to the traffic crashes. Particularly, we elaborate on logistic regression models for evaluating how these different characteristics impact on crash severity, considering the combination of traffic circumstances that caused the crash. In each combination, a vehicle proceeded regularly, whereas the other vehicle did an incorrect maneuver (the vehicle proceeded: with distracted driving; without maintaining the safety distance; with speeding; by maneuvering to join the circulation flow; against the flow). The present work analyzes data related to road crashes which occurred in Italy during 2016 involving two vehicles. The results show that the variables significantly influencing crash severity are different depending on the combinations of circumstances that cause the crash.

scholarly journals The Application of Multinomial Logistic Regression Models for the Assessment of Parameters of Oocytes and Embryos Quality in Predicting Pregnancy and Miscarriage

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Justyna Milewska ◽  
Dorota Jankowska ◽  
Teresa Więsak ◽  
Brian Acacio ◽  
Robert Milewski
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Treatment Outcomes ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Clinical Pregnancy ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Treatment Result ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Improve Treatment ◽  
The Social

Abstract Infertility is a huge problem nowadays, not only from the medical but also from the social point of view. A key step to improve treatment outcomes is the possibility of effective prediction of treatment result. In a situation when a phenomenon with more than 2 states needs to be explained, e.g. pregnancy, miscarriage, non-pregnancy, the use of multinomial logistic regression is a good solution. The aim of this paper is to select those features that have a significant impact on achieving clinical pregnancy as well as those that determine the occurrence of spontaneous miscarriage (non-pregnancy was set as the reference category). Two multi-factor models were obtained, used in predicting infertility treatment outcomes. One of the models enabled to conclude that the number of follicles and the percentage of retrieved mature oocytes have a significant impact when prediction of treatment outcome is made on the basis of information about oocytes. The other model, built on the basis of information about embryos, showed the significance of the number of fertilized oocytes, the percentage of at least 7-cell embryos on day 3, the percentage of blasts on day 5, and the day of transfer.

THE URBAN MIGRANT FUTURE DESIRE: A STUDY OF REVERSE MIGRATION IN MALAYSIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 177
Author(s):  
Nur Huzeima Mohd Hussain ◽  
Hugh Byrd ◽  
Nur Azfahani Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Industrial Society ◽  
Peak Oil ◽  
Population Mobility ◽  
Reverse Migration ◽  
The Past ◽  
Urban Migrants ◽  
Urban Migrant ◽  
Oil Crisis

Globalisation combined with resources of oil and gas has led to an industrial society in Malaysia.  For the past 30 years, rapid urban growth has shifted from 73% rural to 73% urban population. However, the peak oil crisis and economic issues are threatening the growth of urbanisation and influencing the trends of population mobility. This paper documents the beginnings of a reverse migration (urban-to-rural) in Malaysia.  The method adopted case study that involves questionnaires with the urban migrants to establish the desires, definite intentions and reasons for future migration. Based on this data, it predicts a trend and rate of reverse migration in Malaysia. 

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