scholarly journals The development and status of forensic anthropology in India: A review of the literature and future directions

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neha Baryah ◽  
Kewal Krishan ◽  
Tanuj Kanchan
Keyword(s):  
Forensic Anthropology ◽  
Gait Pattern ◽  
Skeletal Remains ◽  
Primary Role ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Disaster Victim Identification ◽  
Human Skeletal Remains ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Usa

Forensic anthropology deals with the identification of human remains in a legal setting. The primary role of a forensic anthropologist is to evaluate human skeletal remains and ascertain the biological profile of the deceased. Forensic anthropologists thus use their expertise to assist medical examiners, as well as law enforcement agencies. Forensic anthropology was not recognised as a subject specialty of much significance in most parts of the world for a long time. However, now its status has changed, mostly in the USA and parts of Europe. The scope of the subject ranges from evaluation of human skeletal remains to the identification of the living. In the new millennium, the role of forensic anthropologists includes disaster victim identification, photographic superimposition, facial image reconstruction in CCTV footage, gait pattern analysis from video surveillance, ascertaining the age of an individual in absence of legal documents and paedo-pornographic materials. Despite its relevance in human identification, the development of forensic anthropology in India is not very encouraging. Only a few institutions in India include forensic anthropology as a part of the forensic science degree programme, and there are no certified courses in anthropology either. Likewise, there are limited employment opportunities for forensic anthropologists in medical institutes/organisations/universities. This comprehensive review focuses on the status and development of forensic anthropology in India and emphasises the need for its recognition as a specialty of significance. The article also throws light on the comparison of its status in the Indian context vis a vis developed nations.

THE ROLE OF THE PROSECUTOR'S OFFICE OF UKRAINE IN THE CONTEXT OF ENSURING GUARANTEES OF THE INDEPENDENCE OF JUDGES AND THE AUTHORITY OF THE JUDICIARY

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasyl Khmyz ◽  
◽  
Ruslan Skrynkovskyy ◽  
Tetiana Protsiuk ◽  
Mariana Khmyz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Access To Justice ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
Administration Of Justice ◽  
The Status ◽  
Legislative Framework ◽  
The Law

The article reveals the role of the prosecutor's office of Ukraine in the process and in order to ensure guarantees of the independence of judges and the authority of the judiciary. A study of the legislative framework of Ukraine proves that the role of the prosecutor's office in the process of ensuring guarantees of the independence of judges and the authority of justice is regulated by the provisions of the Constitution of Ukraine, the Law of Ukraine «On the Prosecutor's Office», the Law of Ukraine «On the Judicial System and the Status of Judges», the Code of Professional Ethics and Conduct of Prosecutors, the Criminal Procedure Code Of Ukraine, the Criminal Code of Ukraine, as well as other regulatory documents. It was found that the judge, performing professional activities in the direction of the administration of justice, is independent of the various influences, pressure or interference, which are illegal. The legislation of Ukraine determines that the principle of the independence of the judge indicates that the judge is not obliged to provide explanations regarding the nature and content of the cases being pending, with the exception of cases established by law. State authorities, local self- government bodies, officials and officials of these bodies, individuals and legal entities and associations of such persons should respect the independence of judges and in no case should encroach on it. It was determined that one of the principles on the basis of which the professional activities of the prosecution authorities are based is the principle of respect for the independence of judges. It has been proved that the High Council of Justice always adheres to the position of unconditionally ensuring the independence of judges and establishing this direction as a priority type of activity for law enforcement agencies, in particular, for the prosecutor's office. Fast and quality investigation of crimes related to the professional activities of judges will, first of all, contribute to the observance of constitutional law regarding the principle of access to justice.. It is noted that the prospects for further research in this direction are the study of the legal basis for the observance of the principle of the rule of law and legality by the judiciary in the context of performing professional activities.

Stature determination from different body dimensions: a systematic review appraisal

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
Pabitra Paul ◽  
◽  
Ashish Mukhopadhyay ◽  
Subir Biswas ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Forensic Anthropology ◽  
Human Remains ◽  
Forensic Sciences ◽  
Biological Anthropology ◽  
Time Since Death ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Human Skeletal Remains ◽  
Skeletal Analysis

Forensic anthropology is a special sub-field of biological anthropology (the study of human remains) that involves applying skeletal analysis and techniques in archaeology and forensic sciences to solving identity cases. Generally speaking forensic anthropology is the examination of human skeletal remains for law enforcement agencies to help with the recovery of human remains, determine the identity of unidentified human remains, interpret trauma, and estimate time since death. Through the established methods, a forensic anthropologist can aid law enforcement in establishing a profile of the unidentified remains. The profile includes sex, age, ancestry, height, length of time since death, and sometimes the evaluation of trauma observed on bones. In many cases after identity of an individual is made, the forensic anthropologist is called to testify in court regarding the identity of the remains and/or the trauma or wounds present on the remains. In the era of uncertainty of life and uplifment of criminal activities, there should be an enriched stock of scientific weapons for investigation and identification. In this context, the present review analysis initiated for the prediction of stature of an individual from different body parts that could enhance the procedures of identification as well as investigation.

scholarly journals FOREIGN EXPERIENCE IN COUNTERING (PREVENTING) ORGANIZED CRIME IN THE FINANCIAL SYSTEM: SPECIAL LAW ENFORCEMENT BODIES AND STRATEGIC PRIORITIES

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Bohdan Holovkin ◽  
Kostyantyn Marysyuk
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Organized Crime ◽  
System Development ◽  
Financial System ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Foreign Experience ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Global Threat

The aim of the article is the analysis of countering organized crime in the financial system in Ukraine and abroad, as well as the development of concrete proposals to optimize the legislative provision of such activities by special international law enforcement agencies in connection with countering crimes in the financial system committed by organized groups and criminal organizations. The subject of the study is an organized crime in the financial system: foreign experience. Methodology. The analysis of legal regulations of Ukraine, the EU, and the USA, as well as scientific literature, enables to study the state of affairs in combating organized groups, which commit economic crimes, and define strategic priorities and objectives of countering this socially negative phenomenon in Ukraine. The results of the study reveal that the implementation of foreign experience in the national economic development faces a number of key economic challenges, primarily organized crime, that hinder the national economy improvement. The author determines that a comprehensive organized crime coping strategy in the financial system is needed currently. Practical implications. The study determines that the issue of countering organized crime in the financial system has become international over the last few decades, overstepping the boundaries of individual countries or regions and gaining global significance. The world community recognizes that organized crime in the financial system has become a global threat to economic security that requires states to adopt measures agreed to combat this socially dangerous activity, both nationally and internationally. Relevance/ originality. The study reveals the status of the economic system development in Ukraine, as well as further improves identifying of effective trends of organized crime prevention in the financial system of Ukraine, taking into account positive foreign experience.

scholarly journals Implementing ESD in Schools: Perspectives of Principals in Germany, Macau, and the USA

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 9823
Author(s):  
Ulrich Müller ◽  
Dawson R. Hancock ◽  
Tobias Stricker ◽  
Chuang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
United States ◽  
School Leadership ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
The United States ◽  
Global Challenges ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Substantial Change

To successfully cope with global challenges such as climate change or loss of biodiversity, it will require a substantial change in the ways societies make use of the natural resources of our planet. Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) is expected to support the transformation of societies towards more sustainable ways of thinking, working, and living. Although there is a broad range of literature on ESD, little is known about the role of school leadership in ESD. However, leadership is crucial for the implementation of ESD in schools. This article gives a short overview of the status of ESD within Germany, Macau, and the United States and a literature review on leadership for ESD in schools. It reports on a study that seeks to investigate what principals do in Germany, Macau, and the United States; specifically, what management strategies they use and which competences they need to successfully establish ESD in their schools.

The Status of Doctors

1967 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lord Snow
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
General Practitioner ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
Liberal Education ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Professional Relationship ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Usa

Lord Snow compares the status of doctors with that of engineers, and considers the status of both professions in Great Britain, the USA and the Soviet Union. He makes a plea for a more liberal education, and feels that doctors should play a larger part in advising Government. He proceeds to consider the special role of the general practitioner, which should embrace a personal as well as a professional relationship.

scholarly journals The Transformation of the Role of Dedes in Modern Times

2020 ◽  
pp. 3-24
Author(s):  
Ali Yaman
Keyword(s):  
Social Order ◽  
Economic Transformation ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Primary Role ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Cultural Centers ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Status ◽  
Traditional Institutions

This article deals with the transformation of the dede institution, one of the basic institutions of Alevism, throughout the urbanization. Dede institution played a primary role in the survival of Alevism until today. That is why it wouldn’t be an exaggeration to say that this institution is of key importance for an understanding of Alevism in Anatolia. Dedes have moved away from their roles in dede-talib relations, which are based on ocaks in traditional life, and also from their traditional functions due to urbanization. Today, cemevis and cultural centers in Turkey and the urban centers around Europe are widely run by associations and foundations. It is now clear that traditional institutions which had a significant power in the past, such as ocak institution, have been transformed. The socio-economic transformation caused by urbanization has also caused significant effects on the life of Alevis. It is necessary to compare the status of dede institution in the past with its current status in order to better understand this situation. There are great differences between the new and the old qualifications and functions of dedes in the new social order. The functions of Dede institution have either disappeared with time, or have continued with various changes along with the new conditions and new needs of the society. The change is still continuing.

scholarly journals PROFIL PROGNASI WAJAH BEBERAPA POPULASI DUNIA [Prognation Profile of World Population Faces]

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-118
Author(s):  
Toetik Koesbardiati
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Forensic Anthropology ◽  
Skeletal Remains ◽  
World Population ◽  
Human Skeletal Remains ◽  
Population Groups ◽  
Study Material ◽  
The World ◽  
The Face

The face is one of the major variables in determining the biological characteristics of a population in the identification effort of human skeletal remains. This is not only important in the field of forensic anthropology but also the field of bioarchaeology. The purpose of this study is to describe the variation of facial angle in some of the world population. The method applied is anthropometry. The study material is the skull of nine world populations of Europe, North Africa, Subsahara Africa, South America, Inuit, Australomelanesia, Indonesia, Polynesia and China. The results showed that among the population tested, Australomelanesoid, Polynesian, Indonesian and African Subsahara populations had a prognathic face both on the even face, as well as the alveolar and facial projection. In contrast, the population groups of China, Europe, Inuit and North Africa are population groups that have faces of orthognath.  ABSTRAKWajah adalah salah satu variabel utama dalam menentukan ciri biologis suatu populasi pada usaha identifikasi sisa rangka manusia. Hal ini tidak hanya panting dalam bidang antropologi forensik tetapi juga bidang bioarkeologi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan variasi sudut wajah pada beberapa populasi dunia. Metode yang diterapkan adalah antropometri. Bahan penelitian adalah tengkorak dari sembilan populasi dunia yaitu populasi Eropa, Afrika Utara, Afrika Subsahara, Amerika Selatan, Inuit, Australomelanesia, Indonesia, Polinesia dan China. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa diantara populasi yang diuji, populasi Australomelanesoid, Polinesia, Indonesia dan Afrika Subsahara memiliki wajah yang prognath baik pada bagian wajah genap, maupun bagian alveolar serta proyeksi wajah. Sebaliknya kelompok populasi China, Eropa, Inuit dan Afrika Utara adalah kelompok populasi yang memiliki wajah orthognath.

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