Self-inflicted injuries: Three case reports

2020 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
pp. 223-227
Author(s):  
Harvinder Singh Chhabra ◽  
Ashwini Kumar ◽  
Navdeep Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Case Reports ◽  
Upper Limbs ◽  
Innocent Person ◽  
Personal Gain ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
False Accusations

The means by which people self-harm are diverse and so are the motives that drive them. They are intended for personal gain which may be psychological, legal or material. Fabricated injuries may be self-inflicted or permitted by others. We present three cases of fabricated injuries over the shoulder and upper limbs both alleging assault with a firearm. In all the cases meticulous examination elicited suspicion on how these were caused. Meticulous examination is essential to differentiate true from false accusations so that no innocent person is punished.

Car Seat Burns in Infants: Avoiding Confusion With Inflicted Burns

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 607-609
Author(s):  
Barton D. Schmitt ◽  
Jane D. Gray ◽  
Helen L. Britton
Keyword(s):  
Child Abuse ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Car Seats ◽  
Car Seat ◽  
Young Infants ◽  
False Accusations ◽  
Second Degree

Summertime drivers commonly experience annoyance, discomfort, or even exquisite pain from hot car seats. The fact that these hot surfaces can lead to second-degree burns in young infants is less well known. The purpose of this article is to report five cases of car seat burns in children, to review the data from a brief study on peak temperatures of car seats, to offer recommendations for preventing car seat burns, to review the diagnostic criteria of car seat burns, and to examine the problem of false accusations of child abuse in these cases. CASE REPORTS Case 1 An 8-month-old girl was admitted to the hospital for a clinically infected bum. Three days before admission her that her left arm was red and blistered.

scholarly journals The effects of ketamine on suicidality across various formulations and study settings

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Dadiomov ◽  
Kelly Lee
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Intravenous Route ◽  
Psychiatric Illnesses ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Effective Option ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
Pharmacologic Treatments ◽  
Meta Analyses

Abstract Introduction Suicidality and self-injurious behavior afflict patients with a wide variety of psychiatric illnesses. Currently, there are few pharmacologic treatments for suicidality and self-injurious behavior and none that treat these conditions emergently. Recently, ketamine has demonstrated efficacy in treating both depression and acute suicidal ideation. An increasing usage of ketamine, of a variety of formulations, has been studied for these indications. This article reviews the evidence for use of ketamine in self-injurious behavior and suicidality. Methods A review of the MEDLINE database for articles relating to ketamine, self-injurious behavior, suicidality, and self-harm was conducted. Additional articles were assessed via cross-reference. Results A total of 24 articles that included clinical trials, meta-analyses, case series, and case reports were analyzed. The majority of studies of ketamine for suicidal ideation include the intravenous route using a dose of 0.5 mg/kg over 40 minutes. These studies suggest that intravenous ketamine may be effective at reducing suicidal ideation acutely. Data on use of ketamine in the intramuscular, intranasal, and oral forms are limited and of poorer quality. Studies on these formulations contain greater variability of positive and negative results of ketamine for reducing suicidality and self-injurious behavior. The durability of the antisuicidal effects across all formulations is limited. Discussion Ketamine may be an effective option for the treatment of suicidal ideation in patients across inpatient, outpatient, or emergent settings. At this time, more research is needed on the efficacy of ketamine across all formulations being used in clinical practice.

scholarly journals The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on self-harm and suicidal behaviour: protocol for a living systematic review

F1000Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann John ◽  
Emily Eyles ◽  
Luke A. McGuinness ◽  
Chukwudi Okolie ◽  
Babatunde K. Olorisade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Suicidal Behaviour ◽  
Research Evidence ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
The Impact

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused widespread morbidity and mortality as well as disruption to people’s lives and livelihoods around the world; this has occurred as a result of both infection with the virus itself and the health protection measures taken to curb its spread. There are concerns that rates of suicide, suicidal behaviours and self-harm may rise during and in the aftermath of the pandemic. Given the likely rapidly expanding research evidence base on the pandemic’s impact on rates of suicide, suicidal behaviours and self-harm and emerging evidence about how best to mitigate such effects, it is important that the best available knowledge is made readily available to policymakers, public health specialists and clinicians as soon as is possible. To facilitate this, we plan to undertake a living systematic review focusing on suicide prevention in relation to COVID-19. Method: Regular automated searches will feed into a web-based screening system which will also host the data extraction form for included articles. Our eligibility criteria are wide and include aspects of incidence and prevalence of suicidal behaviour, effects of exposures and effects of interventions in relation to the COVID-19 pandemic, with minimal restrictions on the types of study design to be included. The outcomes assessed will be death by suicide; self-harm or attempted suicide (including hospital attendance and/or admission for these reasons); and suicidal thoughts/ideation. There will be no restriction on study type, except for single case reports. There will be no restriction on language of publication. The review will be updated at three-monthly intervals if a sufficient volume of new evidence justifies doing so. Conclusions: Our living review will provide a regular synthesis of the most up-to-date research evidence to guide public health and clinical policy to mitigate the impact of COVID-19 on suicide. Protocol registration: PROSPERO CRD42020183326 01/05/2020

scholarly journals Body integrity identity disorder: clinical features and ethical dimensions

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 187-195
Author(s):  
Emma Barrow ◽  
Femi Oyebode
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Features ◽  
Physical Disability ◽  
Parietal Lobe ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
List Type ◽  
Bodily Integrity ◽  
Body Integrity Identity Disorder ◽  
History Of ◽  
Self Harm

SUMMARYBody integrity identity disorder (BIID) is a rare and complex identity disorder described by the desire to acquire a physical disability and an associated sense of incompleteness at being able-bodied. Individuals with the disorder often delay presentation until later in life because of perceived stigma about wishing to acquire a physical disability, and may have sought amputation already through ‘underground’ means or self-harm (attempts at self-amputation). In this article we present an account of the recent history and origins of the disorder, from its early descriptions and case reports through to the current neuropsychiatric theory of right superior parietal lobe dysfunction as basis for the disorder. We consider the epidemiology, pathogenesis and clinical features of this identity disorder of bodily integrity, highlighting the associations with conditions such as gender identity disorder. With this we then discuss the ethical considerations for available treatment options, mainly elective surgical amputation.LEARNING OBJECTIVES•Understand the current definition and clinical features of body integrity identity disorder•Be familiar with the conceptual history of the disorder, epidemiology and current neuropsychiatric perspective•Be aware of the ethical aspects of elective surgical amputation as a treatment for the disorderDECLARATION OF INTERESTNone.

scholarly journals Combination of venlafaxine and phentermine/topiramate induced psychosis: A case report

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaclyn Homola ◽  
Robin Hieber
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Extended Release ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Individual Case ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Pubmed Search ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
Mental Health Unit ◽  
The Brain

Abstract Background: Various publications have noted increases in dopamine, specifically in the mesolimbic region of the brain, to have a direct correlation to psychotic-like symptoms. Venlafaxine, a first-line medication for depression, inhibits the reuptake of both serotonin and norepinephrine. Additionally, venlafaxine weakly inhibits the reuptake of dopamine. Phentermine/topiramate (Qsymia®), specifically the phentermine component, functions by blocking the dopamine and norepinephrine transporter, similar to amphetamine. Case Report: A 40-year-old Hispanic woman was admitted to the inpatient mental health unit based on reports of delusional thinking and several attempts of self-harm. Past medical history was significant for major depressive disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder, anxiety, irritable bowel syndrome, and migraines. The patient was started on venlafaxine (75 mg extended-release by mouth once daily) for depression approximately 1 month prior to admission. Furthermore, the patient was restarted on a previously prescribed medication, oral phentermine/topiramate for weight loss, in combination with venlafaxine, approximately 1 week prior to the bizarre behavior. The patient denied any psychosis or changes in behavior when medications were taken individually prior to the combination. The patient was treated with lurasidone (40 mg by mouth daily) with resolution of psychosis. Discussion: A PubMed search revealed no current literature or case reports on psychosis induced by the combination of venlafaxine and phentermine/topiramate. Individual case reports of psychosis in patients on venlafaxine alone and the phentermine component of phentermine/topiramate alone have been reported.

scholarly journals Mum, Dad! Is the hospital my home? The psychological and psychiatric consequences of parental neglect – a description of 2 cases

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 289-296
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Janowska ◽  
Michał Flis ◽  
Paulina Wróbel-Knybel ◽  
Hanna Karakuła-Juchnowicz
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Dysfunctional Families ◽  
Medical Diagnoses ◽  
Parental Neglect ◽  
Sense Of Security ◽  
The Family ◽  
Self Harm

Abstract The issue of parental neglect is a constantly topical one. Neglect is not only the lack of satisfying basic needs, but also the lack of ensuring a sense of security, belonging, and insufficient physical, emotional or verbal closeness with the child. Poor parental care, lack of a sense of closeness and availability of the parent, along with other environmental factors (e.g. addictions, diseases and mental disorders in the family) result in abnormal formation of the child’s personality, and can also be associated with depression, anxiety, self-harm or suicide attempts. The aim of the study was to present the clinical cases of two teenage patients (AA. – 13 years old, BB. – 16 years old) staying in the I Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Early Intervention in Lublin (Department for Children and Youth), whose mental health problems were caused by a constant neglect on the part of parents. Case reports: The patients came from dysfunctional families in which members showed a tendency to addiction (alcohol) and were emotionally and physically absent from the lives of the girls. Due to considerable upbringing problems, girls were hospitalized many times, both in paediatric wards and in psychiatric wards for children and adolescents, with various medical diagnoses. Conclusions: The presented cases of two patients indicate a potential cause-and-effect relationship between parental neglect, coexisting environmental factors (addictions of family members) and abnormal formation of the child’s personality, self-harm or suicide attempts. In such family systems, it is extremely important, apart from a court-appointed family guardian, to introduce a family assistant to provide emotional or advisory support.

scholarly journals The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on self-harm and suicidal behaviour: a living systematic review

F1000Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 1097 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann John ◽  
Chukwudi Okolie ◽  
Emily Eyles ◽  
Roger T. Webb ◽  
Lena Schmidt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Suicidal Behaviour ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Service Utilisation ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts ◽  
Low Middle Income Countries ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
The Impact

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused morbidity and mortality, as well as, widespread disruption to people’s lives and livelihoods around the world. Given the health and economic threats posed by the pandemic to the global community, there are concerns that rates of suicide and suicidal behaviour may rise during and in its aftermath. Our living systematic review (LSR) focuses on suicide prevention in relation to COVID-19, with this iteration synthesising relevant evidence up to June 7th 2020. Method:  Automated daily searches feed into a web-based database with screening and data extraction functionalities. Eligibility criteria include incidence/prevalence of suicidal behaviour, exposure-outcome relationships and effects of interventions in relation to the COVID-19 pandemic. Outcomes of interest are suicide, self-harm or attempted suicide and suicidal thoughts. No restrictions are placed on language or study type, except for single-person case reports. Results: Searches identified 2070 articles, 29 (28 studies) met our inclusion criteria, of which 14 articles were research letters or pre-prints awaiting peer review. All articles reported observational data: 12 cross-sectional; eight case series; five modelling; and three service utilisation studies. No studies reported on changes in rates of suicidal behaviour. Case series were largely drawn from news reporting in low/middle income countries and factors associated with suicide included fear of infection, social isolation and economic concerns.   Conclusions:  A marked improvement in the quality of design, methods, and reporting in future studies is needed. There is thus far no clear evidence of an increase in suicide, self-harm, suicidal behaviour, or suicidal thoughts associated with the pandemic. However, suicide data are challenging to collect in real time and economic effects are evolving. Our LSR will provide a regular synthesis of the most up-to-date research evidence to guide public health and clinical policy to mitigate the impact of COVID-19 on suicide. PROSPERO registration: CRD42020183326 01/05/2020

scholarly journals Intradural Spinal Arachnoid Cyst in a Pediatric Patient: A Case Report

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Bedin ◽  
Jorge W. J. Bizzi ◽  
Evelise Vieira Flores ◽  
Fernando dos Anjos Schmitz ◽  
Cláudia Zanatta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Pediatric Patient ◽  
Arachnoid Cyst ◽  
Severe Pain ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Upper Limbs ◽  
Thoracic Region ◽  
Sudden Loss ◽  
Spinal Arachnoid Cyst ◽  
Loss Of Strength

AbstractThe present case reports a 13-year-old patient with an intradural arachnoid cyst, which manifested itself with a sudden loss of strength and sensitivity in the lower and upper limbs and a severe pain in the cervical and thoracic region. On examination, a lesion displayed as an intradural hematoma; however, a laminotomy was performed and it was realized that the lesion was an arachnoid spinal cyst of the cervical-dorsal spine.

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