Agriculture and Land Transformation. 2. Present Trends and Future Prospects

1997 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 151-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoinette M. Mannion
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Tropical Forest ◽  
Climatic Change ◽  
World Population ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
Land Transformation ◽  
Spatial Dimensions ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
Forest Lands

Today, agriculture remains a major agent of land transformation, the nature of which varies considerably between the developed and developing worlds. Of particular significance is the transformation of tropical forest lands into agricultural lands. This is causing extensive loss of biodiversity which means a loss of potential benefits in terms of ‘goods ’, and possibly the impairment of ecosystem services. The latter has implications for global climatic change. Such trends will continue beyond the millennium as world population is set to increase from 5.7 × 109 now to 8.3 × 109 in 2025. Part 1 of this series—Temporal and spatial dimensions — appeared in Volume 26 No. 2.

Agriculture and Land Transformation. 1. Temporal and Spatial Dimensions

1997 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoinette M. Mannion
Keyword(s):  
Cultural History ◽  
Scientific Development ◽  
World Population ◽  
Land Transformation ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The World ◽  
Spatial Dimensions ◽  
The Face ◽  
Temporal And Spatial

Ever since it began 10,000 years ago, agriculture has been a major cause of land transformation. It has been the basis on which civilizations have waxed and waned, it has allowed the world population to reach 5 × 109 and it has profoundly influenced cultural and scientific development. While its inception was itself momentous in terms of environmental and cultural history, the changes in agriculture caused by the expansion of Europe between 1500 and 1900 had equally profound ramifications. These developments literally changed the face of the earth. This paper surveys the changes that have taken place so far, while Part 2, to appear in the next issue, looks at likely future patterns.

An Indigenous Māori Perspective of Rangatahi Personhood

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adreanne Ormond ◽  
Joanna Kidman ◽  
Huia Tomlins-Jahnke
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Multiple Realities ◽  
The Future ◽  
Spatial Dimensions ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Colonial Oppression ◽  
Ancestral Landscape

Personhood is complex and characterized by what Avery Gordon describes as an abundant contradictory subjectivity, apportioned by power, race, class, and gender and suspended in temporal and spatial dimensions of the forgotten past, fragmented present, and possible and impossible imagination of the future. Drawing on Gordon’s interpretation, we explore how personhood for young Māori from the nation of Rongomaiwāhine of Aotearoa New Zealand is shaped by a subjectivity informed by a Māori ontological relationality. This discussion is based on research conducted in the Māori community by Māori researchers. They used cultural ontology to engage with the sociohistorical realities of Māori cultural providence and poverty, and colonial oppression and Indigenous resilience. From these complex and multiple realities this essay will explore how young Māori render meaning from their ancestral landscape, community, and the wider world in ways that shape their particular personhood.

scholarly journals Benefits of Organic Agriculture under the Perspective of the Bioeconomy: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 6852
Author(s):  
Camila Fritzen Cidón ◽  
Paola Schmitt Figueiró ◽  
Dusan Schreiber
Keyword(s):  
Organic Agriculture ◽  
Renewable Resources ◽  
World Population ◽  
Green Technologies ◽  
Ecological Benefits ◽  
Conventional Agriculture ◽  
Organic Farmers ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Development Objectives ◽  
Global Growth

The opportunities for the global growth of the bioeconomy (BE) are generated by the need to expand the food supply for an increasing world population without compromising the environment even further. Organic agriculture (OA) claims to be more environmentally friendly than conventional agriculture and capable of addressing sustainable development objectives by using green technologies, resulting in economic, social, and ecological benefits. The aim of this paper is to investigate the relation between OA and BE through a systematic literature review. We addressed the benefits of OA under perspective of the main aspects of BE. As demonstrated by previous papers assessed on this review, OA can be a means to facilitate strategies for the use of renewable resources to mitigate the emergencies arising from global warming, as claimed by the BE concept. This article introduces a necessary discussion due the lack of previous studies reporting the capacity of OA to connect with the BE. As a final contribution, we present a conceptual framework characterizing potential benefits of OA under the perspective of BE, for organic farmers and researchers to advance in sustainability and green innovation.

Physical Exercise and Yoga: as an alternative approach towards COVID-19 management

2021 ◽  
Vol 07 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saurabh Kumar ◽  
Sakshi Sudha ◽  
Madhu Chopra ◽  
Famida Khan ◽  
Kanupriya Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Mental Wellbeing ◽  
World Population ◽  
Cd8 Cells ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Background: Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19), a highly contagious ssRNA +Ve sense virus that emerged in late 2019, has created a global panic. With no effective therapy available, the virus has significantly affected the world population causing millions of death. Therefore, it is the utmost need to look towards all the possible strategies to benefit the community. Objectives: In view of the current global pandemic, we tried to discuss the potential benefits of two cost-effective alternative approaches, i.e., physical exercise and yoga. Method: The editorial is based on a literature search available on PubMed, Google Scholar, and WHO portal. Search terminologies include “yoga”, “physical exercise”, “COVID-19”, “viral infections”, and a combination of these words. Results: A literature search defines yoga and physical exercise efficacy in different viral diseases, including HIV, influenza, and HSV. It ameliorates the quality of life (QoL) by improving both the physical and mental wellbeing of an individual. This is mainly done by promoting the better functioning of the immune system (increases CD4+ and CD8+ cells and reduces pro-inflammatory response). Conclusions: Regular involvement of these activities in day-to-day life may limit latent virus reactivations and reduce infection chances.

scholarly journals NECESSITY OF MAPPING AND ASSESSMENT OF ECOSYSTEMS AND THEIR SERVICES IN PLANNING AND DECISION MAKING PROCESS

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 234
Author(s):  
Līga Brūniņa ◽  
Elīna Konstantinova ◽  
Aija Peršēvica
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
National Level ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Integrate Assessment ◽  
Reporting Systems ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
The Eu

The EU Biodiversity Strategy to 2020 determines that “Member States, with the assistance of the Commission, will map and assess the state of ecosystems and their services in their national territory by 2014, assess the economic value of such services, and promote the integration of these values into accounting and reporting systems at EU and national level by 2020”. Mapping and assessment of ecosystem services provides several benefits, one of which is baseline data providing to measure net future gains or losses and data integration into spatial development process. The aim of the paper is to present and discuss the approach taken to assessing ecosystem services in order to introduce necessity of mapping and assessment of ecosystems and their services for planning and decision-making process in Latvia. The paper will focus on terminology interpretation of ecosystem services, introducing with set of developed indicators for assessment of ecosystem services and define appropriate for Latvia. The paper closes with estimation of potential benefits and necessity to integrate assessment of ecosystems services in spatial planning and decision-making process.

Rehabilitation of degraded tropical forest lands

1985 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas E. Lovejoy
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Forest ◽  
Forest Lands
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