Unpacking the Gender Differences on Mental Health

2017 ◽  
Vol 120 (4) ◽  
pp. 639-649 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Dong Yue ◽  
Neelam Arjan Hiranandani ◽  
Feng Jiang ◽  
Zhenhu Hou ◽  
Xiaohua Chen
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Health Studies ◽  
The Relationship

Mental health studies show that women are likely to score higher on subjective well-being and higher on depression than men. To verify this, the present study collected a sample of 5648 undergraduates in 55 universities in China. Results showed that women reported higher optimism, gratitude, subjective well-being, and depression than men, and that optimism and gratitude mediated the relationship between gender and mental health (subjective well-being and depression). By its implication, women were more likely to be optimistic and grateful, and as such they tended to experience higher subjective well-being and depression simultaneously. This also implies that gender differences on mental health could also be a dispositional issue as well as a socialization one.

scholarly journals Exploring Age and Gender Differences in Narcissism and Perfectionism and Their Mental-Health Correlates

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-36
Author(s):  
Éva Kállay ◽  
Alexandra Rebeca Mihoc
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Age And Gender Differences ◽  
Environmental Mastery ◽  
And Gender

"The changes occurring in modern society can significantly influence individuals’ well-being, mental health and even personality traits such as narcissism and perfectionism. Since studies investigating age and gender differences in narcissism and perfectionism have produced mixed results, and the number of studies conducted in Romanian population is scarce, the main aims of this study were to investigate possible age and gender differences in narcissism, perfectionism and several mental-health indicators in a sample of healthy participants, as well as specific association patterns between these variables within each group of participants. Our sample included 465 millennials and 149 participants over 35 years of age. The results indicate that millennials reported significantly lower levels of narcissism and self-oriented perfectionism than the older generations, higher levels of depressive symptoms and lower levels of autonomy, environmental mastery, purpose in life, and self-acceptance. Female millennials reported lower levels of narcissistic traits and higher levels of socially-prescribed perfectionism, depressive symptoms, personal growth, and positive relations with others than male participants. Older females indicated significantly higher levels of depressive symptoms and loneliness than male participants. Regarding association patterns, in the group of millennial women narcissism was positively correlated with self-oriented, socially-prescribed perfectionism and subjective well-being, and negatively with loneliness, environmental mastery and purpose in life. In millennial males, we found significant positive correlations only between narcissism and subjective well-being and environmental mastery. Our findings may have important implications for the literature regarding millennials and can contribute to the interventions and prevention programs designed to improve their well-being. Keywords: millennials, narcissism, perfectionism, mental health indicators, age and gender differences "

scholarly journals Relationships Among the Internal Health Locus of Control, Mental Health Problems, and Subjective Well-Being of Adults in South Korea

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1588
Author(s):  
Sunhwa Shin ◽  
Eunhye Lee
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Locus Of Control ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Health Locus Of Control ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of this study was to confirm the relationship between internal health locus of control, mental health problems, and subjective well-being in adults during the prolonged COVID-19 pandemic. In particular, the mediating effect of mental health problems on the relationship between internal health locus of control and subjective well-being was examined. A cross-sectional descriptive design was conducted via online survey. The participants were 600 adults over 20 years of age living in South Korea. The collected data were analyzed using hierarchical regression analysis and SPSS Process Macro (Model 4). As a result of the study, the internal health locus of control had a significant negative effect on mental health problems. In addition, in the process of the internal health locus of control affecting subjective well-being, the mediating effect of mental health problems was significantly shown. In the period of an infectious disease pandemic such as COVID-19, it is necessary to establish a strong internal health locus of control of individuals and to promote monitoring and treatment introduction for those with a low internal health locus of control. In addition, it was discussed that controlling mental health problems can improve subjective well-being, which is life satisfaction and happiness.

scholarly journals Causal and mediating factors for anxiety, depression and well-being

2015 ◽  
Vol 206 (6) ◽  
pp. 456-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Kinderman ◽  
Sara Tai ◽  
Eleanor Pontin ◽  
Matthias Schwannauer ◽  
Ian Jarman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Mediating Factors ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
The Relationship

BackgroundThe relationship between well-being and mental ill health is complex; people may experience very low levels of well-being even in the absence of overt mental health problems.AimsThis study tested the hypothesis that anxiety, depression and well-being have different causal determinants and psychological mediating mechanisms.MethodThe influence of causal and mediating factors on anxiety, depression and well-being were investigated in a cross-sectional online questionnaire survey hosted on a UK national broadcasting website.ResultsMultivariate conditional independence analysis of data from 27 397 participants revealed different association pathways for the two constructs. Anxiety and depression were associated with negative life events mediated by rumination; low levels of subjective well-being were associated with material deprivation and social isolation, mediated by adaptive coping style.ConclusionsOur findings support the ‘two continua’ model of the relationship between psychological well-being and mental health problems, with implications for both treatment and prevention.

scholarly journals Exploring the Associations Between Resilience, Dispositional Hope, Preventive Behaviours, Subjective Well-Being, and Psychological Health Among Adults During Early Stage of COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murat Yıldırım ◽  
Gökmen Arslan
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Dispositional Hope ◽  
The Times ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Health And Well Being

During the pandemic, people may experience various mental health problems. Psychological strengths may help them to cope with emerging challenges and foster mental health and well-being. This study examined the associations between resilience, dispositional hope, preventive behaviours, subjective well-being, and psychological health among adults during early stage of COVID-19. A total of 220 participants from general public participated this study completing a battery of measures (134 men [M age = 42.36 years, SD = 8.99, range = 18 to 60] and 86 women [M age = 36.73 years, SD = 7.44, range = 18 to 51]). This cross-section study indicated that resilience mediated the relationship between hope and psychological health and subjective well-being. Results also showed that hope, and resilience had significant direct effects on psychological health, and subjective well-being while preventive behaviours did not manifest a significant effect on these two variables except on resilience. Preventive behaviours mediated the relationship between hope and resilience. The results suggest that we should more pay attention to hope and resilience for the development and improvement of well-being and psychological health during the times of crisis.

scholarly journals Subjective well-being and mental health during the pandemic outbreak: Exploring the role of institutional trust

2020 ◽  
pp. 016402752097514
Author(s):  
Sunwoo Lee
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
News Media ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Institutional Trust ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
The Relationship

This study examined the relationship between material adversities due to pandemic crisis, institutional trust, and subjective well-being and mental health among middle-aged and older adults aged 50+ in Europe. The study used a cross-sectional design to examine Eurofound COVID-19 survey data collected from 27 European countries in April 2020. A total of 31,757 European middle aged and older adults aged 50 + were analyzed (Mean = 59.99, SD = 7.03). Analysis focused on the financial impact and material security in relation to pandemic lockdown, institutional trust (news media, police, national government, European Union, and healthcare system), and subjective well-being and mental health. Regression analysis indicated perceived insecurity in employment and housing, worsening finances, and difficulty paying for basic necessities were significantly related to respondents’ life satisfaction, happiness, self-rated health, mental health index, and psychological distress. Institutional trust partially mediated the relationship between perceived adversities and subjective well-being and mental health.

scholarly journals Resilience as a moderator in the relationship between burnout and subjective well-being among medical workers in Serbia during the COVID-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
pp. 70-70
Author(s):  
Teodora Safiye ◽  
Branimir Vukcevic ◽  
Milanko Cabarkapa
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Interaction Analysis ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Sociodemographic Data ◽  
Resilience Scale ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Resilience Training ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Negative Predictor

Background/Aim. During the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, exhaustion and difficulties at work can seriously endanger the mental health of medical workers. The aim of this study was to examine whether resilience is a moderator of association between burnout and subjective well-being among medical workers at the time of the pandemic. Methods. The research was conducted on a sample of 521 medical workers (354 female), among whom were 245 physicians and 276 medical technicians. The average age of the respondents was 38.66 years. Data were collected using online questionnaires comprising of the Brief Resilience Scale, the Work Burnout Scale, the Short Subjective Well-being Scale, and the Sociodemographic Data Questionnaire. Regression and interaction analysis (by SPSS macro ''PROCESS 3.5'', author A. F. Hayes) was used for data analysis and processing. Results. The results show that burnout is a significant negative predictor of subjective well-being of medical workers (? = -0.19; p <0.01), that resilience is a significant positive predictor of subjective well-being (? = 0.40; p <0.01), and that the interaction of resilience and burnout is a significant positive predictor of subjective well-being (? = 0.09; p <0.01). In subjects who had developed resilience at the level of +1 SD, the negative effect of burnout on subjective well-being was 2.8 times lower than in subjects who had resilience at the level of -1 SD. Conclusion. The findings of the study confirmed that resilience reduces the connection between burnout and subjective well-being, which is a significant argument that medical workers should be provided with resilience training programs in order to prevent burnout and preserve mental health during a pandemic.

HUBUNGAN ANTARA JENIS KELAMIN DAN OPTIMISME DENGAN COLLEGE STUDENT SUBJECTIVE WELL-BEING

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Septa Lia Ariska ◽  
Asri Mutiara Putri ◽  
Junaidi Junaidi
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
College Students ◽  
College Student ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
College Student Mental Health ◽  
Result Show ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACT: THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN GENDER, OPTIMISME, AND COLLEGE STUDENT SUBJECTIVE WELL-BEING One indicators of college student mental health is college student subjective well-being or abbreviated CSSWB. CSSWB in college students can be influenced by several factor, including gender and optimism . This research aims to determine the relationship between gender and optimism towards college student subjective well-being. This research is a quantitative research conducted on 423 college student from semesters 4 until 8 in Bandar Lampung. Data collection in this research using college student subjective well-being scale, optimism scale likert model, and demographic data. Thdta analyzed using using multiple regression. The result show that optimism is the main predictor in exlaining CSSWB. Further research, is expected to study other variables which can also affect college student subjective well-being. Keyword : Gender, Optimism, College Student Subjective Well-being, College Student Salah satu indikator kesehatan mental mahasiswa adalah college student subjecvtive well-being atau disingkat CSSWB. CSSWB pada mahasiswa dapat dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor antara lain jenis kelamin dan optimisme. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara jenis kelamin dan optimisme dengan college student subjective well-being. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif yang dilakukan pada 423 mahasiswa semester 4 sampai 8 di Bandar Lampung. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan skala College Student Subjective Well-being Questionary, skala Optimisme model likert, serta data demografi. Data dianalisis menggunakan regresi berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan optimisme sebagai prediktor utama dalam menjelaskan college student subjective well-being. Penelitian selanjutnya diharapkan dapat menambahkan variabel lain dalam melihat faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi college student subjective well-being. Kata Kunci : Jenis Kelamin, Optimisme, College Student Subjective Well-being, Mahasiswa

scholarly journals Religious Orientation and Subjective Well-being: The Mediating Role of Meaning in Life

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sukkyung You ◽  
Sun Ah Lim
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Meaning In Life ◽  
Religious Orientation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Female Group ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
The Relationship

The present study concerns the relationship between religious orientation, meaning in life, and subjective well-being, as well as the mediating influence of meaning in life on the relationship between religious orientation and subjective well-being. Gender differences in this relationship are also examined. The subjects of the study were 579 university students (33.5% male; Mage = 21.98, SDage = 4.33). Intrinsic religious orientation was found to be a significant predictor of subjective well-being via meaning in life in both the male and female groups. Furthermore, extrinsic religious orientation was found to be a significant predictor of subjective well-being via meaning in life in the female group only.

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