Amoebiasis as a Cause of Death in a Scottish Resident

1981 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 350-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. P. Edlin
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Entamoeba Histolytica ◽  
Elderly Woman ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Provisional Diagnosis ◽  
Colonic Ulceration

An elderly woman, resident throughout her life in Scotland presented with abdominal pain and diarrhoea. A provisional diagnosis of ulcerative colitis was made on sigmoidoscopy. At post mortem Entamoeba Histolytica was demonstrated in considerable numbers in the mucosal ulcers. It would appear though extremely rare that amoebiasis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of colonic ulceration.

Postmortem Diagnosis of Hypertonic Dehydration by Chemical Analysis of Vitreous Humor

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (11) ◽  
pp. 2650-2653
Author(s):  
Simona Irina Damian ◽  
Paul Nedelea ◽  
Sofia David ◽  
Anton Knieling ◽  
Sorin Moldoveanu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Vitreous Humor ◽  
The Other ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Postmortem Diagnosis ◽  
Post Mortem Interval ◽  
Biochemical Analyses ◽  
Diagnosis Criteria ◽  
Survival Interval

The aim of forensic autopsy is to accurately reconstitute, as much as possible, the circumstances of death (the cause of death and the mechanism of death, the post-mortem interval, the related pathology and its role, the survival interval). Post-mortem biochemical analyses can help to various extents in establishing these issues. In order to elucidate the issue of post-mortem biochemical investigations, we conducted an analysis of forensic casuistry within a delimited territory, for a period of 3 years in order to identify the elements necessary for the diagnosis of hypertonic dehydration. By grouping the cases depending on the immediate cause of death, the diagnosis criteria for hypertonic dehydration showed the possibility of performing the differential diagnosis by biochemical analyses performed in vitreous humor (sodium, chlorine, urea, creatinine), the criteria being not met in any of the other groups.

scholarly journals An elderly woman with intermittent and progressive abdominal pain

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adnan Ather Malik ◽  
Dana Mahdi ◽  
Lydia Salem Yosief ◽  
Umar Butt ◽  
Andrzej Luckiewicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Elderly Woman

scholarly journals Successful treatment of recurrent volvulus in the afferent limb of the pouch following proctocolectomy for ulcerative colitis: a case report

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michio Itabashi ◽  
Yoshiko Bamba ◽  
Hisako Aihara ◽  
Kimitaka Tani ◽  
Ryousuke Nakagawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Lower Abdominal Pain ◽  
Anterior Wall ◽  
Middle Part ◽  
Presacral Space ◽  
Previous Surgery ◽  
Afferent Limb ◽  
Radiographic Findings ◽  
Oral Side

Abstract Background Pouch volvulus after proctocolectomy for ulcerative colitis is a very rare postoperative complication. The common site of pouch volvulus has been reported to be the ileal pouch–anal anastomosis and the middle part of the pouch, but no reports on pouch volvulus in the afferent limb of the pouch have been observed. Here, we report the case of a patient with afferent limb volvulus who underwent afferent limbpexy, but required reoperation 7 months later. Case presentation A 38-year-old man with refractory ulcerative colitis had undergone open proctocolectomy 10 years ago at another hospital. He had been aware of lower abdominal pain and bowel movement difficulty for 2 years. After repeated bowel obstruction, he was referred to our hospital for surgery. Based on the radiographic findings, we diagnosed a pouch volvulus and performed an operation. Laparoscopically, counterclockwise rotation of the afferent limb of the pouch was recognized. Moreover, the ileal mesentery was adhered and fixed to the presacral space 20 cm from the oral side of the pouch. The antimesenteric side of the afferent limb was fixed using interrupted stiches on the left peritoneal wall of the pelvis. He was discharged uneventfully 18 days after surgery, and defecation improved immediately. However, he was readmitted 7 months after surgery with the same abdominal pain and defecation difficulty. A similar finding was found and diagnosed as recurrent volvulus. Therefore, we performed a laparoscopic surgery. The same volvulus as in the previous surgery was confirmed. The site fixed during the previous surgery showed scars, but the afferent limb was free. The dilated ileum that contained the volvulus was excised only on the oral side of the pouch and an intraluminal anastomosis was performed on the anterior wall of the pouch. He had a good postoperative course and was discharged. Conclusion Proper diagnosis of volvulus based on the characteristic imaging findings is important. In principle, bilateral row fixation of the rotated ileum is the basic procedure for volvulus. However, fixation with this technique is sometimes difficult. Therefore, this procedure is one of the useful options for the fixation of difficult or recurrent cases.

Consultation between forensic and clinical pathologists for histopathology examination after forensic autopsy

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 25-35
Author(s):  
Vito Cirielli ◽  
Federica Bortolotti ◽  
Luca Cima ◽  
Zeno De Battisti ◽  
Giovanna Del Balzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Molecular Analysis ◽  
Real World ◽  
Routine Practice ◽  
Working Relationships ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Macroscopic Findings ◽  
Diagnostic Benefit ◽  
Histopathology Examination

The magnitude of the diagnostic benefit conferred by performing histopathological examinations after medico-legal/forensic autopsies remains debatable. We have tried to address this issue by reviewing a series of histopathology referrals concerning medico-legal autopsies in real-world routine practice. We present an audit of the consultations provided to forensics by clinical pathologists at our institute between 2015 and 2018. Over this period, 493 post-mortem examinations were performed by forensic pathologists. Of these cases, 52 (11%) were referred for histopathology. Gross assessment was requested in 22/52 (42%) cases. Histopathology examination was performed on single organs in 15/52 (29%) cases, primarily on the lung and heart, whereas parenchymatous multi-organ analysis was carried out in 14/52 (27%) cases. Bone-marrow sampling was studied in 4/52 (8%) cases. Immunohistochemistry was needed in 16/52 (31%) cases, special stains in 9/52 (21%) cases and molecular analysis in 4/52 (8%) cases. Focusing on technical processes, standard methodology on pre-analytical procedures was changed in 10/52 (19%) cases in order to answer specific diagnostic questions. We showed that although most of the time the diagnosis is clear by the end of dissection on the basis of the macroscopic findings, histopathology can provide, modify or confirm the cause of death in many medico-legal/forensic cases. Therefore, it is desirable that forensic pathologists and clinical pathologists establish robust working relationships in a cooperative environment. We conclude that it is important to implement guidelines based on real-world routine practice in order to identify cases where histopathology can provide useful contributions, which in our experience applied to 11% of forensic cases.

Huge retrovesical hydatid cyst with pelvic localization as the primary site: a case report

2007 ◽  
Vol 48 (8) ◽  
pp. 918-920 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Halefoglu ◽  
A. Yasar
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Hydatid Cyst ◽  
Cystic Mass ◽  
Primary Site ◽  
Cystic Disease ◽  
The World ◽  
Indirect Hemagglutination ◽  
Indirect Hemagglutination Test

We present a patient with symptoms of abdominal pain and frequent urination due to a huge mass in the retrovesical region. All imaging modalities revealed a cystic mass containing small daughter cysts located between the urinary bladder and rectum. Its characteristics led us to suspect the presence of a hydatid cyst, and an indirect hemagglutination test for Echinococcus granulosus was found positive. No other involvement of hydatid cystic disease was detected. The primary site for the hydatid disease was therefore regarded as the pelvis, on which only a few cases have been reported previously. The patient started albendazole therapy, but refused operation. Hydatid cyst should always be considered in the differential diagnosis of abdominopelvic masses in endemic regions of the world.

Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Constipation

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Loni Tang ◽  
Brooks D. Cash
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Digital Rectal Examination ◽  
Recurrent Abdominal Pain ◽  
Differential Diagnoses ◽  
Rectal Examination ◽  
Stool Form ◽  
Alarm Features ◽  
Irritable Bowel

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is characterized by recurrent abdominal pain or discomfort that has occurred at least 3 days per month in the 3 months prior to diagnosis. One of the subtypes of this disorder is IBS with constipation (IBS-C), where individuals experience hard or lumpy stools at least 25% of the time and loose or watery stools less than 25% of the time with defecation. This review addresses IBS-C, detailing the epidemiology, etiology, pathophysiology and pathogenesis, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis. A figure shows the Bristol stool form scale. Tables list IBS subtypes, components of digital rectal examination, differential diagnoses for IBS and IBS-C, alarm features, and the American College of Gastroenterology Recommendations. This review contains 1 highly rendered figure, 6 tables, and 71 references. 

TETANY AND PARATHYROID HYPERPLASIA IN THE NEWBORN INFANT: INFLUENCE OF DIETARY PHOSPHATE LOAD

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1952 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 534-543
Author(s):  
LYTT I. GARDNER
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Newborn Infant ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Parathyroid Hyperplasia ◽  
Similar Data ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Inorganic P ◽  
Dietary Phosphate ◽  
The Relationship

Three cases of newborn tetany are described, pointing out the relationship between dietary phosphate load and the manifestations of this disease. An additional three newborn infants are described who showed other symptomatology than tetany in association with dietary phosphate load. [See Table 1 in Source Pdf]. Data concerning diet, cause of death and degree of parathyroid hyperplasia are tabulated in eight newborns who were found to have parathyroid hyperplasia at autopsy. Similar data are tabulated on eight newborns and five older children who were found to have normal parathyroid glands at autopsy. Several other factors possibly involved in newborn tetany and newborn parathyroid hyperplasia are discussed. The importance of measuring serum inorganic P in the differential diagnosis of neonatal distress is pointed out.

Calprotectin (S100 A8/A9) and TNF-alpha in differential diagnosis of chronic abdominal pain in children

2017 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-10
Author(s):  
Stanisław Pieczarkowski ◽  
Kinga Kowalska-Duplaga ◽  
Andrzej Wędrychowicz ◽  
Krzysztof Fyderek ◽  
Przemko Kwinta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders ◽  
Fecal Calprotectin ◽  
Chronic Abdominal Pain ◽  
Tnf Alpha ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disorders ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

<i>Introduction:</i> Chronic abdominal pain in children is a very frequent and sometimes challenging diagnostic issue. Differential diagnosis in that cases is difficult and often connected with numerous, time-consuming, expensive, and frequently stressful diagnostic studies. The aim of the study was to establish whether fecal calprotectin concentration (FCC) and TNF-alpha may be useful in children with chronic abdominal pain to differentiate between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), other inflammatory gastrointestinal disorders, and functional gastrointestinal disorders. Methods. The study included patients (median age 13 years), who were assigned to functional gastrointestinal disorders group (n=33); inflammatory gastrointestinal disorders other than IBD (n=71), children with IBD (n=37) and 22 healthy children served as a control group. The concertation of FCC and TNF-alpha in stool samples was measured using ELISA. <i>Results:</i> In healthy children and in children with functional disorders FCCs were below 100 μg/g. In patients with IBD FCCs and TNF-alpha were markedly elevated as compare to children with functional gastrointestinal disorders, however using ROC discrimination of IBD patients was significantly better using FCC than TNF-alpha. <i>Conclusion:</i> FCC is better test for differentiation between IBD, other inflammatory gastrointestinal disorders, and functional gastrointestinal disorders as compare to TNF-alpha concentration in stool. FCC as screening test in patients with chronic abdominal pain should allow to diminish unnecessary diagnostic in cases of functional gastrointestinal disorders.

scholarly journals Trypanosoma cruzi meningoencephalitis and myocarditis in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

1993 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ademir Rocha ◽  
Marcelo S. Ferreira ◽  
Sergio A. Nishioka ◽  
Marcos Silva ◽  
Marcius K. N. Burgarelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
The Other ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Male Heterosexual

We report the case of a 52-year-old male heterosexual patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and reactivation of Chagas' disease manifested by meningoencephalitis and myocarditis, diagnosed post-mortem. Unexplained reactivation of Chagas' disease should be included among the diagnostic criteria of AIDS in human immunodeficiency virus positive patients. On the other hand, AIDS should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients with unexplained reactivation of Chagas' disease.

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