A Scottish Doctor's Association with the Discovery of the Plague Bacdllus

1995 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 184-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.L. Yule
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Yersinia Pestis ◽  
Great Majority ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
Black Death ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Negative Bacillus ◽  
Gram Negative Bacillus ◽  
British Colony ◽  
Disease Spreading

Plague killed at least a quarter of the population of Europe in 1348.‘ This was the first wave of the epidemic known as ‘The Black Death’ which continued for two years and then recurred sporadically till the late 17th Century. In London in 1603, 22.6% of the population died from plague and in the outbreak known as The Great Plague of London in 1694 there were over 70,000 deaths out of a population of 460,000. Many English villages were completely wiped out at this time. Marseilles suffered severely in 1720. The next serious outbreak was in Canton in China in 1894, the disease spreading to Hong Kong. 80,000 died, the great majority of these being in China. A Scottish doctor played an important part in the management of this epidemic when it reached the British colony, and by chance found himself on the periphery of the controversy about who first discovered Yersinia Pestis, the Gram negative bacillus that causes plague.

Plague and Plague Vaccines

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khrystyna Hrynkevych ◽  
Heinz-Josef Schmitt
Keyword(s):  
Yersinia Pestis ◽  
Democratic Republic ◽  
Democratic Republic Of Congo ◽  
Subunit Vaccines ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Whole Cell ◽  
Negative Bacillus ◽  
Gram Negative Bacillus ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Repeated Dosing

Plague is a zoonosis caused by the Gram-negative bacillus, Yersinia pestis, a member of the Enterobacteriaceae family. Madagascar, the Democratic Republic of Congo and Peru are still considered highly endemic for plague; however, the bacterium also exists in some regions in Asia and the USA. First symptoms occur 1 to 7 days after exposure. There are three clinical forms of plague: bubonic, pneumonic, and septicemic plague. Transmitted as an aerosol, Y. pestis has been developed as a biological weapon. There are adjuvanted whole-cell vaccines which need repeated dosing, and which are highly reactogenic; subunit vaccines are in development.

scholarly journals Bipolar staining of gram-negative bacillus in cerebrospinal fluid

Blood ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 124 (18) ◽  
pp. 2892-2892
Author(s):  
Lori D. Racsa ◽  
Eileen M. Burd
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Negative Bacillus ◽  
Gram Negative Bacillus

scholarly journals Meningitis Caused by Salmonella Newport in a Five-Year-Old Child

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Ana De Malet ◽  
Sheila Ingerto ◽  
Israel Gañán
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Invasive Disease ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Negative Bacillus ◽  
Salmonella Newport ◽  
Gram Negative Bacillus ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Salmonella Newport is a Gram-negative bacillus belonging to the Enterobacteria family and the nontyphi Salmonella (NTS), usually related to gastroenteritis. Main difference between NTS and Salmonella typhi is that the last one evolves to an invasive disease easier than NTS. These can progress to bacteremias in around 5% of cases and secondary focuses can appear occasionally, as in meningitis. An infection of the central nervous system is uncommon, considering its incidence in 0.6–8% of the cases; most of them are described in developing countries and mainly in childhood, especially neonates. Bacterial meningitis by NTS mostly affects immunosuppressed people in Europe. Prognosis is adverse, with a 50% mortality rate, mainly due to complications of infection: hydrocephalus, ventriculitis, abscesses, subdural empyema, or stroke. Choice antibiotic treatments are cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, or ceftazidime. The aim of this paper is to present a case of meningitis caused by Salmonella Newport diagnosed in a five-year-old girl living in a rural area of the province of Ourense (Spain), with favorable evolution and without neurological disorders.

Melioidosis and glanders

2010 ◽  
pp. 768-772
Author(s):  
S.J. Peacock
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Northern Australia ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Negative Bacillus ◽  
North East ◽  
Serious Infection ◽  
The World ◽  
Gram Negative Bacillus ◽  
Sixth Decade

Melioidosis is a serious infection caused by the soil-dwelling Gram-negative bacillus Burkholderia pseudomallei. It is most commonly reported in north-east Thailand and northern Australia, but is increasingly recognized around the world. Infection is predominantly acquired through bacterial inoculation, often related to occupation, and mostly affects adults between the fourth and sixth decade who have risk factors such as diabetes mellitus and renal impairment....

scholarly journals Melioidosis with Septic Shock and Disseminated Infection in a Neutropenic Patient Receiving Chemotherapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Sitthi Sukauichai ◽  
Chantana Pattarowas
Keyword(s):  
Septic Shock ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Burkholderia Pseudomallei ◽  
Neutropenic Patient ◽  
Pulmonary Nodules ◽  
Severe Infection ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Negative Bacillus ◽  
Gram Negative Bacillus ◽  
Chemotherapy Induced Neutropenia

Melioidosis is a bacterial infection, caused by Gram-negative bacillus, Burkholderia pseudomallei, widespread in Southeast Asia and the northern part of Australia, resulting in a high mortality rate in severe infection. However, it has rarely been reported in patients with chemotherapy-induced neutropenia. The authors described a case of melioidosis in a neutropenic patient presenting with septic shock after receiving chemotherapy. Blood and urine cultures were positive for Burkholderia pseudomallei, and CT scan showed multiple pulmonary nodules and hepatosplenic abscesses. The patient was successfully treated with antibiotics for the infection and with combined modalities for a malignancy.

A Gram-negative Bacillus Infection Causing Gill Lesions in Cultured Rockfish Sebastes schlegeli

2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 143-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatsuya Kobayashi ◽  
Makoto Imai ◽  
Yoshifumi Kawaguchi
Keyword(s):  
Sebastes Schlegeli ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Negative Bacillus ◽  
Gram Negative Bacillus

scholarly journals Intraocular lipopolysaccharide examination for early diagnosis of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia endophthalmitis: a case report

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (8) ◽  
pp. 030006052092986
Author(s):  
Li Chen ◽  
Zhuo Zai Xu ◽  
Yong Tao
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Stenotrophomonas Maltophilia ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Hand Motion ◽  
Bacterial Endophthalmitis ◽  
Negative Bacillus ◽  
Gram Negative Bacillus ◽  
Intraocular Fluid

This report describes the presence of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia endophthalmitis after phacoemulsification in a 66-year-old woman. The patient presented with ocular redness and pain, as well as hypopyon in the anterior chamber and reduction of visual acuity to hand motion. Intraocular fluid examination revealed a lipopolysaccharide level of >2.5, which suggested bacterial endophthalmitis. The patient was promptly treated with intravitreal ceftazidime 2 mg and vancomycin 1 mg, as well as intravenous infusion of cefuroxime 750 mg, all administered simultaneously at 12-hour intervals. She also received topical levofloxacin eyedrops, once per hour. Subsequently, pathology culture confirmed the presence of the Gram-negative bacillus, S. maltophilia. The presence of lipopolysaccharide in intraocular fluid is an important early indicator of bacterial endophthalmitis, which can provide guidance for clinical treatment.

Proteeae Groin Skin Carriage in Ambulatory Geriatric Outpatients

1989 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 150-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Joel Ehrenkranz ◽  
Debra G. Eckert ◽  
Blanca C. Alfonso ◽  
Lee B. Moskowitz
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Home ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Nursing Homes ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Negative Bacillus ◽  
Annual Prevalence ◽  
Skin Ulcers ◽  
Gram Negative Bacillus ◽  
One Year ◽  
Private Homes

AbstractAerobic gram-negative bacillus (AGNB) groin skin carriage was prospectively studied in ambulatory geriatric outpatients: 42 from three nursing homes and 44 from private homes. Initially, 12 (28.6%) Proteeae carriers were in the former group and 3 (6.8%) were in the latter (P=0.01). At one year, 6 of 7 surviving nursing home carriers remained Proteeae carriers while none from private homes remained carriers (P=0.007). The annual prevalence of Proteeae carriage was 14 (33.3%) in nursing homes and 4 (9.1%) in private homes (P=0.008); of non-Proteeae AGNB carriage, the annual prevalence was 2 (4.8%) and 4 (11.4%), respectively. Nursing home subjects had similar initial health characteristics; however, by one year, 5 of 12 carriers in contrast to 3 of 30 noncarriers were dead of chronic disease (P=0.03). These nursing homes included persons with chronic diseases that apparently facilitated Proteeae carriage. Urethral catheters, skin ulcers, and recent antibiotics were not factors.

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