Perspectives on textile cleanliness – detecting human sebum residues on worn clothing

Human sebum is one of the major constituents of oily organic soils found in worn clothing. While there are methods to evaluate visible aspects of fabric cleanliness, such as stains, there is no objective method to detect skin oils transferred to the garment through contact with the human body. This research aims at establishing the feasibility of using ozone decay rates in the presence of soiled fabric samples as a metric for measuring the amount of sebum. Our central hypothesis is based on the fact that ozone is highly reactive with some of the primary compounds found in skin lipids originating from sebaceous gland secretions. Ozone decay experiments were conducted in the presence of fabric samples contaminated with known amounts of sebum and modeled using the exponential decay function. The results obtained exhibited a significant relationship between the soil add-on and the ozone decay rates. The presence of skin lipids on fabric accelerated ozone decay. It appears feasible based on our results to detect the presence of soils on garments and thus assess cleanliness using the variation of ozone decay rates.

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Exposição a Risco e Captação em Fundos de Investimento: os Cotistas Monitoram a Alocação de Ativos?

Brazilian Review of Finance ◽

10.12660/rbfin.v11n4.2013.10295 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 527

Author(s):

Rafael Felipe Schiozer ◽

Diego Lins de Albuquerque Pennachi Tejerina

Keyword(s):

Risk Perception ◽

Mutual Funds ◽

Asset Allocation ◽

Significant Relationship ◽

Fixed Income ◽

Fund Managers ◽

Central Hypothesis ◽

Lehman Brothers ◽

The Impact ◽

Net Flows

This study investigates the impact of asset allocation on the net flow of fixed income funds in the Brazilian market, by exploiting the exogenous variation in the risk perception of bank liabilities (CDs) caused by the financial turmoil that followed Lehman Brothers’ demise in September 2008. The central hypothesis is that the exposure to assets negatively affected by the crisis impacts negatively the fund’s net flow. We find that, for mutual funds, the larger proportion of assets negatively affected by the crisis the larger the net outflow of resources, indicating that shareholders monitor asset allocation and exert disciplining power on fund managers by withdrawing their resources. In exclusive (fundos exclusivos, i.e., funds with a single shareholder), for which the shareholder is presumed to exert more influence on asset reallocation, we find no significant relationship between the exposure to assets negatively affected by the crisis and net flows.

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Finding handaxe homogeneity from the expedient assemblage in Korea

Science and Technology Development Journal ◽

10.32508/stdj.v19i3.481 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 19 (3) ◽

pp. 77-94

Author(s):

Hyeong Woo Lee

Keyword(s):

Quantitative Analysis ◽

Human Behavior ◽

Significant Relationship ◽

Objective Method ◽

Technological Complexity ◽

Pattern Of Variation

The symmetrical perspective is crucial for understanding human behavior. Paleolithic handaxes are a good candidate for such a quantitative analysis. To avoid individual and arbitrary judgments, a more objective method is required. Recently, plausible means of metrical measurements have been introduced. One of them, the ‘flip test’, is used to quantify various aspects of Korean Paleolithic handaxes. Normally, the handaxes in Korea are from the assemblage which dominated by expediently made core and flake tools. Unlike typical Acheulean handaxes, the handaxes from Korea do not show strong standardization tendency. The primary question is whether the strong pattern of variation in a continuous single direction or not (e.g. an increasing degree of symmetry with decreasing site age would indicate increased cultural and technological complexity). However, the results do not fully demonstrate a significant relationship. In other words, symmetrical homogeneity has been observed.

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Organochlorine chemicals in skin lipids as an index of their accumulation in the human body

Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology ◽

10.1007/bf01055336 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 21 (2) ◽

pp. 190-194 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Kumiko Sasaki ◽

Takashi Ishizaka ◽

Takashi Suzuki ◽

Mitsuharu Takeda ◽

Mitsuru Uchiyama

Keyword(s):

Human Body ◽

Skin Lipids

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Moment decay rates of stochastic differential equations with time-varying delay

Filomat ◽

10.2298/fil1001115j ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

pp. 115-132 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Svetlana Jankovic ◽

Gorica Pavlovic

Keyword(s):

Decay Rates ◽

Time Varying ◽

Coercivity Conditions ◽

Decay Function ◽

General Decay Rate ◽

Variable Time Delay ◽

Time Varying Delay ◽

Special Cases ◽

Moment Stability ◽

Varying Delay

One of the most important questions, especially in applications, is how to choose a decay function in the study of stability for a concrete equation. Motivated by the fact that the coefficients of the considered equation mainly suggest the choice of the decay function, the point of analysis in the paper is to carry out the Lyapunov function approach and to state coercivity conditions dependent on decay in the study of the pth moment stability with a general decay rate for a certain stochastic differential equation with variable time delay. Some criteria including the usual exponential decay are discussed, particularly the ones with a concave decay, special cases of which are polynomial and logarithmic decays. Some consequences and examples are given to illustrate the theory. 2010 Mathematics Subject Classification. 60H10, 60H35. .

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Disappearance Voltage Determinations Using a Convergent Beam

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100064979 ◽

1971 ◽

Vol 29 ◽

pp. 184-185

Author(s):

W. L. Bell

Keyword(s):

Second Order ◽

Objective Method ◽

Uniform Thickness ◽

Rocking Curve ◽

Crystal Perfection ◽

Kikuchi Line ◽

Central Maximum ◽

Diffraction Patterns ◽

Convergent Beam ◽

Beam Technique

Disappearance voltages for second order reflections can be determined experimentally in a variety of ways. The more subjective methods, such as Kikuchi line disappearance and bend contour imaging, involve comparing a series of diffraction patterns or micrographs taken at intervals throughout the disappearance range and selecting that voltage which gives the strongest disappearance effect. The estimated accuracies of these methods are both to within 10 kV, or about 2-4%, of the true disappearance voltage, which is quite sufficient for using these voltages in further calculations. However, it is the necessity of determining this information by comparisons of exposed plates rather than while operating the microscope that detracts from the immediate usefulness of these methods if there is reason to perform experiments at an unknown disappearance voltage.The convergent beam technique for determining the disappearance voltage has been found to be a highly objective method when it is applicable, i.e. when reasonable crystal perfection exists and an area of uniform thickness can be found. The criterion for determining this voltage is that the central maximum disappear from the rocking curve for the second order spot.

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Microstructural comparison of synthetic bioceramics with natural bioceramics

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100084491 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 49 ◽

pp. 38-39

Author(s):

Shulin Wen ◽

Jingwei Feng ◽

A. Krajewski ◽

A. Ravaglioli

Keyword(s):

Recent Work ◽

Human Body ◽

Human Tissues ◽

Main Constituent ◽

Laboratory Furnace ◽

Chinese Adult ◽

Human Enamel ◽

Biological Compatibility ◽

Synthetic Hydroxyapatite ◽

Synthetic Work

Hydroxyapatite bioceramics has attracted many material scientists as it is the main constituent of the bone and the teeth in human body. The synthesis of the bioceramics has been performed for years. Nowadays, the synthetic work is not only focused on the hydroapatite but also on the fluorapatite and chlorapatite bioceramics since later materials have also biological compatibility with human tissues; and they may also be very promising for clinic purpose. However, in comparison of the synthetic bioceramics with natural one on microstructure, a great differences were observed according to our previous results. We have investigated these differences further in this work since they are very important to appraise the synthetic bioceramics for their clinic application.The synthetic hydroxyapatite and chlorapatite were prepared according to A. Krajewski and A. Ravaglioli and their recent work. The briquettes from different hydroxyapatite or chlorapatite powders were fired in a laboratory furnace at the temperature of 900-1300°C. The samples of human enamel selected for the comparison with synthetic bioceramics were from Chinese adult teeth.

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Ultrastructure of the soil fungus, Geomyces pannorus

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100113573 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 42 ◽

pp. 738-739

Author(s):

J. A. Traquair ◽

E. G. Kokko

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽

Fine Structure ◽

Low Temperatures ◽

Soil Fungus ◽

Organic Soils ◽

Anatomical Studies ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Electron Microscopical ◽

Scanning Electron

With the advent of improved dehydration techniques, scanning electron microscopy has become routine in anatomical studies of fungi. Fine structure of hyphae and spore surfaces has been illustrated for many hyphomycetes, and yet, the ultrastructure of the ubiquitous soil fungus, Geomyces pannorus (Link) Sigler & Carmichael has been neglected. This presentation shows that scanning and transmission electron microscopical data must be correlated in resolving septal structure and conidial release in G. pannorus.Although it is reported to be cellulolytic but not keratinolytic, G. pannorus is found on human skin, animals, birds, mushrooms, dung, roots, and frozen meat in addition to various organic soils. In fact, it readily adapts to growth at low temperatures.

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Study on erythrocytes by SEM photogrammetry (SEMP) technique

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100161187 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 48 (3) ◽

pp. 724-725

Author(s):

Tong Wensheng ◽

Lu Lianhuang ◽

Zhang Zhijun

Keyword(s):

Quantitative Analysis ◽

Cell Membrane ◽

Clinical Diagnosis ◽

Human Body ◽

Blood Cells ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Normal Person ◽

Blood Disease ◽

Computation Technique ◽

Important Basis

This is a combined study of two diffirent branches, photogrammetry and morphology of blood cells. The three dimensional quantitative analysis of erythrocytes using SEMP technique, electron computation technique and photogrammetry theory has made it possible to push the study of mophology of blood cells from LM, TEM, SEM to a higher stage, that of SEM P. A new path has been broken for deeply study of morphology of blood cells.In medical view, the abnormality of the quality and quantity of erythrocytes is one of the important changes of blood disease. It shows the abnormal blood—making function of the human body. Therefore, the study of the change of shape on erythrocytes is the indispensable and important basis of reference in the clinical diagnosis and research of blood disease.The erythrocytes of one normal person, three PNH Patients and one AA patient were used in this experiment. This research determines the following items: Height;Length of two axes (long and short), ratio; Crevice in depth and width of cell membrane; Circumference of erythrocytes; Isoline map of erythrocytes; Section map of erythrocytes.

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Ultrastructure of Mouse Basal Cell Carcinoma Exhibiting Sebaceous Differentiation

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s1431927600003214 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 38 ◽

pp. 738-739

Author(s):

Victoria L. Wade ◽

Winslow G. Sheldon ◽

James W. Townsend ◽

William Allaben

Keyword(s):

Basal Cell Carcinoma ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Topical Application ◽

Basal Cell ◽

Sebaceous Gland ◽

Rats And Mice ◽

Mixed Tumors

Sebaceous gland tumors and other tumors exhibiting sebaceous differentiation have been described in humans (1,2,3). Tumors of the sebaceous gland can be induced in rats and mice following topical application of carcinogens (4), but spontaneous mixed tumors of basal cell origin rarely occur in mice.

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