‘BOMBILE’ – Newest enemy to our sight? – A case series

2021 ◽  
pp. 004947552110368
Author(s):  
Pranidhi Sharda ◽  
Praveen Panwar
Keyword(s):  
Public Education ◽  
General Population ◽  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Blast Injuries ◽  
Severe Injuries ◽  
Surface Burn ◽  
Gas Cooking

As possession of a mobile phone becomes ubiquitous in the general population, its hazards, especially for vision, should be better known and understood. Although blast injuries are common in war, gas cooking and with firecrackers, mobile phone blasts, popularly known as BOMBILE (Blast of Mobile Battery in the Living Eye), are becoming more and more frequent. We present three cases phone battery explosion diagnosed with ocular surface burn. Although none had severe injuries and vision was salvageable and no visual or cosmetic impairment resulted, this may not always be so. Public education, producer liability, and better technological solutions are urgently required to lessen the risks.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Dry Eye after Implantable Collamer Lens Surgery

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haiting Chen ◽  
Xueyan Feng ◽  
Guangzeng Niu ◽  
Yuxiang Fan
Keyword(s):  
Dry Eye ◽  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Meibomian Gland ◽  
Quality Score ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ocular Surface Disease Index ◽  
Implantable Collamer Lens ◽  
Lens Surgery ◽  
Breakup Time

<b><i>Objectives:</i></b> To evaluate dry eye (DE) and associated meibomian gland dysfunction parameters after Implantable Collamer Lens (ICL) surgery. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This is a prospective observational case series. Patients who underwent ICL implantation without previous ocular diseases or ophthalmic treatments were enrolled. Their Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI), noninvasive breakup time (NIBUT), meibography, slit-lamp examination of the lid margin, corneal fluorescein staining (CFS), and Schirmer test I were examined preoperatively and at 1 and 3 months postoperatively. <b><i>Results:</i></b> A total of 117 eyes of 60 patients were enrolled, and 107 eyes completed 3-month follow-up period. OSDI, lid marginal abnormality, and meibomian gland (MG) secretion, and meibum quality score were significantly higher at 1 month postoperatively and recovered partially at 3 months after surgeries, while NIBUT was significantly decreased all the time. Patients with previous DE symptoms (OSDI score ≥12) showed not only lower Schirmer and TBUT values but also higher CFS, lid margin score, MG loss, MG secretion, and meibum quality scores compared with those in the control group after operations. Low Schirmer, NIBUT values, and high meibum quality score were determined as risk factors for DE symptoms after ICL surgery. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> ICL implantation has a bad influence on the ocular surface and MG functions. The influence may be more obvious in patients with existing DE.

Bilateral ocular surface squamous neoplasia: A study of 25 patients and review of literature

2021 ◽  
pp. 112067212110071
Author(s):  
Vijitha S Vempuluru ◽  
Monalisha Pattnaik ◽  
Neha Ghose ◽  
Swathi Kaliki
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Topical Steroid ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Intraepithelial Neoplasia ◽  
Excisional Biopsy ◽  
Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia ◽  
Retrospective Case

Purpose: To describe the risk factors, clinical presentation, management, and outcomes of patients with bilateral ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN). Methods: Retrospective case series. Results: Of the 25 patients with bilateral OSSN, the mean age at diagnosis of OSSN was 31 years (median, 24 years; range, 2–60 years). Risk factors for bilateral OSSN included xeroderma pigmentosum ( n = 15, 60%), human immunodeficiency virus infection ( n = 3, 12%), conjunctival xerosis ( n = 1, 4%), and topical steroid use ( n = 1, 4%). There were no identifiable ocular or systemic risk factors in 7 (28%) patients. Presentation was synchronous in 14 (56%) and metachronous in 11 (44%) patients. Tumor morphology was bilaterally similar in 12 (48%) patients. Histopathological examination ( n = 36) revealed conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) grade 1 in 4 (8%); grade 2 in 7 (14%); carcinoma in situ in 5 (10%), and invasive carcinoma in 20 (40%). Primary management of OSSN ( n = 49) included excisional biopsy ( n = 31, 62%), topical immunotherapy (IFN α2B) ( n = 11; 22%), topical Mitomycin C (MMC) ( n = 3, 6%), enucleation ( n = 1, 2%), orbital exenteration ( n = 2, 4%), and plaque brachytherapy (PBT) ( n = 1, 2%). One patient was lost to follow-up after detection of tumor in the second eye. Recurrent tumors were noted in 16 (32%) eyes and binocular globe salvage was achieved in 16 (64%) patients at a mean follow up of 41 months (median 30 months; range, 1–164 months). Conclusion: OSSN occurrence can be synchronous or metachronous. Meticulous examination of the fellow eye is important for an early diagnosis of OSSN.

COVID-19 during pregnancy: an overview of maternal characteristics, clinical symptoms, maternal and neonatal outcomes of 10,996 cases described in 15 countries

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (9) ◽  
pp. 900-911 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernesto Antonio Figueiro-Filho ◽  
Mark Yudin ◽  
Dan Farine
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Neonatal Outcomes ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Maternal Characteristics ◽  
Th2 Immune Response ◽  
Maternal And Neonatal Outcomes

AbstractThe objective of this review was to identify the most significant studies reporting on COVID-19 during pregnancy and to provide an overview of SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnant women and perinatal outcomes. Eligibility criteria included all reports, reviews; case series with more than 100 individuals and that reported at least three of the following: maternal characteristics, maternal COVID-19 clinical presentation, pregnancy outcomes, maternal outcomes and/or neonatal/perinatal outcomes. We included eight studies that met the inclusion criteria, representing 10,966 cases distributed in 15 countries around the world until July 20, 2020. The results of our review demonstrate that the maternal characteristics, clinical symptoms, maternal and neonatal outcomes almost 11,000 cases of COVID-19 and pregnancy described in 15 different countries are not worse or different from the general population. We suggest that pregnant women are not more affected by the respiratory complications of COVID-19, when compared to the outcomes described in the general population. We also suggest that the important gestational shift Th1-Th2 immune response, known as a potential contributor to the severity in cases of viral infections during pregnancy, are counter-regulated by the enhanced-pregnancy-induced ACE2-Ang-(1–7) axis. Moreover, the relatively small number of reported cases during pregnancy does not allow us to affirm that COVID-19 is more aggressive during pregnancy. Conversely, we also suggest, that down-regulation of ACE2 receptors induced by SARS-CoV-2 cell entry might have been detrimental in subjects with pre-existing ACE2 deficiency associated with pregnancy. This association might explain the worse perinatal outcomes described in the literature.

Long-term outcomes of Boston keratoprosthesis type I: the Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital experience

2021 ◽  
pp. bjophthalmol-2019-315617
Author(s):  
Li-Qiang Wang ◽  
Teng-Yun Wu ◽  
Xiao-Niao Chen ◽  
Ze-Quan Xu ◽  
Min Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Hospital ◽  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Retention Rate ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Type I ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Boston Keratoprosthesis ◽  
People's Liberation Army ◽  
People’S Liberation Army

PurposeTo report the long-term outcomes of Boston keratoprosthesis type I (B-KPro type I) implantation in the management of severe ocular surface disorders.MethodsRetrospective case series. Patients who underwent B-KPro type I implantation at the People’s Liberation Army General Hospital were enrolled between March 2011 and September 2019. Data regarding visual acuity (VA), B-KPro type I retention and postoperative complications were recorded and analysed.ResultsA total of 103 eyes of 100 patients who underwent B-KPro type I implantation were included. The main indications were chemical burn (59.2%), ocular trauma (25.2%), herpetic keratitis (11.7%) and autoimmune diseases (3.9%). The percentage of eyes with postoperative VA of 10/200 or better was 82.7% at 6 months, 82.8% at 12 months, 77.9% at 2 years, 72.4% at 3 years, 71.1% at 4 years, 69.4% at 5 years, 58.9% at 6 years, 56.8% at 7 years and 42.9% at 8 years. Preoperatively, 8.7% eyes were diagnosed with new-onset glaucoma. Retroprosthetic membrane formation occurred in 19.4% eye. Corneal melting occurred in 18.4% eyes. Sterile vitritis was diagnosed in 4.9% eyes and infectious endophthalmitis in 2.9% eyes. Retinal detachment occurred in 0.9% eyes.ConclusionsIn a Chinese patient group, B-KPro type I is a viable option for treating severe ocular surface disorders in eyes where conventional keratoplasty would have a poor prognosis, especially in patients with chemical and thermal burns. Improved visual outcomes and high retention rate can be achieved and maintained in most cases.

scholarly journals Clinical features of cats with aqueous tear deficiency: a retrospective case series of 10 patients (17 eyes)

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 944-950 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa K Uhl ◽  
Akihiko Saito ◽  
Hiroko Iwashita ◽  
David J Maggs ◽  
Jonathan P Mochel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Features ◽  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Reference Interval ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Response To Therapy ◽  
Ocular Surface Disease ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Schirmer Tear Test

Objectives The aim of this study was to describe the clinical findings, diagnostic test results and response to therapy of cats with Schirmer tear test 1 (STT-1) values below the reference interval. Methods The medical records of three institutions were searched for cats with ocular surface disease and STT-1 values <9 mm/min, confirmed at two or more separate visits. Results Ten cats (17 eyes) were included. The mean ± SD (range) age and STT-1 values in affected eye(s) were 6.1 ± 5.7 (0.2–16) years and 2.4 ± 3.1 (0–8) mm/min, respectively. Concurrent ocular surface disease was bilateral in 5/10 cats. Clinical signs included conjunctivitis (14/17 eyes), corneal ulceration (6/17 eyes), non-ulcerative keratitis (4/17 eyes), symblepharon (4/17 eyes), eosinophilic keratitis (3/17 eyes), corneal sequestrum (3/17 eyes), corneal fibrosis (2/17 eyes) and meibomitis (2/17 eyes). Management included: topically applied lacrimomimetics, antiviral drugs, corticosteroids or immunomodulatory drugs; orally administered famciclovir; or surgical procedures, in various combinations. Response to therapy (defined as an increase in STT-1 value of ⩾5 mm/min) was transient (seen at a single reassessment) in 65% of eyes and sustained (seen at ⩾2 consecutive reassessments) in 18% of eyes. Conclusions and relevance Clinical features seen in cats with low STT-1 values are described, although the association between aqueous deficiency and the reported ocular changes is unknown at this time. We encourage clinicians to assess the tear film in cats with ocular surface disease, and initiate therapy with lacrimomimetics if STT-1 values are repeatedly below normal. Such information will further define aqueous tear deficiency in cats, providing a better understanding of disease prevalence, pathogenesis and treatment.

scholarly journals Ocular surface burn secondary to smart phone battery blast

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 326
Author(s):  
Vikas Mittal ◽  
Purvasha Narang ◽  
Ruchi Mittal ◽  
Anurag Mathur
Keyword(s):  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Smart Phone ◽  
Surface Burn

Ocular surface biopsies of patients with xeroderma pigmentosum in the United Kingdom: a retrospective observational case series

2020 ◽  
pp. bjophthalmol-2020-316125
Author(s):  
John Vekinis ◽  
Ana M Susana Morley
Keyword(s):  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Xeroderma Pigmentosum ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Additional Treatment ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia ◽  
Clinically Normal ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Inflammatory Changes

Background/AimsTo describe the results of all ocular surface biopsies performed on patients with xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) under the care of the UK Nationally Commissioned XP Service as well as the treatment of any subsequent ocular surface conditions diagnosed.MethodsRetrospective analysis of medical records. All patients with XP seen by the service from 2010 to 2019 were included and those with ocular surface biopsies were identified. Data was collected on demographics, complementation subgroup (A–G and V), biopsy details, histopathological analysis and subsequent management.ResultsOf 108 patients seen in our service, 17 underwent at least one ocular surface biopsy. 45 biopsy samples were available from 13 patients of which 65% were performed on patients from complementation subgroup C (XP-C). Biopsies were categorised as either non-mapping (clinically abnormal ocular surface tissue) or mapping (multiple sites including clinically normal tissue). 67 percent of non-mapping biopsies had a mass as their indication and 46% showed ocular surface squamous neoplasia. General non-dysplastic damage was seen in 67% of non-mapping biopsies and melanocytic changes were seen in 25% of non-mapping and 81% of mapping biopsies. 47 percent of biopsy outcomes required no additional treatment but, of those that did, 50% received mitomycin C.ConclusionsThis is the largest reported series of ocular surface biopsies in patients with XP. It identifies a background of ocular surface melanocytic, degenerative and inflammatory changes, with patients with XP-C showing the most severe effects. We highlight challenges faced in interpreting their histopathology and in planning subsequent treatments.

scholarly journals Xeroderma Pigmentosum: Ocular Findings in an Isolated Brazilian Group with an Identified Genetic Cluster

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Claudia Schelini ◽  
Luis Fernando O. B. Chaves ◽  
Marcia C. Toledo ◽  
Francisco W. Rodrigues ◽  
Tauan de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Xeroderma Pigmentosum ◽  
Genetic Disorder ◽  
Skin Pigmentation ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Corneal Neovascularization ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Ocular Symptoms ◽  
History Of

Purpose. Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) is a rare autosomal recessive genetic disorder characterized by increased susceptibility to UV radiation- (UVR-) induced skin pigmentation, skin cancers, ocular surface disease, and, in some patients, sunburn and neurological degeneration. Eight different genes are affected, and the prevalence of the disease differs across the world. The present study describes the main ophthalmologic features and symptoms in patients with XP in this case series. Methods. Patients were examined consecutively at the University Hospital of the Federal University of Goias between January 2016 and June 2018. All patients underwent ophthalmologic examination and were asked about their ophthalmological history and the presence of ocular symptoms. Results. Twenty-one patients with genetic confirmation were evaluated. The genetic variants XPV and XPC were detected in the patients. The most prevalent findings include eyelid changes, observed in 80.9% of the patients, and ocular surface changes as punctate keratopathy, occurring in 16 patients (76.2%), corneal neovascularization, and corneal opacities. Six patients (28.5%) presented corneoconjunctival tumor. More than half of patients had previous history of treatment of ocular neoplasia. Ocular burning was the most reported symptom. Conclusions. The ocular characteristics identified in this study corroborate the existing literature, mainly related to the surface. Concerning the XP variant and the gravity of ocular signs, XPC has earlier and more severe symptoms than XPV. Due to their relative rarity, publications of XP cases are important to understand the possible damages caused by the disease in the eyes and surrounding area.

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