The Psychology of Faith and the Meaning of Transcendence in the Philosophy of Kierkegaard

1977 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 300-311
Author(s):  
George Teschner
Keyword(s):  
World View ◽  
Indirect Communication ◽  
Self Identity ◽  
Religious Consciousness ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Modes Of Existence

The objective of the article is to examine the phenomenological meaning of the concept of faith in the philosophy of Kierkegaard and consider its psychbological implications. The article begins with a discussion of the aesthetic and ethical modes of existence showing how these are components of religious consciousness. A dialectical resolution of the conflict between aesthetic and moral impulses places the religious consciousness before a possibility which Kierkegaard calls the theological self that is wholly unlike what is known. It is in the context of the discussion of the possibility of this extraordinary self-identity that the attitude of faith and sin are analyzed. The movement toward the possibility which transcends the known is a death and rebirth process which, according to Kierkegaard, man is unable to choose on his own. Here the meaning of Christ is discussed as the bridge between the finite and infinite which replaces the necessity of choice with an acceptance of this extraordinary possibility achieved through a suspension of the standards of the ordinary and familiar. The article ends with a discussion of the role of reason and indirect communication in the dialogue between therapist and patient where the therapist is seeking to communicate a world view that transcends what for the patient is probable and familiar.

scholarly journals Author: personal – social – eternal (interpretive field of «Diary» by V. Vynnychenko)

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
World View ◽  
Xxth Century ◽  
World Picture ◽  
The World ◽  
Literary Process ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Semantic Proximity ◽  
The Given ◽  
Relevant Material

The diary papers of V. Vynnychenko (1911—1925) as a special interpretive field for studying the author’s world-view aesthetics and his creative intentions are analyzed. The text of the diary is systematized, based on the relevant material: the author’s thoughts on the nature of creativity as a special way of comprehending the world and a person in it; creativity as a manifestation of a person’s specific mental organization; creativity as an opportunity for self-manifestation in the present/future dyad; etc. The degree of correlation of conditions and possibilities to create, which were important for V. Vynnychenko as a politician while the fundamental changes at the beginning of the XXth century in Ukraine took place are also noticed in the article. The author’s issues given in the diary are considered in the aesthetic context of the literary process at the turn of the XIX-XXth centuries, when cardinal changes took place under the influence of interpretative changes of the world picture in philosophy and culture in general are represented in the given work. In addition, attention was paid to the concept of «creative act» and its understanding by V. Vynnychenko as a staged phenomenon: the plan, the stages of its realization, the role of intuition, fiction, fantasy in the creation of the another reality. The author’s interpretation of the author’s phenomenon taking into account to the interaction of the concepts of «endowment», «talent» and «genius» is given and commented. The emphasis is placed on V. Vynnychenko’s diary thoughts about the latest trends in Ukrainian literature of the early XXth century: homocentration, modernism as an art system renovation of the genre and poetic paradigm. To sum up, this allowed to understand the creative laboratory of the author more deeply and earnestly. The diary material is directed to the artistic creation of V. Vynnychenko - the play «The black Panther and the White Bear» for their semantic proximity: the process of creativity, psychological, aesthetic dominant of creativity, symbolism, artist’s essence researches. The perspective of the proposed direction of studying mnemonic and literary material is grounded, which allows the use of an interdisciplinary methodology for understanding aesthetic phenomena.

FEMALE RELIGIOSITY IN POST-SECULAR SOCIETY: ISLAM IN KAZAKHSTAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 174-188
Author(s):  
Ainura BOLYSBAYEVA ◽  
Aigerim BOLYSBAYEVA ◽  
Kairat ZATOV ◽  
Nurgul TUTINOVA
Keyword(s):  
Religious Practices ◽  
Opinion Poll ◽  
Islamic Revival ◽  
Self Identity ◽  
Religious Consciousness ◽  
Traditional Religions ◽  
The Family ◽  
Autochthonous Population ◽  
The One

Today, religious renaissance across the post-Soviet space has moved into the center of academic attention mainly because post-Soviet countries have found themselves at the crest of religious awareness in the form of revived traditional religions. In Kazakhstan, this process has taken the form of Islamic revival, the religion of the autochthonous population, which lived in the territory of the contemporary state. According to many authors, the family is the main religious socialization institution: mothers as its main agents play the key role in raising the younger generation. This means that female religiosity requires close attention and detailed studies. With this aim in view, we carried out an online opinion poll among women 18 years and older in all regions of Kazakhstan to identify the interconnection between religious practices and involvement in religious life, on the one hand, and confessional self-identity, on the other, as well as the role of demographic statistical data (age, in particular) in shaping religious consciousness. We paid a lot of attention to the correlation between the degree of religiosity and the presence of Islamic dogmas in everyday life. Our studies brought us to a conclusion that the faithful generally tend to overestimate the extent of their religiosity. This means that the majority of our respondents can be described as conventional believers whose knowledge of the main Islamic dogmas is weak and who do not observe religious practices. Religious holidays and fasting are the two most frequently observed practices; praying and religious clothes are the two frequently avoided practices. Their performance requires a lot of time and the need to change appearance and lifestyle.

scholarly journals MET-LITERATURE AS A WAY OF MANIFESTING META-REALITY: JN THE ROAD TO A NEW WORLD VIEW

2021 ◽  
pp. 6-15
Author(s):  
Natalia Astrakhan
Keyword(s):  
New World ◽  
World View ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Modernist Literature ◽  
Postmodern Literature ◽  
Self Reflection ◽  
The Road ◽  
Religious Consciousness ◽  
New Vision ◽  
The Aesthetic

The article deals with the phenomenon of meta-literature as a manifestation of self-reflection inherent in creative writing and artistic creation. The articles makes an attempt to characterize the phenomenon of meta-literature, which reflects the basic laws of literary development in the twentieth century, gaining special significance in the context of the transition from modernism to postmodernism. It is noted that the problem of art and reality relations is re-thought in connection with the formation and development of modernist literature, all the most significant works of which in one way or another are involved in updating the vectors of artistic solution to this problem. The aesthetic, ideological and poetic features of modernist literature are analyzed, the shift that the content sphere of modernist works undergoes in connection with the interpretation of the problem of art and reality relations is demonstrated, and their poetic basis is determined. It is emphasized that by exploring the phenomenon of literature artistically, meta-literature, in its various manifestations, opens the prospects for a new vision of reality, allows to expand and deepen its understanding. By arguing the need for experiencing literature within the framework of existential experience and thus removing the boundary between artistic and real dimensions of existence ("real life is literature", according to M. Proust), modernists approached the views of philosophical hermeneutics. Remythologization, which characterizes the modernist literary and artistic discourse, can also be understood in connection with the need to correlate artistic meanings with existential ones, to find new ways of identifying and legitimizing them in the situation of religious consciousness crisis. A new configuration of the combination of ancient and biblical-Christian meta-images in the process of remythologization determines the construction of a new world view and concept of man, ensures the achievement of a multifaceted vision of reality. The introduction of the metabolic image of a book into the works of postmodern literature provides an artistic manifestation of the meta-reality discovered by modernism.

ЗНАЧЕННЯ ЕМОЦІЙНОЇ КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТІ ОСОБИСТОСТІ У ДИСКУРСІ ЖИТТЄТВОРЕННЯ

1970 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 198-207
Author(s):  
Євген Карпенко
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Communication ◽  
Emotional Competence ◽  
World View ◽  
Personal Life ◽  
Personal Choice ◽  
Communicative Skills ◽  
Significant Life ◽  
Basic Features ◽  
Correct Implementation

У статті проаналізовано місце феномену емоційної компетентності в становленні дискурсу життєтворення особистості. Відзначено, що її засадничими ознаками є відкритість і діалогічність, що фасилітують процеси життєтворчості в інтра- та інтерпсихічному просторі та сприяють здобуттю певних експірієнтальних «знань» і формуванню відповідних комунікативних «умінь». Отже, емоційна компетентність виконує функцію орієнтації в знаково-символічній реальності внутрішнього та зовнішнього середовища і, відповідно, бере участь у прийнятті рішень стосовно них. Це сприяє реалізації функції особистісного вибору у значущих обставинах життя. Вважається, що цей вибір повинен ґрунтуватися на домінуючій екзистенційній ідентичності та релевантно реалізовуватися на всіх її рівнях: базовому, характерологічному, ситуативному. В цьому контексті емоційна компетентність виступає в якості з’єднувальної ланки між ідентичністю та її зовнішньою поведінковою маніфестацією, в якій вона, власне, й проявляється. Інтегруючи первинні емоції, емоційна компетентність сприяє формуванню системи цінностей, мотивів і світоглядних орієнтацій особистості, а також сприяє їх коректному втіленню в практиці міжособистісного спілкування і, відповідно, конструювання дискурсу власного життя. У цьому полягає ключова роль емоційної компетентності в процесі життєтворення особистості. The article analyzes the role of emotional competence in establishing the discourse of personal life creation. It has been stated that its basic features are openness and readiness to dialog that facilitate life creation processes in the intra- and interpsychic space and promote acquirement of certain experiential "knowledge" as well as formation of relevant communicative "skills". So, emotional competence has a function of orienting in sign and symbol reality of the internal and external environment and, therefore, takes part in decision-making in respect thereof. This enables realization of the function of personal choice in significant life circumstances.  This choice is considered to be based on dominant existential identity and realized in the relevant manner at all its levels: basic, characterological, situational. In this sense emotional competence forms a link between identity and its outer behavioral manifestation.  While integrating primary emotions emotional competence facilitates formation of a system of values, motives and world view of personality as well as their correct implementation in the course of interpersonal communication and personal life discourse construction. This embodies the key role of emotional competence in the process of life creation of personality.

Paradigma Pendidikan Kritis: Menuju Humanisasi Pendidikan

1970 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-115
Author(s):  
Sunhaji Sunhaji
Keyword(s):  
Process Approach ◽  
Critical Education ◽  
Human Right ◽  
National History ◽  
Student Centered ◽  
Self Identity ◽  
Education Model ◽  
Learning Concept ◽  
Education Process

The process of education must apply with “Learning Process Skill”, not “Learning Concept”. Process approach marked with student centered curricula, not teacher centered. Role of teacher is as facilitator, mediator, dynamizing, organizing, and catalyst to apply “dialog” as spirit of education process. Critical education model is an education that independent from internal-institutional fetter, social hegemony, or structured to maintain political and economical stability. These happen in the length of our national history, then produce tame-weak human accorded to system condition. Whereas, education is human right, even people right to enhance its maturity, self-identity, and independence to serve his function to his God. .

Jazz als gelungene Performance – Ästhetische Normativität und Improvisation

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Bertinetto
Keyword(s):  
Successful Performance ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
The Right

Die Hauptfrage, die ich in diesem Aufsatz diskutieren will, ist die folgende: Welche sind die ästhetisch-normativen Voraussetzungen für das richtige Verständnis und die richtige Evaluation von Jazz? Meine These lautet: Die Jazzästhetik ist eine Ästhetik der gelungenen Performanz. Sie ist nicht eine Ästhetik der Unvollkommenheit. Ich werde meine Argumentation in die folgenden Abschnitte gliedern. Nach der Einleitung (I.) wird in Abschnitt II. die ›These der Unvollkommenheit‹ dargestellt und in III. werden anschließend einige Argumente dagegen diskutiert. In den Abschnitten IV. und V. werden die für die Jazzästhetik wichtige Frage nach dem »Fehler« und das entscheidende Thema der Normativität untersucht. Dazu werde ich geltend machen, dass die ›These der Unvollkommenheit‹ insbesondere deswegen unbefriedigend ist, weil sie die spezifische Normativität von Jazz als Improvisationskunst missversteht. In Abschnitt VI. wird schließlich erklärt, in welchem Sinne von einer Normativität der gelungenen Performanz die Rede sein kann und warum dies für unser Verständnis von Jazz bedeutend ist. Abschließend (VII.) wird diese Idee gegen mögliche Einwände verteidigt.<br><br>In this paper I aim at discussing the aesthetic-normative conditions for the right understanding and the right evaluation of jazz. My main point is this: The aesthetics of jazz is an aesthetics of the successful performance, rather than an aesthetics of imperfection. The paper will be structured as follows. SectionI introduces the topic. SectionII presents the ›imperfection thesis‹, while III discusses some arguments against it. Sections IV and V investigate two related questions: the first is about the role of the »mistake« in jazz; the second concerns the crucial topic of normativity. At this regard I will maintain that the ›imperfection thesis‹ does not work, especially because it misunderstands the specific normativity of jazz as improvisational art. Section VI is devoted to clarifying both in which sense the idea of a normativity of the successful performance is sound and why this idea is important for understanding jazz. Finally (VII) I defend this view against possible objections.

Globalization, Citizenship, and Subjectivity in Self Construction

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 135-146
Author(s):  
Namita Poudel
Keyword(s):  
Social Structure ◽  
Social Field ◽  
Self Identity ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Fields ◽  
Research Questions

One of the profound questions that troubled many philosophers is– “Who am I?” where do I come from? ‘Why am I, where I am? Or “How I see myself?” and maybe more technically -What is my subjectivity? How my subjectivity is formed and transformed? My attempt, in this paper, is to look at “I”, and see how it got shaped. To understand self, this paper tries to show, how subjectivity got transformed or persisted over five generations with changing social structure and institutions. In other words, I am trying to explore self-identity. I have analyzed changing subjectivity patterns of family, and its connection with globalization. Moreover, the research tries to show the role of the Meta field in search of subjectivity based on the following research questions; how my ancestor’s subjectivity changed with social fields? Which power forced them to change their citizenship? And how my identity is shaped within the metafield? The methodology of my study is qualitative. Faced to face interview is taken with the oldest member of family and relatives. The finding of my research is the subjectivity of Namita Poudel (Me) is shaped by the meta field, my position, and practices in the social field.

Idleness and Freedom in Michel de Montaigne’s “Essays”

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 189-202
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual History ◽  
Ancient Rome ◽  
Spiritual Quest ◽  
Guiding Principle ◽  
Sextus Empiricus ◽  
History Of ◽  
Self Knowledge ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
The Relationship

The article advances a hypothesis about the composition of Michel de Montaigne’s Essays. Specialists in the intellectual history of the Renaissance have long considered the relationship among Montaigne’s thematically heterogeneous thoughts, which unfold unpredictably and often seen to contradict each other. The waywardness of those reflections over the years was a way for Montaigne to construct a self-portrait. Spontaneity of thought is the essence of the person depicted and an experimental literary technique that was unprecedented in its time and has still not been surpassed. Montaigne often writes about freedom of reflection and regards it as an extremely important topic. There have been many attempts to interpret the haphazardness of the Essays as the guiding principle in their composition. According to one such interpretation, the spontaneous digressions and readiness to take up very different philosophical notions is a form of of varietas and distinguo, which Montaigne understood in the context of Renaissance philosophy. Another interpretation argues that the Essays employ the rhetorical techniques of Renaissance legal commentary. A third opinion regards the Essays as an example of sprezzatura, a calculated negligence that calls attention to the aesthetic character of Montaigne’s writing. The author of the article argues for a different interpretation that is based on the concept of idleness to which Montaigne assigned great significance. He had a keen appreciation of the role of otium in the culture of ancient Rome and regarded leisure as an inner spiritual quest for self-knowledge. According to Montaigne, idleness permits self-directedness, and it is an ideal form in which to practice the freedom of thought that brings about consistency in writing, living and reality, in all of which Montaigne finds one general property - complete inconstancy. Socratic self-knowledge, a skepticism derived from Pyrrho of Elis and Sextus Empiricus, and a rejection of the conventions of traditional rhetoric that was similar to Seneca’s critique of it were all brought to bear on the concept of idleness and made Montaigne’s intellectual and literary experimentation in the Essays possible.

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