The Impact of Moral Expectancy Violations on Audiences’ Parasocial Relationships With Movie Heroes and Villains

2019 ◽  
pp. 009365021988651 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Alex Bonus ◽  
Nicholas L. Matthews ◽  
Tim Wulf
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface ◽  
Statistical Technique ◽  
Longitudinal Survey ◽  
Formation Processes ◽  
Expectancy Violations ◽  
Parasocial Relationships ◽  
Disposition Theory ◽  
Immoral Behavior ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Impact

Integrating the predictions of disposition theory and expectancy violations theory, a longitudinal survey assessed adults’ parasocial relationships with characters in a popular movie franchise before and after the release of the latest film installment of that franchise. Consistent with disposition theory, characters’ immoral behavior in the film weakened participants’ parasocial relationships with those characters. However, analyses conducted using a novel statistical technique (i.e., response surface analysis) revealed that further shifts in the strength of these relationships occurred when characters subverted participants’ expectations regarding their typical moral behavior. Specifically, participants’ relationship with the film’s primary villain strengthened when he was perceived as behaving more morally than expected, whereas their relationship with the film’s primary hero weakened when he was perceived as behaving either more or less morally than expected. These findings highlight the need for more nuanced examinations of disposition formation processes.

scholarly journals IFRS 9 Transition Effect on Financial Stability of Kosovo Commercial Banks

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Besmir ÇOLLAKU ◽  
Skender AHMETI ◽  
Muhamet ALIU
Keyword(s):  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Statistical Technique ◽  
Loan Portfolio ◽  
Transition Effect ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Ifrs 9 ◽  
Capital Regulations ◽  
The Impact

From January 1, 2018, most of the commercial banks in Kosovo adopted IFRS 9. The new standard introduces the expected credit loss model to allow for timely recognition of credit losses, estimated not only on the actual credit loss but also on forward-looking information regarding the current loan portfolio. Although, transition phases may lead to increasing impairments and a decrease in banks’ equity, which directly influences the financial stability of banks. This paper examines the day-one transition effect of IFRS 9 on the level of assets balance, allowance for loan losses, and capital regulatory class II of banks in Kosovo. To test our hypothesis, we have performed a comparative analysis for the six biggest commercial banks in Kosovo to identify correlation and causality between studied variables. As a statistical technique, we have employed a “paired sample t-test” where we compare financial indicators before and after adopting IFRS 9 to examine the impact on financial stability for commercial banks in Kosovo. Our results are in line with the results of recent studies in the IFRS 9 field and conclude that the transition phase has a significant influence on the recognition of additional loan impairment but assets and capital regulations are not affected significantly. Results demonstrate the transition to IFRS 9 causes instability and re-consolidation of capital, but in the long-run reduce the possibility for large and sudden losses. Commercial banks in Kosovo should follow a balanced growth approach without compromising the quality of the loan portfolio.

scholarly journals Optimization of a Self-Excited Pulsed Air-Water Jet Nozzle Based on the Response Surface Methodology

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 75-87
Author(s):  
Yong Wang ◽  
Xiaolin Wang ◽  
Zilong Zhang ◽  
Yu Li ◽  
Houlin Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Impact Force ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Coupling Factor ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Water Jet ◽  
Force Amplitude ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Impact

A self-excited pulsed air-water jet (SEPAWJ) offers many advantages over other jets and has a large number of practical and industrial applications. In order to take better advantage of the SEPAWJ, response surface methodology (RSM) models were established with the experimental impact force characteristics as the dependent variable and three key nozzle parameters as the independent variable. Single and coupling factor effects of these three parameters (oscillation chamber length, oscillation chamber height, and diameter of the downstream nozzle) on performance of nozzle are analysed, and the structural parameters of optimum performance are calculated using RSM models. The external flow field, impact force and cleaning performance of SEPAWJ before and after optimization are analysed and compared experimentally. It is found that the significance levels of established average impact force and impact force amplitude RSM models are lower than 0.05, and their error ratios between calculation and experiment under the optimum construction are both less than 5 %, which confirms their considerable reliability. Meanwhile, the final large water mass of optimized SEPAWJ is formed much earlier, and is more intensive and more concentrated. Compared with the original SEPAWJ nozzle, the impact force and impact force amplitude of optimized SEPAWJ nozzle are increased by 52.00 % and 38.26 %, respectively. In addition, the cleaned area ratio of nozzle before and after optimization is 76 % and 100 % at 50 seconds, respectively, with an increase of 22.4 %.

Statistical Analysis of Damper Seal Clearance Divergence and Impact Upon Rotordynamic Stability

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Tecza ◽  
Thomas Soulas ◽  
Thomas Eldridge
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Statistical Technique ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Stable Operation ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Compressor Design ◽  
Design Values ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Impact

Rotordynamic stability in a high-speed, high-pressure centrifugal compressor is achieved through introducing stabilizing forces and managing destabilizing forces. It becomes the original equipment manufacturer’s (OEM) responsibility to provide sufficient stabilizing influence to ensure acceptable operational behavior. A variety of mechanisms exist to provide stability: damper bearings, de-swirl elements on seals, shunt holes and damper seals are commonly provided by the compressor manufacturer to combat instability. The application of damper seals provides a significant increase in rotordynamic stability if designed properly. A previous case study (Camatti, et. al. [1]) presented the detrimental effect of damper seal clearance divergence and seal gas pre-swirl upon predicted stability. Accurate prediction of rotordynamic stability requires knowledge of the destabilizing influences, and evaluation of the variation possible in the stability promoting elements. In particular, the damper seal can be strongly influenced by the presence of divergence in the seal-to-rotor clearance and can result in unexpected at-load behavior. One approach to ensure stable operation is to perform a “worst case” evaluation. However, this often results in excessive compromise (large seal clearance and impact on aerodynamic performance) to “eliminate” the possibility of unstable operation. A different and new approach is to define an acceptable envelope of probability. This study presents a statistical evaluation of the impact of damper seal clearance divergence, along with other compressor design parameters, and provides a method for ensuring stable operation regardless of manufacturing or operational variation. The logarithmic decrement is evaluated as a function of compressor design values and a statistical response surface is created. From the response surface and defined variation in design values, a measure of probability for instability can be obtained. Allowable parameter variation can be restricted to ensure stable operation. Three case studies will be presented where the potential for instability exists and the risk quantified using this statistical technique. Additionally, in one of these cases, test results are presented to support the analytical work.

Response surface methodology based analysis of the impact of nanoclay addition on the wear resistance of polypropylene

2019 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 10401
Author(s):  
Sudhir Saralch ◽  
Vishal Jagota ◽  
Dinesh Pathak ◽  
Vishal Singh
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Tensile Testing ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Statistical Technique ◽  
Melt Mixing ◽  
Pin On Disc ◽  
Polypropylene Matrix ◽  
The Impact

The addition of nanoclay in the polypropylene matrix has many applications in the field of automotive, packaging and aeronautical industry. Nanocomposites of polypropylene with nanoclay phr (part per hundred of resin) of 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10 are prepared using melt mixing in twin-screw extruder and injection molding. The dispersion of nanoclay in the polypropylene matrix played a significant role in the preparation of nanocomposites. The freeze-fractured microstructures of the 5 phr of nanoclay composites shows better dispersion of clay particles in the polypropylene matrix. Tensile testing is performed to quantify the strength with respect to nanoclay phr in the nanocomposites. Stress strain behaviors during the tensile testing along with critical examining using field emission scanning electron microscope of the fracture surface have evolved that phr value around 5 provide maximum strength. In addition to this, surface roughness of these nanocomposites also indicate that the nanocomposites formed by 5 phr nanoclay give better surface finish. The wear behavior of nanocomposites is investigated using pin-on-disc tribo-tester at different loads (10, 20 and 30 N) and sliding speeds (0.5, 1.5 and 2.5 m/s). A response surface methodology based model is developed to explore the impact of nanoclay phr along with load and sliding speed on the wear behavior of these nanocomposites. Response surface methodology is a statistical technique in which the interaction among process variables is studies. It uses a sequence of design experiments to get an optimal response. It was found that 4.19 phr provides to be optimal value of nanoclay content exhibiting better wear resistance. Present study of composites with nanoclay reinforcement in polypropylene matrix concludes that phr value ranging around 4 to 5 gives best results.

scholarly journals Expectations after expecting: the impact of first birth on the fertility expectations of one child women in the USA and UK

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alyce Raybould ◽  
Rebecca Sear
Keyword(s):  
Life Course ◽  
Longitudinal Survey ◽  
National Longitudinal Survey ◽  
First Birth ◽  
Fertility Expectations ◽  
New Information ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Life Course ◽  
The Impact

Expectations for having children are hypothesised to be predominantly influenced by societal family norms at young ages, and are adjusted during the life course in response to changing circumstances and new information. The onset of parenthood is likely to be a key event that affects expectations. This paper explores whether the expectations of women who have only one child (one child women) change in the five years before and after first birth, using the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 (USA) and Understanding Society (UK). We aim to determine whether one child women are distinct in their expectations from women who go on to higher parities even before first birth, and whether the event of first birth is a catalyst for changing expectations. Our results show that, in both contexts, one child women expect closer to two children prior to, compared to after, first birth, when the trajectory declines more steeply towards one. One child women also expect fewer than higher parity mothers by the time of first birth. Our findings suggest that although one child women already expect fewer children compared to other mothers prior to first birth, their expectations are particularly affected by the onset of parenthood.

Strategic Role of Zakat in Multidimensional Quality of Life in Sijunjung, Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-72
Author(s):  
Herlin Hamimi ◽  
Abdul Ghafar Ismail ◽  
Muhammad Hasbi Zaenal
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Wealth Distribution ◽  
Absolute Poverty ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Status ◽  
Being There ◽  
The Impact

Zakat is one of the five pillars of Islam which has a function of faith, social and economic functions. Muslims who can pay zakat are required to give at least 2.5 per cent of their wealth. The problem of poverty prevalent in disadvantaged regions because of the difficulty of access to information and communication led to a gap that is so high in wealth and resources. The instrument of zakat provides a paradigm in the achievement of equitable wealth distribution and healthy circulation. Zakat potentially offers a better life and improves the quality of human being. There is a human quality improvement not only in economic terms but also in spiritual terms such as improving religiousity. This study aims to examine the role of zakat to alleviate humanitarian issues in disadvantaged regions such as Sijunjung, one of zakat beneficiaries and impoverished areas in Indonesia. The researcher attempted a Cibest method to capture the impact of zakat beneficiaries before and after becoming a member of Zakat Community Development (ZCD) Program in material and spiritual value. The overall analysis shows that zakat has a positive impact on disadvantaged regions development and enhance the quality of life of the community. There is an improvement in the average of mustahik household incomes after becoming a member of ZCD Program. Cibest model demonstrates that material, spiritual, and absolute poverty index decreased by 10, 5, and 6 per cent. Meanwhile, the welfare index is increased by 21 per cent. These findings have significant implications for developing the quality of life in disadvantaged regions in Sijunjung. Therefore, zakat is one of the instruments to change the status of disadvantaged areas to be equivalent to other areas.

ANALISIS PENGARUH PEMBANGUNAN JALAN LAYANG JANTI TERHADAP PERKEMBANGAN TATA RUANG KAWASAN JANTI STUDI KASUS : KAWASAN JANTI, DESA CATURTUNGGAL, KABUPATEN SLEMAN, D. I. YOGYAKARTA

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 255
Author(s):  
Jeky El Boru
Keyword(s):  
Road Network ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Qualitative Description ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
The Road ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Linkage Method ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Parking Place

Abstract: This research aims to analyze the impact of Janti Flyover Construction toward the growth of layout at Janti Urban Area, including structured space, open space, and linkage. Method used for data collecting are observation, air photograph monitoring, and interview, whereas the analysis method is qualitative description, which is the superimposed method of two layers, that are the layout condition before and after flyover construction. The result shows that the impact of Janti Flyover construction can be seen on building mass (solid), the increasing number of open spaces, including the road network, parking place, and park, whereas the relation between spaces, visually and structurally, can be seen on the growth of buildings which have new shapes and styles, therefore the performance of the overall building does not have a proportional shape. Considering Janti Street at the collective relation, its role is getting stronger as the main frame road network.Keywords: Flyover construction, layout changing, Janti AreaAbstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh pembangunan Jalan Layang Janti terhadap perkembangan tata ruang Kawasan Janti, meliputi ruang terbangun, ruang terbuka, serta hubungan antar ruang (“linkage”). Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi, pengamatan foto udara, dan wawancara; sedangkan metode analisis melalui deskripsi secara kualitatif yang berupa “superimposed method” dari dua lapisan kondisi lahan, yakni kondisi tata ruang sebelum dan sesudah pembangunan jalan layang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengaruh pembangunan Jalan Layang Janti terdapat pada massa bangunan (“solid”), pertambahan ruang terbuka yang berupa jaringan jalan, parkir, dan taman; sedangkan pada hubungan antar ruang ̶ secara visual dan struktural ̶ yakni tumbuhnya bangunan dengan bentuk dan gaya baru, sehingga bentuk tampilan bangunan secara keseluruhan tidak proporsional. Pada hubungan kolektif, Jalan Janti semakin kuat perannya sebagai kerangka utama jaringan jalan.Kata kunci : Pembangunan jalan layang, tata ruang, Kawasan Janti

Impact of merger on efficiency and productivity : a case study of commercial banks in Malaysia

1970 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Mahadzir Ismail ◽  
Saliza Sulaiman ◽  
Hasni Abdul Rahim ◽  
Nordiana Nordin
Keyword(s):  
Efficiency Score ◽  
Malmquist Productivity Index ◽  
Productivity Index ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Master Plan ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Domestic Banks ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Efficiency And Productivity

The Financial Master Plan (2001- 2010) aims to enhance the capacity of banking industry so that higher effic iency and productivity can be reaped in the future. This study seeks to determine the impact of merger on the efficiency and productivity ofcommercial banks in Malaysia for the period 1995 until 2005. The study uses a non-parametric approach, nam ely DEA (data envelopment analysis?) to estimate the efficiency scores and to construct the Malmquist productivity index. To enable this estimation, three bank inputs and outputs are used. Amongst the findings are those banks exhibit higher efficiency score after the merger and thefo reign banks are more efficient than the local banks. Productivity of the banks is calculated in both periods, before and after the merger: The results show that, it is the local banks that have improved the most after the merger. The main source of productivity is technical change or innovation. The findings support the existing policy of having larger domestic banks in term of size.

THE EFFECT OF METACOGNITIVE INSTRUCTION ON MAXIMIZING EFL LEARNERS’ METACOGNITIVE AWARENESS IN LISTENING

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-17
Author(s):  
Mahsa Assadi
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Research ◽  
Listening Comprehension ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Metacognitive Awareness ◽  
Listening Test ◽  
Efl Learners ◽  
Metacognitive Instruction ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Comprehension Ability ◽  
The Impact

This study reports a pre-experimental research on the impact of metacognitive instruction on EFL learners’ metacognitive awareness and their listening performance. To obtain the goal of the study, a group of 30 Iranian intermediate EFL learners, including 14 males and 16 females, were selected randomly. Their ages range from 20 to 24. The participants took part in 16 weeks’ intervention program based on metacognitive pedagogical sequence consisted of five stages. The metacognitive awareness listening questionnaire (MALQ), and a listening test were also used to find changes in metacognitive awareness and listening performance before and after the treatment. The results of comparing pre and posttests scores revealed that metacognitive instruction raised the learners’ metacognitive awareness and helped them improve their listening comprehension ability.

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