Effect of Therapist Coaching Statements on Parenting Skills in a Brief Parenting Intervention for Infants

Behavioral parenting interventions have been shown to decrease early childhood behavior problems by improving parenting skills. Few studies have examined the impact of therapist coaching statements on parenting skill acquisition, especially among ethnic minority families and non-English-speaking families. In this study, we examined therapists’ use of responsive and directive coaching statements during the first coaching session in a brief parenting intervention, the Infant Behavior Program (IBP), on changes in parenting skill acquisition. Participants were 24 mothers of 12- to 15-month-olds, with elevated levels of behavioral problems from primarily Latinx and low-income backgrounds. Mothers who heard more responsive coaching from their therapist showed greater increases in positive parenting skills. Spanish-speaking therapists used fewer responsive coaching statements and more commands, however, language spoken did not moderate the effect of these statements on changes in parenting skills. Responsive coaching statements in English and Spanish had a positive impact on parenting skill acquisition.

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Experiences and impact of international medical volunteering: a multi-country mixed methods study

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-041599 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. e041599 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mary McCauley ◽

Joanna Raven ◽

Nynke van den Broek

Keyword(s):

Low Income ◽

Online Survey ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Healthcare Providers ◽

International Medical ◽

Middle Income ◽

Use Of Resources ◽

The Uk ◽

Medical Volunteers ◽

The Impact

ObjectiveTo assess the experience and impact of medical volunteers who facilitated training workshops for healthcare providers in maternal and newborn emergency care in 13 countries.SettingsBangladesh, Ghana, India, Kenya, Malawi, Namibia, Nigeria, Pakistan, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Tanzania, UK and Zimbabwe.ParticipantsMedical volunteers from the UK (n=162) and from low-income and middle-income countries (LMIC) (n=138).Outcome measuresExpectations, experience, views, personal and professional impact of the experience of volunteering on medical volunteers based in the UK and in LMIC.ResultsUK-based medical volunteers (n=38) were interviewed using focus group discussions (n=12) and key informant interviews (n=26). 262 volunteers (UK-based n=124 (47.3%), and LMIC-based n=138 (52.7%)) responded to the online survey (62% response rate), covering 506 volunteering episodes. UK-based medical volunteers were motivated by altruism, and perceived volunteering as a valuable opportunity to develop their skills in leadership, teaching and communication, skills reported to be transferable to their home workplace. Medical volunteers based in the UK and in LMIC (n=244) reported increased confidence (98%, n=239); improved teamwork (95%, n=232); strengthened leadership skills (90%, n=220); and reported that volunteering had a positive impact for the host country (96%, n=234) and healthcare providers trained (99%, n=241); formed sustainable partnerships (97%, n=237); promoted multidisciplinary team working (98%, n=239); and was a good use of resources (98%, n=239). Medical volunteers based in LMIC reported higher satisfaction scores than those from the UK with regards to impact on personal and professional development.ConclusionHealthcare providers from the UK and LMIC are highly motivated to volunteer to increase local healthcare providers’ knowledge and skills in low-resource settings. Further research is necessary to understand the experiences of local partners and communities regarding how the impact of international medical volunteering can be mutually beneficial and sustainable with measurable outcomes.

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The impact of participation in employment-based retirement savings plans on material hardship

Journal of Pension Economics and Finance ◽

10.1017/s1474747215000050 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 15 (4) ◽

pp. 407-428

Author(s):

BRADLEY T. HEIM ◽

SHANTHI P. RAMNATH

Keyword(s):

Income Distribution ◽

Low Income ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Retirement Savings ◽

Program Participation ◽

Material Hardship ◽

Short Term ◽

Financial Difficulties ◽

Using Data ◽

The Impact

AbstractTo contribute to a retirement plan (barring an increase in income), an individual must either reduce consumption or increase debt. Using data from the 2004 wave of the Survey of Income and Program Participation, we examine the extent to which contributing to 401(k)-type accounts leads to an increase in short-term financial difficulties, particularly among low-income individuals. After instrumenting for plan take-up, we find that contributing to a 401(k) plan appears to have a small positive impact on the presence of any material hardship and debt holding among the lowest income quintiles, though that effect diminishes further up the income distribution.

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The Lebanese Perception of the Impact of Small & Medium Enterprises (SMEs) on the National Economy

Journal of Economics and Public Finance ◽

10.22158/jepf.v3n3p330 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

pp. 330 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Bassam Charif Hamdar ◽

Rana Najjar ◽

Kamel Karameh

Keyword(s):

Labor Market ◽

Skill Acquisition ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Vital Role ◽

Basic Study ◽

Access To Credit ◽

Entrepreneurial Spirit ◽

Small Medium Enterprises ◽

The Impact

Over the years, Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs) have been very significant to the economic development of most developing and developed countries. It is a major form of business and a major employer with a strong positive impact on the economic growth and labor market in Lebanon. This paper researches the impact of SMEs on the Lebanese labor market and Lebanese economy. Furthermore, the importance of SMEs, and the challenges facing the sector and makes recommendations as to how to resolve these challenges.The data was collected through a questionnaire, and several literature, publications and reports.Based on past researches and studies there is a relation between SMEs and job creation in addition to the vital role they play in a nation’s economy.This is a basic study to show the impact and importance of SMEs. Recommendations are made for governments to encourage the entrepreneurial spirit and in collaboration with banks to facilitate access to credit to ensure the growth, development and continuation of SMEs. Furthermore, owners and employees of SMEs should be provided with a skill acquisition program to boost their skills, and to ensure the development of both employees and the business.

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The Impact of Various Mode of Financings in Reducing Inequality in Various Groups of Countries

Journal of Finance and Islamic Banking ◽

10.22515/jfib.v3i2.2931 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 25-43

Author(s):

Irma Yuliani ◽

Muhammad Abdul Rohman

Keyword(s):

World Bank ◽

Low Income ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Low Income Countries ◽

Islamic Banks ◽

Middle Income ◽

Middle Income Countries ◽

Islamic Bank ◽

The Impact ◽

Positive Effect

The existence of Islamic bank not always provide positive impact to the real sector of economy. Declining inequality is one of the expected significant impacts with appyling mode of financing as instrument to relize that. This study aims to investigate the impact of mode of financing was applied by Islamic bank to reduce inequality among countries of IsDB Group. World bank data and IDB data of Islamic banks are employed as samples from 1977 to 2018. The results show that equity and leasing have a positive effect and significant to reduce inequality for low income countries, where the leasing or ijarah have the most effective impact than all. In addition, instalment sale of financing has a significant impact to reduce inequality for middle-income countries, loan is being the only significant mode of financing to reduce inequality in all IDB countries. Unfortunately, Mudharabah, PLS (profit and loss sharing), Murabahan and Istishna have not significantly impact to reduce inequality

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Parenting Skill untuk Meningkatkan Kepedulian Orang Tua dalam Parenting Education di SD 19 Parambahan

BAKTIMAS : Jurnal Pengabdian pada Masyarakat ◽

10.32672/btm.v2i1.2101 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 27-31

Author(s):

Sri Putri Rahayu Z

Keyword(s):

Community Service ◽

Social Relationships ◽

Behavioral Problems ◽

Parenting Skills ◽

Academic Problems ◽

Social Emotional ◽

Parenting Skill ◽

Stage Of Development ◽

Service Activity ◽

The Right

ABSTRACTParenting is a very big influence on children's growth and development, both in the physical, linguistic, social, emotional and cognitive aspects of children, besides parenting also affects the behavior and achievement of children in school. Inappropriate parenting towards children will cause various problems in children ranging from behavioral problems, social relationships, emotional problems, and academic problems while the right parenting will make children grow and develop according to the stage of development. The purpose of this community service activity is that parents at SDN 19 Parambahan can find out the right care for children in accordance with the stages of child development. This activity was carried out using lecture, film analysis and answer methods. This activity was considered successful because based on the results of the interview the parents stated that there was a lot of knowledge they gained during the activity, because most of them had never received parenting skills before.Keywords: Parenting, Parents, Elementary schoolABSTRAKPola asuh orang tua (parenting) merupakan hal yang sangat besar pengaruhnya terhadap tumbuh kembang anak, baik pada aspek fisik, bahasa, sosial, emosi dan kognitif anak, selain itu pola asuh juga berpengaruh pada perilaku dan prestasi anak disekolah. Pola asuh yang tidak tepat terhadap anak akan mengakibatkan berbagai masalah pada anak mulai dari masalah perilaku, hubungan sosial, masalah emosi, dan masalah akademik sedangkan pola asuh (parenting) yang tepat akan menjadikan anak tumbuh dan berkembang sesuai dengan tahap perkembangannya. Tujuan dari kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini agar para orang tua di SDN 19 Parambahan dapat mengetahui cara pengasuhan yang tepat terhadap anak sesuai dengan tahap perkembangan anak. kegiatan ini dilakukan dengan metode ceramah, analisis film dan tannya jawab.kegiatan ini dianggap berhasil karena berdasarkan hasil wawancara orang tua menyatakan banyak ilmu yang mereka dapatkan selama kegiatan, karena kebanyakan dari mereka tidak pernah mendapatkan parenting skill sebelumnya.Kata kunci: pengasuhan, orang tua, sekolah dasar

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Impact of Microcredit on Living Standard of Dairy Entrepreneurs: Special Focus on Oddusuddan DS Division in Mullaitivu District

Indian Journal of Finance and Banking ◽

10.46281/ijfb.v3i2.456 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 43-48

Author(s):

Saseela Balagobei ◽

Sankeetha Aravinthakumar

Keyword(s):

Quantitative Analysis ◽

Low Income ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Primary Data ◽

Living Standard ◽

Poor People ◽

Special Focus ◽

The Impact ◽

Micro Credit

Microcredit is part of micro finance, which provides a wider range of financial services for low income people. Micro credit serves as a vital role for Living standard of poor people in the developing countries as well as in Sri Lanka. In this Study Oddusuddan DS division in Mullaitivu district was selected as research area. After the 30 years conflict situation most people in the Oddusuddan area in Mullaitivu district are subordinate to the poverty line, because most of the displaced people who are female other than male staying here. Women lost their male relatives in struggle, and forced to take a responsibility of their family in order to look after their children, aged parents and their male relatives. Micro credit helps the poor people particularly women in effective ways in order to create income generating activities. The prime objective of this study is to investigate the impact of Microcredit on living standard of dairy entrepreneurs in Oddusuddan DS division in Mullaitivu District. In the rural areas of Mullaitivu, Oddusuddan Divisional Secretariat Divisions 100 dairy entrepreneurs were selected as the sample size of population. The selected entrepreneurs who have received loan from samurdhi bank for dairy farming activities in Oddusuddan DS Division. Primary data were used for gathering information and quantitative analysis was carried out to find out the results. In the quantitative analysis the correlation and regression methods were employed to examine the hypotheses by using SPSS. The result of this study concluded that there is a positive impact of samurdhi micro credit on living standard of dairy entrepreneurs in Oddusuddan DS Division. In addition to this, using micro credit facilities create more job opportunities and variety of economic activities and improve household education, income, saving and heath condition of the people. The study recommends that micro credit institution should consider improve the living standard of dairy entrepreneurs through increase the loan amount with lower interest rate.

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Noninstructional Spending Improves Noncognitive Outcomes: Discontinuity Evidence from a Unique Elementary School Counselor Financing System

Education Finance and Policy ◽

10.1162/edfp.2010.5.2.5201 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 105-137 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Randall Reback

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Elementary Schools ◽

School Counselors ◽

Skill Acquisition ◽

Behavioral Problems ◽

Student Behavior ◽

School Counselor ◽

Financing System ◽

Future Earnings ◽

The Impact

Children's noncognitive skills, mental health, and behavior are important predictors of future earnings and educational attainment. Their behavior in the classroom also affects their peers' behavior and achievement. There is limited prior evidence, however, concerning the impact of school resources on student behavior. Some elementary schools employ counselors whose primary purpose is to help improve students' behavior, mental health, and noncognitive skill acquisition. This article estimates regression discontinuity models exploiting Alabama's unique financing system for school counselors. Alabama fully subsidizes counselor appointments for all elementary schools, with the number of appointments based on schools' prior year enrollments using discrete enrollment cutoffs. The results suggest that greater counselor subsidies reduce the frequency of disciplinary incidents but do not strongly influence mean student achievement test scores. Increases in counselors moderate relatively severe behavioral problems without necessarily improving systemic behavior affecting classroom learning.

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The Impact of Women Parliamentarians on Economic Growth: Modelling & Statistical Analysis of Empirical Global Data

International Journal of Statistics and Probability ◽

10.5539/ijsp.v9n3p23 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 23

Author(s):

Eman Khorsheed

Keyword(s):

Economic Growth ◽

Statistical Analysis ◽

Low Income ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Women Candidates ◽

Political Empowerment ◽

Joint Influence ◽

Severe Degree ◽

Sustainable Economic Growth ◽

The Impact

The impact of empowering women on economic growth is investigated through testing the influence of proportion of women candidates in parliaments. To obtain a long-term view, cross-country analysis is performed in parallel using 10 years World Bank data of 72 countries divided into the UN income-groups: 1-high, 2-upper-middle, 3-lower-middle, and 4- low-income. Statistical analysis reveals severe degree of multicollinearity. To unveil the desired connection, two approaches are implemented. Principle Component Regression is used to assess the independent impact of women parliamentarians. The results demonstrate a positive significant influence: 10% increase in female parliamentarians increase growth by 0.27%, 0.36%, 0.22%, and 0.49%, respectively. To unveil the joint influence of the considered indicators, interaction regression models are developed. The method demonstrates superior results. This work provides an empirical evidence on the positive impact of women political empowerment with respect to stimulating a sustainable economic growth.

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Abstract P035: Simple Cooking With Heart Culinary Literacy Program: Skill Acquisition, Attitudinal Change, Intention and Efficacy Lead to Improved Dietary Consumption Patters

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.131.suppl_1.p035 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 131 (suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Liz McKnight ◽

Dorothea K Vafiadis

Keyword(s):

Skill Acquisition ◽

Low Income ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Demonstration Program ◽

Low Socioeconomic ◽

Dietary Consumption ◽

New Information ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Live Demonstration ◽

At Home

Introduction: Less than 1% of Americans consume a diet that is consistent with the American Heart Association (AHA) definition for ideal cardiovascular health. In-home food preparation is associated with healthier dietary patterns and is more likely to align with current AHA recommendations for healthy eating. Hypothesis: The AHA’s Simple Cooking with Heart (SCwH) program aims to increase the healthfulness of family meals by addressing common barriers to cooking at home (lack of time, lack of skill, lack of budget). By increasing self-efficacy, individuals will demonstrate changes in attitudes and intention to choose wisely when shopping, as well as prepare and consume more meals at home, resulting in improved diet quality. Exposure to a “live” demonstration program that engages participants will improve cooking confidence and change attitudes in low-socioeconomic populations, compared to an online only, skills-building video exposure. The theoretical framework for this intervention is based upon the Health Belief Model. Methods: A 4-week, 2-cell controlled exposure study design measured the discrete impact of SCwH on low-income individuals exposed to a live cooking demonstration experience compared to individuals who received an online only exposure. All individuals were assessed via questionnaire post baseline for changes in attitude/intention, skill acquisition, frequency of meals prepared in home, dietary consumption and relevance of materials and information received; 337 participants completed the 4 week study. Results: Participation in “live” cooking demonstrations had a near immediate positive impact on participants’ intentions to: increase number of meals at home, reduce added salt and sugar/sweeteners, eat more fruits/vegetables/whole grains, and decrease unhealthy items. Participants who receive a “live” exposure have increased outcomes compared to those who received an online-only exposure. Demonstration participants, compared to web-only participants, reported: more often using new information in-home and reported a significant increase in the frequency of consuming healthy food items and a decrease in unhealthy items. Online-only cell respondents reported no significant difference in the mean frequency an item (healthy or unhealthy) was consumed. Both cells reported learning new information/skills. Conclusions: Culinary skill development, changing perceptions about affordable meals and addressing barriers to preparing and consuming meals in-home can be an effective way to improve dietary quality in low-socioeconomic populations. Exposure to “live” demonstration programs can increase effectiveness and promote healthier cooking at home; however, online-only intervention can still have a positive impact.

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An Urban Food Store Intervention Positively Affects Food-Related Psychosocial Variables and Food Behaviors

Health Education & Behavior ◽

10.1177/1090198109343886 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 37 (3) ◽

pp. 390-402 ◽

Cited By ~ 81

Author(s):

Joel Gittelsohn ◽

Hee-Jung Song ◽

Sonali Suratkar ◽

Mohan B. Kumar ◽

Elizabeth G. Henry ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nutrition Education ◽

Low Income ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Healthy Food ◽

Food Store ◽

Intervention Trial ◽

Preparation Methods ◽

Food Stores ◽

The Impact

Obesity and other diet-related chronic diseases are more prevalent in low-income urban areas, which commonly have limited access to healthy foods. The authors implemented an intervention trial in nine food stores, including two supermarkets and seven corner stores, in a low-income, predominantly African American area of Baltimore City, with a comparison group of eight stores in another low-income area of the city. The intervention (Baltimore Healthy Stores; BHS) included an environmental component to increase stocks of more nutritious foods and provided point-of-purchase promotions including signage for healthy choices and interactive nutrition education sessions. Using pre- and postassessments, the authors evaluated the impact of the program on 84 respondents sampled from the intervention and comparison areas. Exposure to intervention materials was modest in the intervention area, and overall healthy food purchasing scores, food knowledge, and self-efficacy did not show significant improvements associated with intervention status. However, based on adjusted multivariate regression results, the BHS program had a positive impact on healthfulness of food preparation methods and showed a trend toward improved intentions to make healthy food choices. Respondents in the intervention areas were significantly more likely to report purchasing promoted foods because of the presence of a BHS shelf label. This is the first food store intervention trial in low-income urban communities to show positive impacts at the consumer level.

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