Cardiorespiratory Testing of Persons who are Visually Impaired

1986 ◽  
Vol 80 (5) ◽  
pp. 726-728
Author(s):  
Larry W. Titlow ◽  
Jimmy H. Ishee

The purpose of this study was to investigate the use of three tests of cardiorespiratory endurance for visually impaired persons. Thirty-seven males and twenty females, ranging in age from 12 to 18 years, participated in three tests of cardiorespiratory endurance. The three tests included a 600-yard run/walk, a bicycle ergometer test, and a step test. Minimum, maximum, and mean test scores were determined for various age categories. Test results demonstrated a wide range of cardiorespiratory endurance. Generally, the test scores improved with age and males performed better than females. The bicycle test and the 600-yard run/walk test provided comparable cardiorespiratory fitness assessment of the visually impaired. The step test results, when compared to the results obtained from the other two tests, tended to underestimate fitness levels.

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 191-197
Author(s):  
T.I. Mokrova ◽  
A. Yu. Osipov ◽  
M. D. Kudryavtsev ◽  
R. S. Nagovitsyn ◽  
K. K. Markov

Purpose : Experts record the deterioration of the physical and cardiorespiratory fitness of students. Scientists recommend using fitness training in the practice of teaching students to increase cardiorespiratory fitness. The purpose of the research is to increase the level of cardiorespiratory fitness of female students by practicing Kangoo Jumps fitness in the practice of physical education. Material : participants are female students (n = 53, age - 19-20 years old). The study period was 10 months. Some females (n = 17) used Kangoo Jumps fitness in the practice of physical education. Indicators of physical and cardiorespiratory fitness were evaluated by the following methods: step test, Functional fitness assessment tests. Statistical data analysis was performed applying the Mann - Whitney U - test. Results : The test results (step test) revealed a significant (P <0.05) advantage of females practicing Kangoo Jumps fitness. The results are approximately the same for all females in most of the functional fitness assessment tests. The lowest weight gain (about 0.8 kg) is shown by females who used Kangoo Jumps fitness. Body mass indexes (from 1.8 to 2 kg.) were increased by students who used other types of fitness. Conclusions : It was revealed the possibility of increasing the cardiorespiratory fitness level of female students practicing Kangoo Jumps fitness in the practice of physical education. It was found the ability to control the increase in body weight of females.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Zachary Cooper

<p>Visually impaired persons possess a specific set of functional and sensory requirements for their successful existence in architectural environments. Unfortunately, a majority of our existing built infrastructure is ill-equipped to address these requirements. Both existing forms of solution for this issues, technological and architectural, are incapable of compensating for the inadequately considered design of public spaces and are subject to widespread general criticisms from the vision loss and architectural community (Human Rights Commission, 2012; Pawluk et al., 2015).   This thesis recruits the native capabilities of emerging consumer-level digital technologies in order to explore new solutions to this complex problem. This research saw the proposition tested through the development of a digital platform which blended the design strategies of universal design and assistive technologies with a wide range of theoretical perspectives drawn from medical, psychological, sociological, and geolocational literature. The resulting integration generated unique forms of architectural engagement which improve the spatial comprehension abilities of the visually impaired.  The early design outcomes focus on two distinct modes of engagement with a virtual, augmented environment. The first is direct bodily interaction, in which the human-scale perception of the user is bolstered through an object-detection system, which provides users with sensory cues to identify objects in their direct vicinity. The second was the development of various methods for distance-based spatial engagements. Engagement with an environment from a distance significantly expands the scale of potential spatial understanding. These methods allow users to explore spaces in a myriad of different ways, with each mechanic providing different environmental information through diverse sensory outputs. The later design work reflects on these creations and through a process of redevelopment and evaluation draws larger observations regarding the development of the tools and what they offer in terms of spatial understanding. Final conclusions from the thesis provide a framework for research which would allow for the digital adaptation of our currently unsuitable infrastructure.</p>


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Zachary Cooper

<p>Visually impaired persons possess a specific set of functional and sensory requirements for their successful existence in architectural environments. Unfortunately, a majority of our existing built infrastructure is ill-equipped to address these requirements. Both existing forms of solution for this issues, technological and architectural, are incapable of compensating for the inadequately considered design of public spaces and are subject to widespread general criticisms from the vision loss and architectural community (Human Rights Commission, 2012; Pawluk et al., 2015).   This thesis recruits the native capabilities of emerging consumer-level digital technologies in order to explore new solutions to this complex problem. This research saw the proposition tested through the development of a digital platform which blended the design strategies of universal design and assistive technologies with a wide range of theoretical perspectives drawn from medical, psychological, sociological, and geolocational literature. The resulting integration generated unique forms of architectural engagement which improve the spatial comprehension abilities of the visually impaired.  The early design outcomes focus on two distinct modes of engagement with a virtual, augmented environment. The first is direct bodily interaction, in which the human-scale perception of the user is bolstered through an object-detection system, which provides users with sensory cues to identify objects in their direct vicinity. The second was the development of various methods for distance-based spatial engagements. Engagement with an environment from a distance significantly expands the scale of potential spatial understanding. These methods allow users to explore spaces in a myriad of different ways, with each mechanic providing different environmental information through diverse sensory outputs. The later design work reflects on these creations and through a process of redevelopment and evaluation draws larger observations regarding the development of the tools and what they offer in terms of spatial understanding. Final conclusions from the thesis provide a framework for research which would allow for the digital adaptation of our currently unsuitable infrastructure.</p>


2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Nkiko ◽  
Morayo I. Atinmo ◽  
Happiness Chijioke Michael-Onuoha ◽  
Julie E. Ilogho ◽  
Michael O. Fagbohun ◽  
...  

Studies have shown inadequate reading materials for the visually impaired in Nigeria. Information technology has greatly advanced the provision of information to the visually impaired in other industrialized climes. This study investigated the extent of application of information technology to the transcription of reading materials for the visually impaired in Nigeria. The study adopted survey research design of the ex-post facto to select 470 personnel as respondents. A questionnaire titled Information Technology Use Scale (α=0.74), and Interview Schedule (α=0.75), were used. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Pearson Product Moment Correlation. The findings indicate that information technology in transcription was low and a significant positive relationship between application of information technology and transcription of information materials (r=0.62: p<0.05). The study recommended among others that Multi-National Corporations should be sensitized to extend their Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) activities to help in procuring modern information technology devices and software to enhance transcription.


Author(s):  
Toshimi Kobayashi ◽  
Toru Izaki ◽  
Junichi Kusumoto ◽  
Akihiro Kanaya

The small punch creep (SPC) test is possible to predict residual creep life at a high accuracy. But, the results of SPC tests cannot be compared with uniaxial creep or internal pressure creep results directly. In this report, the relationship between SPC test results and uniaxial creep test results in ASME A335 P11 (1.25Cr-0.5Mo Steel) was studied. The obtained relationship between SPC load and equivalent uniaxial creep stress formed a simple linear equation under the wide range of test temperature and test period. Then, the SPC results can be compared with uniaxial results by converting SPC loads to the equivalent uniaxial creep stresses. The relationship between SPC test results and internal pressure creep tests results was also studied. The internal creep life of as-received P11 pipe was almost same as SPC result when the hoop stress was converted to the SPC load. The creep lives of internal pressure creep influenced materials also showed good correspondence with SPC results. Therefore SPC can estimate the residual life of internal pressure creep influenced materials.


IEEE Access ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Paul Mejia ◽  
Luiz Cesar Martini ◽  
Felipe Grijalva ◽  
Julio Cesar Larco ◽  
Juan Carlos Rodriguez

2000 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 712-722 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Sridharan ◽  
H B Nagaraj

Correlating engineering properties with index properties has assumed greater significance in the recent past in the field of geotechnical engineering. Although attempts have been made in the past to correlate compressibility with various index properties individually, all the properties affecting compressibility behaviour have not been considered together in any single study to examine which index property of the soil correlates best with compressibility behaviour, especially within a set of test results. In the present study, 10 soils covering a sufficiently wide range of liquid limit, plastic limit, and shrinkage limit were selected and conventional consolidation tests were carried out starting with their initial water contents almost equal to their respective liquid limits. The compressibility behaviour is vastly different for pairs of soils having nearly the same liquid limit, but different plasticity characteristics. The relationship between void ratio and consolidation pressure is more closely related to the shrinkage index (shrinkage index = liquid limit - shrinkage limit) than to the plasticity index. Wide variations are seen with the liquid limit. For the soils investigated, the compression index relates better with the shrinkage index than with the plasticity index or liquid limit.Key words: Atterberg limits, classification, clays, compressibility, laboratory tests.


PLoS ONE ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. e0194737 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hendrik P. Buimer ◽  
Marian Bittner ◽  
Tjerk Kostelijk ◽  
Thea M. van der Geest ◽  
Abdellatif Nemri ◽  
...  

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