Lyme Disease: A Review for the Otolaryngologist

1994 ◽  
Vol 73 (11) ◽  
pp. 824-829 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Goldfarb ◽  
Robert T. Sataloff
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Lyme Disease ◽  
Joint Pain ◽  
Facial Pain ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Cervical Lymphadenopathy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Animal Host ◽  
Common Sign

Lyme disease is an important consideration in the differential diagnosis of patients seen by the otolaryngologist. Facial paralysis is the most common sign. The otolaryngologist may also see patients with temporal mandibular joint pain, cervical lymphadenopathy, facial pain, headache, tinnitis, vertigo, decreased hearing, otalgia and sore throat. The incidence is increasing and known to be endemic to certain areas of the United States and abroad. This paper reviews the various ways Lyme disease appears to the otolaryngologist. Three cases along with a discussion including epidemiology, vector, animal host relationship, clinical manifestations and pathophysiology are included. The literature is reviewed and the treatment discussed.

scholarly journals Postoperative Lyme Arthritis in the Orthopaedic Patient

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 350-354
Author(s):  
Matthew C. Hess ◽  
Zachary Devilbiss ◽  
Garry Wai Keung Ho ◽  
Raymond Thal
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Lyme Disease ◽  
Postoperative Complication ◽  
Joint Pain ◽  
English Language ◽  
The United States ◽  
Lyme Arthritis ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
Level 3

Context:Lyme disease is the most common tick-borne illness in North America and Europe, and Lyme arthritis is a frequent late-stage manifestation in the United States. However, Lyme arthritis has rarely been reported as a postoperative complication.Evidence Acquisition:The PubMed database was queried through June 2018, and restricted to the English language, in search of relevant articles.Study Design:Clinical review.Level of Evidence:Level 3.Results:A total of 5 cases of Lyme arthritis as a postoperative complication have been reported in the literature.Conclusion:These cases highlight the importance for providers practicing in Lyme-endemic regions to keep such an infection in mind when evaluating postoperative joint pain and swelling. We propose herein an algorithm for the workup of potential postoperative Lyme arthritis.Strength of Recommendation Taxonomy (SORT):C

scholarly journals Primary Sternal Tuberculosis Osteomyelitis: A Case Report and Discussion

2009 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. e181-e184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miten Vasa ◽  
Christine Ohikhuare ◽  
Leslea Brickner
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
The United States ◽  
Typical Case ◽  
Antituberculous Therapy ◽  
Sternal Osteomyelitis ◽  
The World

As immigration to the United States from countries endemic for tuberculosis (TB) increases, the incidence of pulmonary and extrapulmonary TB disease may increase. Primary tuberculous sternal osteomyelitis is one form of extrapulmonary TB that is exceedingly rare throughout the world, and falls under the differential diagnosis for chest wall masses. Management involves standard antituberculous therapy with antibiotics similar to treating other forms of extrapulmonary TB, as well as consideration of surgical intervention depending on the extent of osteomyelitis. A typical case of primary sternal TB osteomyelitis is reported, and the epidemiology, differential diagnosis, clinical manifestations and management are reviewed.

Syphilis and the Nonvenereal Treponematoses

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Augenbraun
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Congenital Syphilis ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
The United States ◽  
Dark Field ◽  
Sexual Contact ◽  
Disease Course ◽  
Special Cases ◽  
The World

Syphilis is an infectious disease with complex acute and chronic manifestations that is transmitted primarily through sexual contact. The disease has been recognized for many centuries, although its origin remains unknown. This chapter’s discussion of the epidemiology of syphilis includes figures illustrating the rate of syphilis in the United States by state and county and the rate of syphilis in the United States from 1941 to 2009. The etiology, pathogenesis and disease course, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, treatment, and complications of syphilis are discussed. Special cases of syphilis—in pregnant women, in children, in HIV-infected patients, and congenital syphilis—are also considered. Illustrations include a dark-field microphotograph of treponemes and photographs of a syphilitic chancre, the classic aculopapular rash from spirochetemia, condylomata lata, and a gumma. Tables outline the clinical manifestations of syphilis in adults and the treatment of syphilis. The nonvenereal treponematoses—yaws, endemic syphilis, and pinta—are a group of infections distributed throughout tropical and semitropical areas of the world. They are primarily noted to cause a variety of skin and skeletal lesions. There is little biologic difference between the treponemes that cause these conditions. The epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, and treatment of the nonvenereal treponematoses are discussed. This chapter contains 7 highly rendered figures, 2 tables, 60 references, 1 teaching slide set, and 5 MCQs.

Syphilis and the Nonvenereal Treponematoses

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Augenbraun
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Congenital Syphilis ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
The United States ◽  
Dark Field ◽  
Sexual Contact ◽  
Disease Course ◽  
Special Cases ◽  
The World

Syphilis is an infectious disease with complex acute and chronic manifestations that is transmitted primarily through sexual contact. The disease has been recognized for many centuries, although its origin remains unknown. This chapter’s discussion of the epidemiology of syphilis includes figures illustrating the rate of syphilis in the United States by state and county and the rate of syphilis in the United States from 1941 to 2009. The etiology, pathogenesis and disease course, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, treatment, and complications of syphilis are discussed. Special cases of syphilis—in pregnant women, in children, in HIV-infected patients, and congenital syphilis—are also considered. Illustrations include a dark-field microphotograph of treponemes and photographs of a syphilitic chancre, the classic aculopapular rash from spirochetemia, condylomata lata, and a gumma. Tables outline the clinical manifestations of syphilis in adults and the treatment of syphilis. The nonvenereal treponematoses—yaws, endemic syphilis, and pinta—are a group of infections distributed throughout tropical and semitropical areas of the world. They are primarily noted to cause a variety of skin and skeletal lesions. There is little biologic difference between the treponemes that cause these conditions. The epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, and treatment of the nonvenereal treponematoses are discussed. This review contains 7 highly rendered figures, 2 tables, and 60 references.

Mosquito and Tick-borne Illnesses in the United States. Guidelines for the Recognition and Empiric Treatment of Zoonotic Diseases in the Wilderness.

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 238-257
Author(s):  
Suresh Antony
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Lyme Disease ◽  
Spotted Fever ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Rocky Mountain ◽  
The United States ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever ◽  
Number Of Patients

Background:In the United States, tick-borne illnesses account for a significant number of patients that have been seen and treated by health care facilities. This in turn, has resulted in a significant morbidity and mortality and economic costs to the country.Methods:The distribution of these illnesses is geographically variable and is related to the climate as well. Many of these illnesses can be diagnosed and treated successfully, if recognized and started on appropriate antimicrobial therapy early in the disease process. Patient with illnesses such as Lyme disease, Wet Nile illness can result in chronic debilitating diseases if not recognized early and treated.Conclusion:This paper covers illnesses such as Lyme disease, West Nile illness, Rocky Mountain Spotted fever, Ehrlichia, Tularemia, typhus, mosquito borne illnesses such as enteroviruses, arboviruses as well as arthropod and rodent borne virus infections as well. It covers the epidemiology, clinical features and diagnostic tools needed to make the diagnosis and treat these patients as well.

scholarly journals Current knowledge of Chagas-related heart disease among pediatric cardiologists in the United States

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanchi Malhotra ◽  
Imran Masood ◽  
Noberto Giglio ◽  
Jay D. Pruetz ◽  
Pia S. Pannaraj
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cardiac Complications ◽  
The U.S

Abstract Background Chagas disease is a pathogenic parasitic infection with approximately 8 million cases worldwide and greater than 300,000 cases in the United States (U.S.). Chagas disease can lead to chronic cardiomyopathy and cardiac complications, with variable cardiac presentations in pediatrics making it difficult to recognize. The purpose of our study is to better understand current knowledge and experience with Chagas related heart disease among pediatric cardiologists in the U.S. Methods We prospectively disseminated a 19-question survey to pediatric cardiologists via 3 pediatric cardiology listservs. The survey included questions about demographics, Chagas disease presentation and experience. Results Of 139 responses, 119 cardiologists treat pediatric patients in the U.S. and were included. Most providers (87%) had not seen a case of Chagas disease in their practice; however, 72% also had never tested for it. The majority of knowledge-based questions about Chagas disease cardiac presentations were answered incorrectly, and 85% of providers expressed discomfort with recognizing cardiac presentations in children. Most respondents selected that they would not include Chagas disease on their differential diagnosis for presentations such as conduction anomalies, myocarditis and/or apical aneurysms, but would be more likely to include it if found in a Latin American immigrant. Of respondents, 87% agreed that they would be likely to attend a Chagas disease-related lecture. Conclusions Pediatric cardiologists in the U.S. have seen very few cases of Chagas disease, albeit most have not sent testing or included it in their differential diagnosis. Most individuals agreed that education on Chagas disease would be worth-while.

Surveillance of Lyme Disease in the United States, 1982

1985 ◽  
Vol 151 (6) ◽  
pp. 1144-1149 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. P. Schmid ◽  
R. Horsley ◽  
A. C. Steere ◽  
J. P. Hanrahan ◽  
J. P. Davis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Lyme Disease ◽  
The United States

scholarly journals 1428. Lyme Disease Treatment in the United States: Prescribing Patterns from a Nationwide Commercial Insurance Database, 2016-2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S720-S720
Author(s):  
Amy M Beeson ◽  
Grace E Marx ◽  
Amy M Schwartz ◽  
Alison F Hinckley
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Lyme Disease ◽  
Standard Treatment ◽  
Age Distribution ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
The United States ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Prescribing Patterns ◽  
Antibiotic Prescribing ◽  
Low Incidence

Abstract Background Lyme disease (LD) is the most common vector-borne disease in the United States and is a significant public health problem. The use of non-standard antibiotic treatment regimens for LD has been associated with adverse effects; however, the overall landscape of treatment has not been described previously. We aimed to describe real-world antibiotic prescribing patterns for LD. Methods We performed a retrospective analysis of the MarketScan commercial claims database of outpatient encounters from 2016-2018 in the United States. We identified all individuals with a visit that included an LD diagnosis code and a prescription within 30 days of the visit for one or more of 12 antibiotics that may be prescribed for LD. We then categorized each individual as having received either standard or non-standard treatment during the two-year period. Standard treatment was defined as treatment with a first, second or third-line antibiotic for LD, for no longer than 30 days, and for no more than two episodes during the study period. Descriptive and multivariable analyses were performed to compare characteristics of people who received standard vs non-standard treatment for LD. Results A total of 84,769 prescriptions met criteria for inclusion, written for 45,926 unique patients. The mean duration of prescriptions was 21.4 days (SD 10.8). Most individuals (84.5%) treated for LD received standard treatment during the study period. Female gender (OR 1.5, p< 0.0001) and age 19-45 (p=0.0003) were significantly associated with being prescribed non-standard LD treatment. Treatment in low-incidence states (OR 2.2 compared to high-incidence states, p< 0.0001) and during non-summer months (OR 2.2, p< 0.0001) was more likely to be non-standard. Age distribution of patients receiving treatment for Lyme disease, by gender and age at first prescription Seasonality of standard versus non-standard treatment of Lyme disease Conclusion In this population of employed, young, and insured patients, young and middle-aged women were at the highest risk of receiving non-standard LD treatment. Treatments prescribed in states with low incidence of LD or during non-summer months were also more likely to be non-standard, a trend which likely reflects misdiagnosis or overtreatment of LD. Future studies are needed to further define prescriber and patient factors associated with non-standard LD treatment and related adverse outcomes. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

scholarly journals Human Coinfection withBorrelia burgdorferiandBabesia microtiin the United States

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristen L. Knapp ◽  
Nancy A. Rice
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Lyme Disease ◽  
Causative Agent ◽  
Ixodes Scapularis ◽  
Immunological Response ◽  
The United States ◽  
Babesia Microti ◽  
Current State ◽  
Tick Borne Disease ◽  
Multiple Pathogens

Borrelia burgdorferi, the causative agent of Lyme disease, andBabesia microti, a causative agent of babesiosis, are increasingly implicated in the growing tick-borne disease burden in the northeastern United States. These pathogens are transmitted via the bite of an infected tick vector,Ixodes scapularis, which is capable of harboring and inoculating a host with multiple pathogens simultaneously. Clinical presentation of the diseases is heterogeneous and ranges from mild flu-like symptoms to near-fatal cardiac arrhythmias. While the reason for the variability is not known, the possibility exists that concomitant infection with bothB. burgdorferiandB. microtimay synergistically increase disease severity. In an effort to clarify the current state of understanding regarding coinfection withB. burgdorferiandB. microti, in this review, we discuss the geographical distribution and pathogenesis of Lyme disease and babesiosis in the United States, the immunological response of humans toB. burgdorferiorB. microtiinfection, the existing knowledge regarding coinfection disease pathology, and critical factors that have led to ambiguity in the literature regarding coinfection, in order to eliminate confusion in future experimental design and investigation.

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